Highly Durable Rh Single Atom Catalyst Modulated by Surface Defects on Fe-Ce Oxide Solid Solution.

Forming defect sites on catalyst supports and immobilizing precious metal atoms at these sites offers an efficient approach for preparing single-atom catalysts. In this study, we employed an Fe-Ce oxide solid solution (FC), which has surface oxygen that reduces more readily than that of ceria, to anchor Rh single atoms (Rh). When utilized in the selective catalytic reduction of NO with CO (CO-SCR), Rh/FC reduced at 500 °C-characterized by less oxidic Rh state induced by an oxygen-deficient coordination-exhibited superior activity and durability compared to Rh/ceria and Rh/FC reduced at 300 °C.

HDAC6-MYCN-CXCL3 axis mediates allergic inflammation and is necessary for allergic inflammation-promoted cellular interactions.

Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) has been shown to play an important role in allergic inflammation. This study hypothesized that novel downstream targets of HDAC6 would mediate allergic inflammation. Experiments employing HDAC6 knock out C57BL/6 mice showed that HDAC6 mediated passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) and passive systemic anaphylaxis (PSA).

Easily Scalable Shell-Structured Copper Catalyst with High Activity and Durability for Carbon Dioxide Hydrogenation.

Inducing strong metal-support interaction (SMSI) has been a useful way to control the structure of surface active sites. The SMSI often causes the encapsulation of metal particles with an oxide layer. Herein, an amorphous ceria shell was formed on Cu nanoparticles under a mild gas condition with high activity and durability for surface reaction.

Gas-Permeable Iron-Doped Ceria Shell on Rh Nanoparticles with High Activity and Durability.

Strong metal-support interaction (SMSI) is a promising strategy to control the structure of the supported metal catalyst. Especially, encapsulating metal nanoparticles through SMSI can enhance resistance against sintering but typically blocks the access of reactants onto the metal surface. Here, we report gas-permeable shells formed on Rh nanoparticles with enhanced activity and durability for the surface reaction.

Highly Durable Heterogeneous Atomic Catalysts.

ConspectusSingle-atom catalysts (SACs), in which surface metal atoms are isolated on the surface of a support, have received a tremendous amount of attention recently because this structure would utilize precious metals fully, without occluding atoms inside nanoparticles, and enable unique surface reactions which typical nanoparticle catalysts cannot induce. Various synthesis methods and characterization techniques have been reported that yield enhanced activity and selectivity. The single-atom structures were realized on various supports such as metal oxide/carbide/nitride, porous materials derived from zeolite or metal-organic frameworks, and carbon-based materials.

Direct Observation of Rhodium Ex-Solution from a Ceria Nanodomain and Its Use for Hydrogen Production via Propane Steam Reforming.

The ex-solution phenomenon has received attention as a promising technique to prepare highly durable heterogeneous catalysts. Perovskite materials have been mainly used as host oxides for ex-solution, but their small surface areas have limited their practical use. Here, Rh was ex-solved by reducing Rh-doped ceria solid solution, and nanosized Rh catalysts with a high surface area of 70.

HDAC6 and CXCL13 Mediate Atopic Dermatitis by Regulating Cellular Interactions and Expression Levels of miR-9 and SIRT1.

Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) has been known to regulate inflammatory diseases. The role of HDAC6 in allergic skin inflammation has not been studied. We studied the role of HDAC6 in atopic dermatitis (AD) and the mechanisms associated with it.

Climate predicts both visible and near-infrared reflectance in butterflies.

Climatic gradients frequently predict large-scale ecogeographical patterns in animal coloration, but the underlying causes are often difficult to disentangle. We examined ecogeographical patterns of reflectance among 343 European butterfly species and isolated the role of selection for thermal benefits by comparing animal-visible and near-infrared (NIR) wavebands. NIR light accounts for ~50% of solar energy but cannot be seen by animals so functions primarily in thermal control.

Diacetyl odor shortens longevity conferred by food deprivation in C. elegans via downregulation of DAF-16/FOXO.

Dietary restriction extends lifespan in various organisms by reducing the levels of both nutrients and non-nutritional food-derived cues. However, the identity of specific food-derived chemical cues that alter lifespan remains unclear. Here, we identified several volatile attractants that decreased the longevity on food deprivation, a dietary restriction regimen in Caenorhabditis elegans.

Assessing the Morphological Impacts of Ammonoid Shell Shape through Systematic Shape Variation.

A substantial body of research has been accumulated around ammonoids over several decades. A core aspect of this research has been attempting to infer their life mode from analysis of the morphology of their shells and the drag they incur as that shell is pushed through the water. Tools such as Westermann Morphospace have been developed to investigate and scaffold hypotheses about the results of these investigations.

Synthesis of New Triarylpyrazole Derivatives Possessing Terminal Sulfonamide Moiety and Their Inhibitory Effects on PGE₂ and Nitric Oxide Productions in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced RAW 264.7 Macrophages.

This article describes the design, synthesis, and in vitro anti-inflammatory screening of new triarylpyrazole derivatives. A total of 34 new compounds were synthesized containing a terminal arylsulfonamide moiety and a different linker between the sulfonamide and pyridine ring at position 4 of the pyrazole ring. All the target compounds were tested for both cytotoxicity and nitric oxide (NO) production inhibition in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.