A Head-to-Head Comparative Study of the Replication-Competent Vaccinia Virus and AAV1-Based Malaria Vaccine versus RTS,S/AS01 in Murine Models.

: We developed a multistage vaccine using a heterologous prime-boost immunization strategy. This involved priming with a highly attenuated, replication-competent vaccinia virus strain LC16m8Δ (m8Δ) and boosting with adeno-associated virus type 1 (AAV1). This approach demonstrated 100% efficacy in both protection and transmission-blocking in a murine model.

Maturation of the medaka immune system depends on reciprocal interactions between the microbiota and the intestinal tract.

The interactions between the host immune system and intestinal microorganisms have been studied in many animals, including fish. However, a detailed analysis has not been performed in medaka, an established fish model for biological studies. Here, we investigated the effect of immunodeficiency on the microbiota composition and the effect of gut bacteria on intestinal epithelial development and immune responses in medaka.

Accuracy of Cardiac Output Measured by Fourth-Generation FloTrac and LiDCOrapid, and Their Characteristics Regarding Systemic Vascular Resistance in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery.

Objectives: The clinical use of less-invasive devices that calculate the cardiac output from arterial pressure waveform is increasing. The authors aimed to evaluate the accuracy and characteristics of the systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI) of the cardiac index measured by 2 less-invasive devices, fourth-generation FloTrac (CI) and LiDCOrapid (CI), compared with the intermittent thermodilution technique, using a pulmonary artery catheter (CI).

Design: This was a prospective observational study.

Self-assembled polydopamine nanoparticles improve treatment in Parkinson's disease model mice and suppress dopamine-induced dyskinesia.

Although Levodopa (l-DOPA), a dopamine precursor, exhibits a high risk of dyskinesia, it remains the primary treatment in Parkinson's disease (PD), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder. In this study, we designed poly(l-DOPA)-based self-assembled nanodrug (Nano) from amphiphilic block copolymer possessing poly(l-DOPA(OAc)), which is a precursor of l-DOPA as a hydrophobic segment, for treatment in a PD model mouse. Under physiological enzyme treatment, the poly(l-DOPA(OAc)) in the block copolymer was hydrolyzed to liberate l-DOPA gradually.