Dose-dependent serological profiling of AdCLD-CoV19-1 vaccine in adults.

AdCLD-CoV19-1, a chimeric adenovirus-based severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine, was previously reported to elicit robust antibody responses in mice and non-human primates after a single dose. In this study, we conducted a systems serology analysis to investigate changes in humoral immune responses induced by varying doses of the AdCLD-CoV19-1 vaccine in a phase I clinical trial. Serum samples from participants receiving either a low or a high dose of the vaccine were analyzed for antibody features against prototype SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) domains (full-length S, S1, S2, and receptor binding domain), as well as Fc receptor binding and effector functions.

Microcystis abundance is predictable through ambient bacterial communities: A data-oriented approach.

The number of cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (cyanoHABs) has increased, leading to the widespread development of prediction models for cyanoHABs. Although bacteria interact closely with cyanobacteria and directly affect cyanoHABs occurrence, related modeling studies have rarely utilized microbial community data compared to environmental data such as water quality. In this study, we built a machine learning model, the multilayer perceptron (MLP), for the prediction of Microcystis dynamics using both bacterial community and weekly water quality data from the Daechung Reservoir and Nakdong River, South Korea.

MLPH is a novel adipogenic factor controlling redox homeostasis to inhibit lipid peroxidation in adipocytes.

Abnormal adipose tissue formation is associated with metabolic disorders such as obesity, diabetes, and liver and cardiovascular diseases. Thus, identifying the novel factors that control adipogenesis is crucial for understanding these conditions and developing targeted treatments. In this study, we identified the melanosome-related factor MLPH as a novel adipogenic factor.

Undibacterium cyanobacteriorum sp. nov., an auxin-producing bacterium isolated from fresh water during cyanobacterial bloom period.

A novel Gram-negative, white-pigmented, and auxin-producing strain, 20NA77.5, was isolated from fresh water during cyanobacterial bloom period. Pairwise comparison of the 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain 20NA77.

Succession of particle-attached and free-living bacterial communities in response to microalgal dynamics induced by the biological cyanocide paucibactin A.

Microalgae, including cyanobacteria and eukaryotic algae, are hotspots of primary production and play a critical role in global carbon cycling. However, these species often form blooms that poses a threat to aquatic ecosystems. Although the use of bacteria-derived cyanocides is regarded as an environmentally friendly method for controlling cyanobacterial blooms, only a few studies have examined their potential impact on ecosystems.

Effect of rainfall in shaping microbial community during Microcystis bloom in Nakdong River, Korea.

Various environmental factors play a role in the formation and collapse of Microcystis blooms. This study investigates the impact of heavy rainfall on cyanobacterial abundance, microbial community composition, and functional dynamics in the Nakdong River, South Korea, during typical and exceptionally rainy years. The results reveal distinct responses to rainfall variations, particularly in cyanobacterial dominance and physicochemical characteristics.

Differences in patient-reported and clinical characteristics by age group in adults with type 2 diabetes.

Background: The global burden of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is growing, and the age of onset is widening, resulting in increasing numbers of young adults and elderly patients with T2D. Age-specific diabetes care needs have yet to be fully explored.

Aims: This study examined (1) differences in patient-reported and clinical characteristics by age group and (2) the effect of age on two proxy measures assessing psychological health and self-care adherence after adjusting for potential mediators.

Optimization and evaluation of Atrina pectinata polysaccharides recovered by subcritical water extraction: A promising path to natural products.

In this study, the recovery of Atrina pectinata posterior adductor polysaccharides (APP-PS) using subcritical water extraction (SWE) was optimized by response surface methodology (RSM) and the physicochemical and biological properties of the recovered APP-PS were evaluated. The optimal extraction conditions, which resulted in a maximum yield of 55.58 ± 1.

Emticicia fluvialis sp. nov., a potential hormone-degrading bacterium isolated from Nakdong River, Republic of Korea.

A novel species of the genus Emticicia, designated BHSR1, was isolated from a water sample that was collected from the Nakdong River, Republic of Korea, and its taxonomic affiliation was studied using a polyphasic approach. This bacterium was Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, aerobic, curved, rod-shaped, and oxidase- and catalase-negative. The bacterium grew optimally at 37 °C, pH 7.

Effects of Cardiorespiratory Fitness on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors and Telomere Length by Age and Obesity.

Background: This study investigates differences in telomere length according to obesity, cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, and fitness level in South Korean males.

Methods: The subjects of this study were males in their 10s to 50s (n=249). We measured obesity indices, CVD risk factors, leukocyte telomere length (LTL), and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF).

Comparisons of Psycho-Behavioral Factors, Body Composition, and Clinical Outcomes in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes by Perceived Hypoglycemia.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to examine the associations between perceived hypoglycemia and psycho-behavioral and clinical factors in persons with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods: Adults with T2D were recruited from outpatient clinics in a university hospital in Korea. Sociodemographics, psycho-behavioral and clinical factors, and body composition were assessed.

Exploring Bioactive Compounds in Brown Seaweeds Using Subcritical Water: A Comprehensive Analysis.

In this study, we characterized the bioactive properties of three important brown seaweed species, , , and , by subcritical water extraction (SWE), as these species are well known for their beneficial health effects. Their physiochemical properties, including potential antioxidant, antihypertensive, and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, and the antibacterial activity of the hydroysates were also analyzed. The highest total phlorotannin, total sugar content, and reducing sugar content in the hydrolysates were 38.

NPFFR2 Contributes to the Malignancy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Development by Activating RhoA/YAP Signaling.

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are a diverse family of cell surface receptors implicated in various physiological functions, making them common targets for approved drugs. Many GPCRs are abnormally activated in cancers and have emerged as therapeutic targets for cancer. Neuropeptide FF receptor 2 (NPFFR2) is a GPCR that helps regulate pain and modulates the opioid system; however, its function remains unknown in cancers.

Moderate-Intensity Exercise Preserves Bone Mineral Density and Improves Femoral Trabecular Bone Microarchitecture in Middle-Aged Mice.

Background: Aging leads to significant bone loss and elevated osteoporosis risk. Exercise slows age-related bone loss; however, the effects of various moderate-intensity exercise training volumes on bone metabolism remain unclear. This study aimed to determine the degree to which different volumes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise training influence bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC), femoral trabecular bone microarchitecture, and cortical bone in middle-aged mice.

Assessing the microcystins concentration through optimized protein phosphatase inhibition assay in environmental samples.

Protein phosphatase (PPase) inhibition assay (PPIA) is widely used to analyze the concentration of microcystins (MCs) because it is comparatively less expensive and faster than other assays. This study aimed to optimize the PPIA by determining a suitable reaction terminator and an optimal methanol concentration in the sample. The most suitable reaction time was 90 min, with the corresponding methanol concentration in the sample being 15% or less.

Trabecular Bone Microarchitecture Improvement Is Associated With Skeletal Nerve Increase Following Aerobic Exercise Training in Middle-Aged Mice.

Advancing age is associated with bone loss and an increased risk of osteoporosis. Exercise training improves bone metabolism and peripheral nerve regeneration, and may play a critical role in osteogenesis and increase in skeletal nerve fiber density. In this study, the potential positive role of aerobic exercise training in bone metabolism and skeletal nerve regeneration was comprehensively evaluated in 14-month-old male C57BL/6 mice.

Different Algicidal Modes of the Two Bacteria HYD0802-MK36 and KACC10292 against Harmful Cyanobacteria .

Blooms of harmful cyanobacteria lead to an adverse effect on freshwater ecosystems, and thus extensive studies on the control of this cyanobacteria's blooms have been conducted. Throughout this study, we have found that the two bacteria HYD0802-MK36 and KACC10292 are capable of killing . Interestingly, these two bacteria showed different algicidal modes.

2020 Korean Society for the Study of Obesity Guidelines for the Management of Obesity in Korea.

Obesity is a prevalent and complex disease. The prevalence of obesity in Korea increased from 29.7% in 2010 to 35.

The Anabolic Response to Dietary Protein Is Not Limited by the Maximal Stimulation of Protein Synthesis in Healthy Older Adults: A Randomized Crossover Trial.

We have recently demonstrated in young adults that an anabolic response with mixed meal protein intake above ~35 g/meal, previously recognized as an "optimal" protein dose, was further stimulated. However, it is unknown if this applies to older adults. We therefore examined anabolic response to a mixed meal containing either 35 g (MOD, moderate amount of protein) or 70 g (HIGH, high amount of protein) in a randomized cross-over metabolic study in older adults ( = 8).

Nitrogen Stimulates -Dominated Blooms More than Phosphorus in River Conditions That Favor Non-Nitrogen-Fixing Genera.

Despite the implementation of intensive phosphorus reduction measures, periodic outbreaks of cyanobacterial blooms in large rivers remain a problem in Korea, raising the need for more effective solutions to reduce their occurrence. This study sought to evaluate whether phosphorus or nitrogen limitation is an effective approach to control cyanobacterial () blooms in river conditions that favor this non-nitrogen-fixing genus. These conditions include nutrient enrichment, high water temperature, and thermal stratification during summer.

Males with Obesity and Overweight.

Global average data suggest that the prevalence of obese and overweight males is much higher than that of females in some regions. The gender gap in obese and overweight individuals has deepened in many countries, and the gap is more prominent in overweight than in obesity. In particular, the prevalence of male obesity has continuously increased in the Republic of Korea over the past two decades, whereas the increase in female obesity has slowed and may even have plateaued.

Erratum: Comparison of performance-related physical fitness and anaerobic power between Korean wheelchair badminton national and backup players.

[This corrects the article on p. 663 in vol. 15, PMID: 31723554.

Effects of Exercise on the Body Composition and Lipid Profile of Individuals with Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Numerous researchers have worked to develop treatments for obesity; however, the prevalence of obesity continues to increase in many countries. Moreover, the effects of physical activity and exercise on obesity remain unclear. Therefore, it is necessary to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the relationship between exercise and obesity using mediator variables such as the mode of exercise.

Comparison of performance-related physical fitness and anaerobic power between Korean wheelchair badminton national and backup players.

The purpose of this study was to compare performance-related physical fitness factors and anaerobic power between national and backup players to enhance the performance of wheelchair badminton players and to discover and foster new athletes. This study included 12 wheel-chair badminton players divided into two groups: national players (n=7) and backup players (n=5). Collected data included cardiorespiratory endurance, muscle endurance, muscle strength, power, agility, and anaerobic power.