Exploring the Smoking-Epilepsy Nexus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies : Smoking and epilepsy.

Background: Epilepsy, characterized by recurrent unprovoked seizures, poses significant challenges to affected individuals globally. While several established risk factors for epilepsy exist, the association with cigarette smoking remains debated. This study aims to conduct systematic review and meta-analysis to elucidate the potential association between smoking and the likelihood of epilepsy.