Metformin Attenuates Tau Pathology in Tau-Seeded PS19 Mice.

Accumulation of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) composed of hyperphosphorylated tau is a histopathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related tauopathies. Growing evidence demonstrated that tau pathology in AD spreads in a prion-like manner. Previous studies showed that metformin might have a positive effect on cognition.

DEPDC1B collaborates with GABRD to regulate ESCC progression.

Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide with a poor prognosis. Given that DEPDC1B plays a key role in multiple cancers, the role of this molecule in ESCC was explored to identify potential targets for ESCC patients.

Method: The expression level of DEPDC1B in ESCC was revealed based on the TCGA database and immunohistochemical experiments on clinical tissues.

CLEC14A was up-regulated in hepatocellular carcinoma and may function as a potential diagnostic biomarker.

Objective: The current work aimed to investigate the expression and potential clinical significance of C-type Lectin domain family 14 (CLEC14A) in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Methods: The relative expressions of CLEC14A in the Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) tissue and adjacent normal tissue of 105 HCC patients were examined using RT-qPCR methods. Furthermore, Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn for exploring the diagnostic value of CLEC14A.

Circulating tumor cell methylation profiles reveal the classification and evolution of non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: The ability of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) to identify lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) could improve pathological diagnosis and the selection of treatments for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Previous studies have shown that deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methylation exhibits cell and tissue specificity. Thus, we aimed to explore the methylation status of CTCs in LUAD and LUSC and identify the potential biomarkers.

Narciclasine induces autophagy-mediated apoptosis in gastric cancer cells through the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.

Background: Gastric cancer is a common gastrointestinal cancer and currently has the third-highest mortality rate. Research shows that the natural compound narciclasine has a variety of biological activities. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of narciclasine on gastric cancer cells and its molecular mechanisms and determine whether this compound could be a novel therapy for gastric cancer.

Exosomal O-GlcNAc transferase from esophageal carcinoma stem cell promotes cancer immunosuppression through up-regulation of PD-1 in CD8 T cells.

Esophageal carcinoma stem cells (ECSCs) are responsible for the initiation and therapy-resistance of esophageal cancer. Nutrient sensor O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) promoted the growth and metastasis of cancer cells. However, the contributions of OGT to the tumorigenesis of ECSCs remain largely uncover.

Development and Validation of a 12-Gene Immune Relevant Prognostic Signature for Lung Adenocarcinoma Through Machine Learning Strategies.

Although immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors is changing the face of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) treatments, only limited patients could benefit from it. Therefore, we aimed to develop an immune-relevant-gene-based signature to predict LUAD patients' prognosis and to characterize their tumor microenvironment thus guiding therapeutic strategy. Gene expression data of LUAD patients from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were systematically analyzed.

Preoperative 3-dimensional computed tomography lung simulation before video-assisted thoracoscopic anatomic segmentectomy for ground glass opacity in lung.

Background: Three-dimensional (3D) simulation of pulmonary vessels and the space between the lesion and adjacent tissues may improve the safety and accuracy of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) for lung. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 3D simulation on the outcome of VATS segmentectomy for ground glass opacity (GGO) in lung.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 68 cases of small (≤2 cm) GGO, which were diagnosed as cT1aN0M0 lung cancer, from May 1, 2016 to February 28, 2017 in our institute.

Transaxillary uniportal video assisted thoracoscopic surgery for right upper lobectomy.

Uniportal video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) was growing popular since its first introduction. Based on the conventional uniportal VATS, we modified the technique and introduced transaxillary uniportal VATS lobectomy in this case report. In March 2017, transaxillary uniportal VATS was firstly attempted on a patient suffering from right upper lobe lesion at the Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University.

Up-regulation Of EIF3e Is Associated with The Progression of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Poor Prognosis in Patients.

: Esophageal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world. Eukaryotic translation initiation factors 3e (eIF3e) makes a notable difference in the initiation of protein synthesis and tumor progression. However, the role of eIF3e in ESCC has not been revealed yet.

Microinvasive segmentectomy in a sculpting manner: a case of VATS left S segmentectomy.

A ground-glass opacity (GGO) lesion was discovered in a 64-year-old female 1 year ago. One month before administration, a follow-up CT showed the lesion in the apical segment of left upper lobe had increased from 8 to 11 mm in diameter. The lesion was diagnosed to be cT1aN0M0 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and a 3-port video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) anatomic segmentectomy was performed.

Risk factors of myasthenic crisis after thymectomy for thymoma patients with myasthenia gravis.

Objectives: Total thymectomy should be performed on thymoma patients with myasthenia gravis. The aim of the present study was to investigate the risk factors of postoperative myasthenic crisis (POMC) occurrence in these patients.

Methods: The clinical records of 127 thymoma patients with myasthenia gravis (68 men, 59 women; median age, 50 years) who underwent total thymectomy at our institution from 2005 to 2014 were retrospectively reviewed.

Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3B accelerates the progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by activating β-catenin signaling pathway.

Introduction: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most aggressive malignant tumors. Eukaryotic translation initiation factors 3B (EIF3B) is considered to influence tumor proliferation, invasion, apoptosis and cell cycle, which act together to promote the progression of tumors. However, the role of EIF3B in ESCC is unknown.

Pedicle muscle flap transposition for chronic empyema with persistent bronchopleural fistula: experience of a single clinical center in China.

Purpose: The management of chronic empyema with persistent bronchopleural fistula (BPF) is a major challenge for surgeons. We report our experience of performing pedicle muscle flap transposition for chronic empyema with BPF in a clinical center in China.

Methods: The subjects of this study were 13 patients with postoperative chronic empyema and persistent BPF.

Lymph node metastasis in clinical stage IA peripheral lung cancer.

Objectives: To investigate lymph node metastasis especially the intrapulmonary node in clinical IA peripheral lung cancer patients to evaluate the indications for lung segmentectomy in lymph node level.

Materials And Methods: Patients (n=292) with clinical stage IA peripheral lung cancer received radical lobectomy at our department between October 2013 and July 2014 were enrolled in our study. Lymph nodes were obtained during routine surgical procedures while segmental lymph nodes were dissected from the resected lobe for pathological examination.

Clinical and biological significance of stem-like CD133(+)CXCR4(+) cells in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Objectives: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is one of the most frequent malignant tumors. Cancer stem cells are considered to be responsible for tumor growth, metastasis, and recurrence. Cluster of differentiation 133 (CD133) and C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) are frequently applied markers for the identification and isolation of cancer stem cells.

USP7 overexpression predicts a poor prognosis in lung squamous cell carcinoma and large cell carcinoma.

In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), both USP7 expression and p53 gene status were reported to be an indicator of poor prognosis in adenocarcinoma patients; however, its roles and mechanisms in lung squamous cell carcinoma and large cell carcinoma need to be clarified. The USP7 expression was examined in NSCLC tumors (excluding adenocarcinoma), their corresponding non-tumorous tissues, and NSCLC cells. Then, the prognostic role of USP7 was analyzed in 110 NSCLC samples (excluding the adenocarcinoma).

Expression and prognostic roles of TRPV5 and TRPV6 in non-small cell lung cancer after curative resection.

Purpose: We investigated the expression of epithelial Ca2+ channel transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV) 5 and 6 in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and assessed their prognostic role in patients after surgical resection.

Materials And Methods: From January 2008 to January 2009, 145 patients who had undergone surgical resection of NSCLCs were enrolled in the study. Patient clinical characteristics were retrospectively reviewed.

Screening of differentially expressed genes related to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and functional analysis with DNA microarrays.

The aim of this study was to find disease-associated genes and gene functions in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) with DNA microarrays. We downloaded the gene expression profile GSE20347 from the Gene Expression Omnibus database including 17 ESCC and 17 matched normal adjacent tissue samples. Compared with normal samples, the probe level data were pre-processed and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified (FDR <0.

Validation and target gene screening of hsa-miR-205 in lung squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Lung cancers are classified as squamous cell carcinoma (SQ), adenocarcinoma (AC) and small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). SQ is the major subtype of lung cancer. Currently, there are no targeted therapies for SQ due to lack of understanding its driving oncogenes.

Association between TERT rs2736100 polymorphism and lung cancer susceptibility: evidence from 22 case-control studies.

The 5p15.33 locus has been recently identified to associate with multiple cancer types including lung, urinary bladder, prostate, and cervical cancer, based on its critical role in the maintenance of telomere, chromosome stability, and ultimately preventing normal cell malignance. TERT (human telomerase reverse transcriptase) is an attractive candidate gene for the 5p15.

miR-140 suppresses tumor growth and metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer by targeting insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small noncoding RNA molecules that play important roles in carcinogenesis and tumor progression. In this study, we investigated the roles and mechanisms of miR-140 in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We found that miR-140 is significantly downregulated in NSCLC tissues and cell lines.

Two microRNA panels to discriminate three subtypes of lung carcinoma in bronchial brushing specimens.

Rationale: Effective treatment for lung cancer requires accuracy in subclassification of carcinoma subtypes.

Objectives: To identify microRNAs in bronchial brushing specimens for discriminating small cell lung cancer (SCLC) from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and for further differentiating squamous cell carcinoma (SQ) from adenocarcinoma (AC).

Methods: Microarrays were used to screen 723 microRNAs in laser-captured, microdissected cancer cells from 82 snap-frozen surgical lung specimens.

Abl-1-bridged tyrosine phosphorylation of VASP by Abelson kinase impairs association of VASP to focal adhesions and regulates leukaemic cell adhesion.

Mena [mammalian Ena (Enabled)]/VASP (vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein) proteins are the homologues of Drosophila Ena. In Drosophila, Ena is a substrate of the tyrosine kinase DAbl (Drosophila Abl). However, the link between Abl and the Mena/VASP family is not fully understood in mammals.