Cropformer: An Interpretable Deep Learning Framework for Crop Genome Prediction.

Machine learning and deep learning have been employed in genomic selection (GS) to expedite the identification of superior genotypes and accelerate breeding cycles. However, a significant challenge for current data-driven deep learning models in GS is their low robustness and interpretability. To address this challenge, we developed Cropformer, a deep learning framework for predicting crop phenotypes and exploring downstream tasks.

Dexmedetomidine inhibits ferroptosis and attenuates sepsis-induced acute kidney injury via activating the Nrf2/SLC7A11/FSP1/CoQ10 pathway.

Objectives: The molecular mechanism underlying the protective effects of DEX against sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (SAKI) remains to be elucidated.

Methods: We established S-AKI models in vivo via CLP and in vitro with LPS-induced HK-2 cells.

Results: The Nrf2/SLC7A11/FSP1/CoQ10 pathway was inhibited in S-AKI both in vitro and in vivo.

Epidural injection of hydromorphone for postoperative pain after episiotomy: a randomized controlled trial.

Perineal incision resulting in post-partum pain and impact on puerperal life was the focus of our study. We recruited postpartum mothers who had undergone vaginal delivery to receive labor analgesia and episiotomy with an epidural injection of 0.5 mg hydromorphone to assess the therapeutic effects of postpartum analgesia.

Effect of intravenous different drugs on the prevention of restlessness during recovery period of pediatric laparoscopic surgery: a randomized control trial.

Purpose: To explored the impact of dexmedetomidine and esketamine in mitigating restlessness during the postoperative recovery phase following laparoscopic surgery in children.

Methods: 102 individuals aged 1 to 7 years experiencing laparoscopic surgery were randomly allocated into three groups, each accepting 1 μg/kg of dexmedetomidine, 0.3 mg/kg of esketamine, or saline immediately at the end of carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum.

Enhancing pediatric asthma management through multifaceted health education.

Background: Pediatric asthma is a significant public health issue that impacts the quality of life of children globally. Traditional management approaches focus on symptom control and medication adherence but often overlook the comprehensive educational needs of patients and their families. A multifaceted health education approach may offer a more holistic strategy in managing pediatric asthma, especially in outpatient settings.

Safety and feasibility of early drinking water after general anesthesia recovery in patients undergoing daytime surgery.

Background: Patients who are recovering from general anesthesia commonly exhibit symptoms such as dry lips, throat irritation, and thirst, prompting a desire to drink water in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU). In this study, we aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects and any potential complications of administering varying quantities of water to such patients. The primary objectives are to assess the safety and feasibility of early water intake after general anesthesia, specifically in the context of daytime surgery.

TXNIP knockdown protects rats against bupivacaine-induced spinal neurotoxicity via the inhibition of oxidative stress and apoptosis.

Bupivacaine (BUP) is an anesthetic commonly used in clinical practice that when used for spinal anesthesia, might exert neurotoxic effects. Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) is a member of the α-arrestin protein superfamily that binds covalently to thioredoxin (TRX) to inhibit its function, leading to increased oxidative stress and activation of apoptosis. The role of TXNIP in BUP-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis remains to be elucidated.

NRTPredictor: identifying rice root cell state in single-cell RNA-seq via ensemble learning.

Background: Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) measurements of gene expression show great promise for studying the cellular heterogeneity of rice roots. How precisely annotating cell identity is a major unresolved problem in plant scRNA-seq analysis due to the inherent high dimensionality and sparsity.

Results: To address this challenge, we present NRTPredictor, an ensemble-learning system, to predict rice root cell stage and mine biomarkers through complete model interpretability.

Endotracheal tube forces exerted on the larynx and a novel support device to reduce it.

Objective: Endotracheal tubes (ETTs) are commonly associated with laryngeal injury that may be short lasting and temporary or more severe and life altering. Injury is believed to result from forces that these ETTs exert on the larynx. Here we quantify the forces of ETTs of various sizes on the laryngotracheal complex to gain a more quantitative understanding of these potential damaging forces.

Wafer-Scale 1T' MoTe for Fast Response Self-Powered Wide-Range Photodetectors.

The semimetal-based photodetector possesses the intrinsic advantage of high response speed, low power consumption, and wide-range photoresponse. Here, we report the synthesis and application of 1 inch wafer-scale polycrystalline few layer 1T'-MoTe on the SiO/Si substrate by employing a modified chemical vapor deposition method of predeposition of precursors. A continuous film with seamlessly stitched micrometer scale grains has been realized, and the pure 1T' phase was confirmed by Raman spectroscopy.

Ferrostatin-1 ameliorates Bupivacaine-Induced spinal neurotoxicity in rats by inhibiting ferroptosis.

Bupivacaine (BUP) has previously been shown to trigger neurotoxicity after spinal anesthesia. Further, ferroptosis has been implicated in the pathological processes associated with various central nervous system diseases. Although the impact of ferroptosis on BUP-induced neurotoxicity in the spinal cord has not been fully understood, this research aims to investigate this relationship in rats.

Clinical Application of Allograft Bone of Alveolar Cleft Repair.

Objectives: To investigate the osteogenic effect of allograft bone (BIO-GENE) and autologous iliac crest bone graft in the alveolar cleft repair.

Materials And Methods: A total of 131 patients with congenital unilateral alveolar cleft who consulted in our hospital from January 2016 to May 2021 were selected and divided into 3 groups according to the different bone restoration materials used. Group A totaling 43 cases was the autologous bone group; group B totaling 41 cases was the BIO-GENE group; and group C totaling 47 cases was the BMP-2+BIO-GENE group.

Muscle Engagement Monitoring Using Self-Adhesive Elastic Nanocomposite Fabrics.

Insight into, and measurements of, muscle contraction during movement may help improve the assessment of muscle function, quantification of athletic performance, and understanding of muscle behavior, prior to and during rehabilitation following neuromusculoskeletal injury. A self-adhesive, elastic fabric, nanocomposite, skin-strain sensor was developed and validated for human movement monitoring. We hypothesized that skin-strain measurements from these wearables would reveal different degrees of muscle engagement during functional movements.

A Feature-Encoded Physics-Informed Parameter Identification Neural Network for Musculoskeletal Systems.

Identification of muscle-tendon force generation properties and muscle activities from physiological measurements, e.g., motion data and raw surface electromyography (sEMG), offers opportunities to construct a subject-specific musculoskeletal (MSK) digital twin system for health condition assessment and motion prediction.

Distributed Strain Monitoring Using Nanocomposite Paint Sensing Meshes.

Strain measurements are vital for monitoring the load-bearing capacity and safety of structures. A common approach is to affix strain gages onto structural surfaces. On the other hand, most aerospace, automotive, civil, and mechanical structures are painted and coated, often with many layers, prior to their deployment.

A self-powered photoelectrochemical ultraviolet photodetector based on TiCT/TiOformed heterojunctions.

Transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes), as a large family of emerging two-dimensional materials, have demonstrated extraordinary performance in many fields such as electronics, optics and energy storage. However, their susceptibility to oxidation during preparation and storage in ambient air environment is undesirable for long-term and stable applications. Here, we have demonstrated that the spontaneous oxidation of TiCTcan be harnessed ingeniously to prepare TiCT/TiOformed heterojunctions.

Biofabrication of Gingival Fibroblast Cell-Laden Collagen/Strontium-Doped Calcium Silicate 3D-Printed Bi-Layered Scaffold for Osteoporotic Periodontal Regeneration.

Periodontal disease is a chronic disease that can lead to lose teeth and even tooth loss if left untreated. Osteoporosis and periodontal disease share similar characteristics and associated factors. Current regenerative techniques for periodontal diseases are ineffective in restoring complete function and structural integrity of periodontium due to unwanted migration of cells.

Roles of Testosterone and Estradiol in Mediation of Acute Neuroendocrine and Electroencephalographic Effects of Sevoflurane During the Sensitive Period in Rats.

Testosterone (T), predominantly acting through its derivative 17β-estradiol (E2), regulates the brain's sexual differentiation in rodents during the perinatal sensitive period, which mirrors the window of vulnerability to the adverse effects of general anesthetics. The mechanisms of anesthesia's adverse effects are poorly understood. We investigated whether sevoflurane alters T and E2 levels and whether they contribute to sevoflurane's acute adverse effects in postnatal day 5 Sprague-Dawley rats.

A Methyltransferase Inhibitor (Decitabine) Alleviates Intergenerational Effects of Paternal Neonatal Exposure to Anesthesia With Sevoflurane.

Background: Neonatal exposure to sevoflurane induces neurobehavioral and neuroendocrine abnormalities in exposed male rats (generation F0) and neurobehavioral, but not neuroendocrine, abnormalities in their male, but not female, offspring (generation F1). These effects of sevoflurane are accompanied by a hypermethylated neuron-specific K-2Cl (Kcc2) Cl exporter gene in the F0 spermatozoa and the F1 male hypothalamus, while the gene's expression is reduced in the F0 and F1 hypothalamus. We investigated whether inhibition of deoxyribonucleic acid methyltransferases (DNMTs) before paternal sevoflurane exposure could alleviate the anesthetic's F0 and F1 effects.

Neonatal exposure to sevoflurane expands the window of vulnerability to adverse effects of subsequent exposure to sevoflurane and alters hippocampal morphology via decitabine-sensitive mechanisms.

Background: Deficiencies in neurocognitive function have been found in late childhood or adolescence in patients who had prolonged and/or repeated early-life general anesthesia. Animal studies suggest that anesthetic-induced impairment in the neuron-specific K-2Cl (Kcc2) Cl exporter expression, which regulates developmental maturation of GABA type A receptor (GABAR) signaling from excitatory to inhibitory, may play a mediating role. We tested whether the DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitor decitabine ameliorates the anesthetic's adverse effects.

Construction of a hierarchical-structured MgO-carbon nanocomposite from a metal-organic complex for efficient CO capture and organic pollutant removal.

Rational engineering of the architecture and structure of an adsorbent material is essential for high-performance adsorption. Herein, a porous nanocomposite composed of MgO and carbon species (MgO/C) with a hierarchical architecture is fabricated via the simple pyrolysis of a Mg-containing metal-organic complex. Our investigations reveal that with the unique architectural and chemical characteristics, MgO/C performs as a remarkable solid adsorbent for gas adsorption and wastewater treatment.

Effect of CYP2C19 Gene Polymorphisms on Proton Pump Inhibitor, Amoxicillin, and Levofloxacin Triple Therapy for Eradication of Helicobacter Pylori.

BACKGROUND The effects of PPI are variable owing to the CYP2C19 polymorphisms. However, whether the polymorphisms could affect the Hp eradication efficacy of triple therapy is still not clear. The present study aimed to assess the effects of CYP2C19 gene polymorphisms on proton pump inhibitor (PPI), amoxicillin, and levofloxacin triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori (Hp) eradication.

High-throughput flowing upstream sperm sorting in a retarding flow field for human semen analysis.

In this paper, we propose a microfluidic device capable of generating a retarding flow field for the sorting and separation of human motile sperm in a high-throughput manner. The proposed sorting/separation process begins with a rapid flow field in a straight-flow zone to carry sperm into a sorting zone to maintain the sperm's mobility. The sorting zone consists of a diffuser-type sperm sorter to differentiate sperm with different motilities based on the flowing upstream nature of human sperm in a retarding flow field.

Plant adaptation or acclimation to rising CO ? Insight from first multigenerational RNA-Seq transcriptome.

Atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO ) directly determines the rate of plant photosynthesis and indirectly effects plant productivity and fitness and may therefore act as a selective pressure driving evolution, but evidence to support this contention is sparse. Using Plantago lanceolata L. seed collected from a naturally high CO spring and adjacent ambient CO control site, we investigated multigenerational response to future, elevated atmospheric CO .