Barriers to Surveillance Mammography Adherence in Korean Breast Cancer Survivors.

Objectives: To identify barriers to surveillance mammography adherence in Korean breast cancer survivors (BCSs), which is crucial for early detection of recurrence and new cancers.

Sample & Setting: 195 BCSs were recruited from a breast cancer clinic and its support groups at a South Korean hospital.

Methods & Variables: This descriptive study used a cross-sectional design.

Mitochondrial DNA mosaicism in normal human somatic cells.

Somatic cells accumulate genomic alterations with age; however, our understanding of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mosaicism remains limited. Here we investigated the genomes of 2,096 clones derived from three cell types across 31 donors, identifying 6,451 mtDNA variants with heteroplasmy levels of ≳0.3%.

Association between Homocysteine and Vitamin D Levels in Asymptomatic Korean Adults.

An increased homocysteine level is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, venous thromboembolism, cerebrovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease. In addition, vitamin D deficiency is associated with coronary artery disease and metabolic disorders. The present study included data from 1375 adults (895 men and 480 women) with a mean age of 52.

Sunflower seed extract supplementation reduces body fat in adults with obesity: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.

Obesity is an important public health problem and socioeconomic burden. We hypothesized that an intake of sunflower seed extract (SUN-CA) would decrease body fat and then investigated the effects and safety of SUN-CA intake on body fat in adults with obesity as an option for obesity treatment. In this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study, 100 adults with body mass indices of 25 to 31.

Associations between Dietary Patterns and Metabolic Syndrome: Findings of the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a multifactorial cluster of metabolic disorders related to cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diet and dietary patterns are significant factors in the development and management of MetS. The associations between dietary patterns (i.

Widespread somatic L1 retrotransposition in normal colorectal epithelium.

Throughout an individual's lifetime, genomic alterations accumulate in somatic cells. However, the mutational landscape induced by retrotransposition of long interspersed nuclear element-1 (L1), a widespread mobile element in the human genome, is poorly understood in normal cells. Here we explored the whole-genome sequences of 899 single-cell clones established from three different cell types collected from 28 individuals.

Angstrom-Confined Electrochemical Synthesis of Sub-Unit-Cell Non-Van Der Waals 2D Metal Oxides.

Bottom-up electrochemical synthesis of atomically thin materials is desirable yet challenging, especially for non-van der Waals (non-vdW) materials. Thicknesses below a few nanometers have not been reported yet, posing the question how thin can non-vdW materials be electrochemically synthesized. This is important as materials with (sub-)unit-cell thickness often show remarkably different properties compared to their bulk form or thin films of several nanometers thickness.

Laser-Induced Phase Transition and Patterning of hBN-Encapsulated MoTe.

Transition metal dichalcogenides exhibit phase transitions through atomic migration when triggered by various stimuli, such as strain, doping, and annealing. However, since atomically thin 2D materials are easily damaged and evaporated from these strategies, studies on the crystal structure and composition of transformed 2D phases are limited. Here, the phase and composition change behavior of laser-irradiated molybdenum ditelluride (MoTe ) in various stacked geometry are investigated, and the stable laser-induced phase patterning in hexagonal boron nitride (hBN)-encapsulated MoTe is demonstrated.

Sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults is associated with the diversity and composition of the gut microbiota.

Sarcopenia is a prognostic indicator of negative consequences in older adults, including physical disability, frailty, and mortality. Few studies have investigated the associations between sarcopenia and the gut microbiota. We sought such associations in community-dwelling older adults aged ≥60 years.

Fat-to-muscle Ratio: A New Indicator for Coronary Artery Disease in Healthy Adults.

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is an important issue in public health. Previous studies have shown that the ratio of fat to muscle mass is a significant predictor of metabolic disease, and it is known to be associated with atherosclerosis. In this study, we evaluated the association between the fat-to-muscle ratio (FMR) and CAD in healthy adults.

Tumor hypoxia represses γδ T cell-mediated antitumor immunity against brain tumors.

The anatomic location and immunologic characteristics of brain tumors result in strong lymphocyte suppression. Consequently, conventional immunotherapies targeting CD8 T cells are ineffective against brain tumors. Tumor cells escape immunosurveillance by various mechanisms and tumor cell metabolism can affect the metabolic states and functions of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes.

Multilevel Latent Class Profile Analysis: An Application to Stage-Sequential Patterns of Alcohol Use in a Sample of Canadian Youth.

Recently, latent class analysis (LCA) and its variants have been proposed to identify subgroups of individuals who follow similar sequential patterns of latent class membership for longitudinal study. A primary assumption underlying the family of LCA is that individual observations are independent. In many applications, however, particularly in research on adolescent substance use, individuals are often dependent because of multilevel data structure, where the unit of observation (e.

Development and Evaluation of an Algorithm-Corresponding Instrument for Nursing Simulation.

Background: This study aimed to develop and validate an assessment instrument for students engaging with an algorithm-based simulation scenario addressing emergency measures for high-risk newborns with apnea in a neonatal intensive care unit.

Method: The study was conducted in two phases of development and evaluation of the algorithm-corresponding instrument. One hundred sixty-nine senior nursing students from two universities in South Korea were evaluated using the developed instrument.

Development and usability of a Hands-On Assessment Tool for Child Health: The HATCH.

Aim: To develop a comprehensive, hands-on assessment tool for assessing health in children under five in underserved regions.

Design: Methodological study design and usability testing were used.

Sample: Eight nurses working at two health posts and 261 children under five living in the migrant villages participated in the study.

[Evaluation of a Community-based Child (Infants and Toddlers) Health Promotion Pilot Project in a Migrant Village in Kyrgyzstan].

Purpose: Children in migrant villages in Kyrgyzstan have a high incidence of anemia and need effective health promotion programs. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a pilot study of a health promotion project for infants and toddlers based on community participation.

Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the project.

The effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on body weight and food consumption in obese adults: A randomized controlled study.

Background: Although some studies have reported significant reductions in food cravings following the single-session of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), there is little research on the effects of multi-session of rTMS on food consumption and body weight in obese subjects.

Objective: We conducted 4-week randomized, sham-controlled, single-blind, parallel-group trial to examine the effect of rTMS on body weight in obese adults.

Methods: Forty-three obese patients (body mass index [BMI] ≥25 kg/m) aged between 18 and 70 years were randomized to the sham or real treatment group (21 in the TMS group and 22 in the sham treatment group).

Are There Differences in Hair Mineral Concentrations Between Metabolically Healthy and Unhealthy Obese Adults?

Obesity is a risk factor for metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemia, hypertension, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease. However, obesity is not a homogenous state and not all subjects in an obese population are at an increased risk for metabolic abnormalities. Thus, obesity types can be subdivided into metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) according to metabolic status.

Community health needs assessment for a child health promotion program in Kyrgyzstan.

Despite over 10 years of support from government health programs and health organizations, children in migrant villages in Kyrgyzstan remain a public concern owing to high incidence rates of preventable diseases such as anemia. An effective community health promotion program is needed but there is a lack of knowledge of community barriers and health factors affecting children's health in these migrant villages. The purpose of this study was to conduct a community health needs assessment to develop strategies for a child health promotion program in these migrant villages.

The effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on eating behaviors and body weight in obesity: A randomized controlled study.

Background: Although some studies have reported significant reductions in food cravings following repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), none have examined changes in body weight.

Objective: We conducted 2-week randomized, sham-controlled, single-blind, parallel-group trial to examine the effect of rTMS on body weight in obese patients.

Methods: Sixty obese patients (body mass index [BMI] ≥25 kg/m) aged between 18 and 65 years were recruited.

Association between the Time of Length since Smoking Cessation and Insulin Resistance in Asymptomatic Korean Male Ex-Smokers.

Aim: Smoking is a major risk factor for diabetes mellitus, mainly due to decreased insulin secretion and increased insulin resistance. However, there has been little research on the effects of smoking cessation period on changes in insulin resistance. In this study, we investigated the relationships between the length of time since smoking cessation period and insulin resistance in asymptomatic Korean male ex-smokers.

Differential Association of Metabolic Risk Factors with Open Angle Glaucoma according to Obesity in a Korean Population.

The associations of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) with intraocular pressure and primary open angle glaucoma (OAG) have been reported. This study aimed to determine whether a difference in association exists between OAG and metabolic risk factors according to obesity status among Korean adults. A total of 8,816 participants (≥40 years) in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were classified into obese, body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m and non-obese, BMI < 25 kg/m.

Development of a multimedia model (POPsLTEA) to assess the influence of climate change on the fate and transport of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in East Asia.

A dynamic multimedia model (POPsLTEA) for an East Asia region was developed and evaluated to quantitatively assess how climate change (CC) alters the environmental fate and transport dynamics of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in air, water, soil, and sediment. To cover the entire model domain (25°N-50°N and 98°E-148°E) where China, Japan, and South and North Koreas are of primary concern, a total of 5000 main cells of 50km×50km size were used while 1008 cells of a finer spatial resolution (12.5km×12.

Relationship between deep subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue and metabolic syndrome: a case control study.

Background: The deep subcutaneous adipose tissue (dSAT) is closely related to the obesity-associated complications similarly to the characteristics of visceral adipose tissue (VAT). However, the association between dSAT and metabolic syndrome (MS) is unclear. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the association of distinct abdominal adipose tissue with the cardiometabolic risk factors and MS.

Association of Metabolic Syndrome with the Cardioankle Vascular Index in Asymptomatic Korean Population.

Aim: Metabolic syndrome is characterized by a cluster of atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk factors. The cardioankle vascular index (CAVI) reflects arterial stiffness and may be used as an indicator of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. In this study, we investigated the association of CAVI with metabolic syndrome.