Full-length transcriptome-referenced analysis reveals developmental and olfactory regulatory genes in Dermestes frischii.

Dermestes frischii Kugelann, 1792 is a storage pest worldwide, and is important for estimating the postmortem interval in forensic entomology. However, because of the lack of transcriptome and genome resources, population genetics and biological control studies on D. frischii have been hindered.

Developmental time pattern of Thanatophilus sinuatus at different constant and variable temperatures.

As a forensically important species, Thanatophilus sinuatus (Fabricius, 1775) (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) is often active and widely distributed on animal and human carcasses. Although there is developmental data available for this species under small-group feeding conditions, there is still a lack of data on the developmental time of this species under aggregate feeding conditions, focusing on each developmental stage. Also, there are no studies on the development of this species under variable temperatures.

Recent advances in the application of artificial intelligence in age-related macular degeneration.

Recent advancements in ophthalmology have been driven by the incorporation of artificial intelligence (AI), especially in diagnosing, monitoring treatment and predicting outcomes for age-related macular degeneration (AMD). AMD is a leading cause of irreversible vision loss worldwide, and its increasing prevalence among the ageing population presents a significant challenge for managing the disease. AI holds considerable promise in tackling this issue.

Development and age estimation of the intrapuparial period of Phormia regina (Diptera: Calliphoridae) for postmortem interval estimation.

Phormia regina (Meigen, 1826; Diptera: Calliphoridae) is a Holarctic species that rapidly colonizes carcasses and has been used as an indicator for determining the minimum postmortem interval. However, studies using morphological methods to estimate the intrapuparial age of P. regina are lacking.

AMD-SD: An Optical Coherence Tomography Image Dataset for wet AMD Lesions Segmentation.

Wet Age-related Macular Degeneration (wet AMD) is a common ophthalmic disease that significantly impacts patients' vision. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) examination has been widely utilized for diagnosing, treating, and monitoring wet AMD due to its cost-effectiveness, non-invasiveness, and repeatability, positioning it as the most valuable tool for diagnosis and tracking. OCT can provide clear visualization of retinal layers and precise segmentation of lesion areas, facilitating the identification and quantitative analysis of abnormalities.

New developmental data for Dermestes maculatus (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) from the Yangtze River Delta region of China under different constant temperatures.

Necrophagous beetles are sometimes used to estimate the minimum postmortem interval (PMI) in the decay and remains stages of a corpse. Among these, the Dermestidae is one of the most common groups used and therefore has important research and application value. In this study, the developmental events of Dermestes maculatus de Geer, 1774, were recorded at six constant temperatures, and isomorphen diagrams were established.

Differences in three instars of four carrion nitidulids (Coleoptera, Nitidulidae, Nitidula and Omosita) revealed using SEM.

The genera Omosita and Nitidula from the family Nitidulidae, are often reported to be associated with rotten animal carcasses. However, morphological descriptions of their larval stages are limited and are usually only from the third instar larvae, which does not provide enough systematic data. In this study, the overall structure of three instar larvae from the four Nitidulidae species was compared using optical microscopy, and the resolution was not satisfactory.

A global perspective of forensic entomology case reports from 1935 to 2022.

Forensic entomology case reports are the product of rapid development in the field, the widespread acceptance of the science and the application of forensic entomological knowledge. In this study, we retrospectively summarized information derived from 307 forensic entomology case reports from 1935 to 2022 from a global perspective. Our checklist of relevant information included insect species, specific indoor or outdoor preferences, preferred temperatures, and stages of body decomposition.

NPY and NPY receptors in the central control of feeding and interactions with CART and MC4R in Siberian sturgeon.

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is the most powerful central neuropeptide implicated in feeding regulation via its receptors. Understanding the role of NPY system is critical to elucidate animal feeding regulation. Unlike mammal, the possible mechanisms of NPY system in the food intake of teleost fish are mostly unknown.

One evidence of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) has the bidirectional effects on appetite in Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii).

Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART), discovered in 1995, with various biological functions, has received much attention recently due to its role in the regulation of appetite in mammals. However, the function of CART on the appetite control in fish species is still not very clear. In this study, Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii Brandt) cart gene was cloned for the first time, and the cart mRNA levels in 11 feeding-related tissues was investigated.

Intraperitoneal injection urocortin-3 reduces the food intake of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii).

Urocortin-3 (UCN3), one of the corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) family peptides, which was discovered in 2001, has a variety of biological functions. However, the researches of UCN3 in fish were scarce. In order to understand whether UCN3 play a role in regulating food intake in fish, we first cloned the ucn3 cDNAs sequence of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii Brandt), and investigated the ucn3 mRNA levels in 11 tissues.

Molecular characterization of melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) in Schizothorax prenanti: cloning, tissue distribution and role in food intake regulation.

Melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) is a crucial neuropeptide involved in various biological functions in both mammals and fish. In this study, the full-length MCH cDNA was obtained from Schizothorax prenanti by rapid amplification of cDNA ends polymerase chain reaction. The full-length MCH cDNA contained 589 nucleotides including an open reading frame of 375 nucleotides encoding 256 amino acids.

Appetite regulation in Schizothorax prenanti by three CART genes.

In recent years, cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) has received much attention as mediators of appetite regulation in mammals. However, the involvement of CART in the feeding behavior of teleosts has not been well understood. In this study, three distinct CARTs were cloned from the Schizothorax prenanti (S.

Ya-fish (Schizothorax prenanti) spexin: identification, tissue distribution and mRNA expression responses to periprandial and fasting.

Spexin (SPX) is a novel peptide which was known for its role in physiological homeostasis. A recent study has confirmed that SPX plays an important role in the feeding regulation. However, the reports about SPX are very limited.

Molecular cloning, expression analysis, and appetite regulatory effect of peptide YY in Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii).

Peptide YY (PYY) is an anorectic brain-gut peptide involved in feeding regulation and well characterized in mammals. However, the functional role of PYY in the appetite regulatory of fish is not clear. In this study, we characterized a high conservation of PYY cDNA and found high expression levels of PYY mRNA in the brain and digestive tract of Siberian sturgeon.

Molecular and physiological evidences for the role in appetite regulation of apelin and its receptor APJ in Ya-fish (Schizothorax prenanti).

Apelin is a recently discovered peptide produced by several tissues with diverse physiological actions mediated by its receptor APJ. In order to better understand the role of apelin in the regulation of appetite in fish, we cloned the cDNAs encoding apelin and APJ, and investigated their mRNA distributions in Ya-fish (Schizothorax prenanti) tissues. We also assessed the effects of different nutritional status on apelin and APJ mRNAs abundance.

Schizothorax prenanti corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH): molecular cloning, tissue expression, and the function of feeding regulation.

Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) is a potent mediator of endocrine, autonomic, behavioral, and immune responses to stress. For a better understanding of the structure and function of the CRH gene and to study its effect on feeding regulation in cyprinid fish, the cDNA of the CRH gene from the brain of Schizothorax prenanti was cloned and sequenced. The full-length CRH cDNA consisted of 1,046 bp with an open reading frame of 489 bp encoding a protein of 162 amino acids.

Molecular characterization and tissue expression of peptide YY in Schizothorax prenanti: effects of periprandial changes and fasting on expression in the hypothalamus.

Peptide YY (PYY) is a potent anorectic neuropeptide implicated in feeding regulation in mammals. However, the involvement of PYY in the feeding behavior of teleosts has not been well understood. In this study, we employed molecular, real-time quantitative PCR and physiological studies to characterize the structure, distribution, and appetite regulatory effects of PYY in Schizothorax prenanti (S.

Molecular characterization, tissue distribution and feeding related changes of NUCB2A/nesfatin-1 in Ya-fish (Schizothorax prenanti).

The protein nucleobindin-2 (NUCB2) was identified over a decade ago and recently raised great interest as its derived peptide nesfatin-1 was shown to reduce food intake and body weight in rodents. However, the involvement of NUCB2 in feeding behavior has not well been studied in fish. In the present study, we characterized the structure, distribution, and meal responsive of NUCB2A/nesfatin-1 in Ya-fish (Schizothorax prenanti) for the first time.

Cloning, distribution and effects of fasting status of melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) in Schizothorax prenanti.

Melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) has an important role in the regulation of energy homeostasis in both mammals and fish. In this study, MC4R was characterized in S. prenanti (Schizothorax prenanti) and designated as SpMC4R.