Repair of segmental bone defect using Totally Vitalized tissue engineered bone graft by a combined perfusion seeding and culture system.

Background: The basic strategy to construct tissue engineered bone graft (TEBG) is to combine osteoblastic cells with three dimensional (3D) scaffold. Based on this strategy, we proposed the "Totally Vitalized TEBG" (TV-TEBG) which was characterized by abundant and homogenously distributed cells with enhanced cell proliferation and differentiation and further investigated its biological performance in repairing segmental bone defect.

Methods: In this study, we constructed the TV-TEBG with the combination of customized flow perfusion seeding/culture system and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold fabricated by Rapid Prototyping (RP) technique.

[Three-dimensional flow perfusion culture enhances proliferation of human fetal osteoblasts in large scaffold with controlled architecture].

Objective: To demonstrate the feasibility and benefits of custom designed perfusion bioreactor in conjunction with well-defined three-dimensional (3D) environment for enhanced proliferation and homogeneous distribution of human fetal osteoblasts in large scaffold in vitro.

Methods: Large-scale β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffolds with tightly controlled architectures were fabricated. And a custom designed perfusion bioreactor was developed.

[The construction of recombinant adenovirus containing p38MAPK gene and its expression in mouse osteoblast-like cells (MC3T3-E1)].

Aim: To construct a recombinant adenovirus vector containing p38MAPK gene and to identify its expression in mouse osteoblast-like cells, MC3T3-E1, in vitro.

Methods: The p38MAPK gene was amplified by PCR from mouse liver cDNA library, and inserted into pMD18-T vector and sequenced. Double digested with Bgl II and Hind III, p38MAPK gene was inserted into pShuttle-CMV.

One-stage treatment and reconstruction of Gustilo Type III open tibial shaft fractures with a vascularized fibular osteoseptocutaneous flap graft.

Objectives: This study evaluated the usefulness of a single-stage, free-fibular vascularized osteoseptocutaneous flap transfer for Type III open tibial shaft fractures with segmental bone loss for the reconstruction of combined bone and soft tissue defects.

Design: Nonrandomized retrospective study.

Setting: University Level I trauma center.

[In vitro and in vivo study of chondrogenesis on the hybrid scaffold from fibrin modified PLGA and adipose-derived stem cells].

Aim: To investigated the effect of the presence of fibrin in the PLGA scaffold on the differentiation of adipose-derived stem cell (ASCs) into chondrocytes in the chondrogenic media.

Methods: ASCs were prepared by colagenase I digestion of fat from rabbits. The PLGA scaffolds were prepared by LDM technology.

Multi-variety bone bank in China.

This is a descriptive report of the establishment and operation of a Chinese bone bank, though not a typical one. While being engaged in collection, processing and storage of allogeneic tissues, the bone bank to which the author belongs concurrently develops and produces new, non-human derived, graft materials. Among others is reconstituted bone xenograft (RBX) which possesses strong osteoinductive capability without evoking immune rejection.

Skeletal repair in rabbits using a novel biomimetic composite based on adipose-derived stem cells encapsulated in collagen I gel with PLGA-beta-TCP scaffold.

In bone tissue engineering, the cell distribution mode in the scaffold may affect in vivo osteogenesis. Therefore, we fabricated a novel biomimetic construct based on a combination of rabbit adipose-derived stem cells (rASCs) encapsulated in collagen I gel with a PLGA-beta-TCP scaffold (rASCs-COL/PLGA-beta-TCP, group A), the combination of rASCs and PLGA-beta-TCP (rASCs/PLGA-beta-TCP, group B), the combination of collagen I gel and PLGA-beta-TCP (COL/PLGA-beta-TCP, group C), and PLGA-beta-TCP scaffold (group D). The composites were implanted into a 15-mm length critical-sized segmental radial defect.

Ghrelin stimulates proliferation of human osteoblastic TE85 cells via NO/cGMP signaling pathway.

Ghrelin regulates bone formation and osteoblast proliferation, but the detailed signaling pathway for its action on osteoblasts remains unclear. In human osteoblastic TE85 cells, we observed the effects and intracellular signaling pathway of ghrelin on cell proliferation using BrdU incorporation method. Ghrelin, at 10(-10)-10(-8) M concentration, significantly increased BrdU incorporation into TE85 cells.

Flow perfusion culture of human fetal bone cells in large beta-tricalcium phosphate scaffold with controlled architecture.

One unsolved problem in bone tissue engineering is how to enable the survival and proliferation of osteoblastic cells in large scaffolds. In this work, large beta-tricalcium phosphate scaffolds with tightly controlled channel architectures were fabricated and a custom-designed perfusion bioreactor was developed. Human fetal bone cells in third passage were seeded onto the scaffolds and cultured in static or flow perfusion conditions for up to 16 days.

Effect of ovariectomy on BMD, micro-architecture and biomechanics of cortical and cancellous bones in a sheep model.

Osteoporotic/osteopenia fractures occur most frequently in trabeculae-rich skeletal sites. The purpose of this study was to use a high-resolution micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and dual energy X-ray absorptionmeter (DEXA) to investigate the changes in micro-architecture and bone mineral density (BMD) in a sheep model resulted from ovariectomy (OVX). Biomechanical tests were performed to evaluate the strength of the trabecular bone.

[Three dimensional induction of autologous mesenchymal stem cell and the effects on depressing long-term degeneration of tissue-engineering cartilage].

Objectives: To induce autologous bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cell (aMSC) into chondrocyte, and to confirm the effects of 3 dimensional (3D) dynamic inducing in vitro and their long-term animal model repairing in vivo.

Methods: aMSC were separated from rabbits bone marrow aspirates, then respectively experienced 3D dynamic inducing in alginate drops in modified rotating wall bioreactor culture or in two dimensional (2D) inducing (culture flask) for 10 d. The induced cells were harvest and then mixed with fibrin sealant (FS) to repair rabbit knee femoral trochlea cartilage defects model.

A study on a tissue-engineered bone using rhBMP-2 induced periosteal cells with a porous nano-hydroxyapatite/collagen/poly(L-lactic acid) scaffold.

We investigated the in vivo osteogenic ability of rhBMP-2 induced periosteal cells in a new porous scaffold, nano-hydroxyapatite (nano-HA)/collagen/poly(L-lactic acid) (PLA). The nano-HA/collagen/PLA composites were utilized as an extracellular matrix for a cell-based strategy of bone tissue engineering. Periosteal cells were cultivated with 500 ng ml(-1) rhBMP-2, followed by seeding into prewet nano-HA/collagen/PLA scaffolds.

Staged-injection procedure to prevent cement leakage during vertebroplasty: an in vitro study.

Study Design: Fibrin sealant (FS) combined with or without growth factor was used to improve the micro-architectural and biomechanical properties of vertebral body in osteoporotic ovine spine.

Objective: To analyze the treatment effects of bovine bone morphogenetic protein (bBMP) combined with FS on osteopenic ovine vertebral architecture, bone mineral density, and biomechanics in vivo.

Summary Of Background Data: Vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty were used to treat spinal osteoporosis.

Orthopedic trauma of limbs associated with vascular injuries.

Objective: To evaluate the treatment for patients with major vascular injuries associated with traumatic orthopedic injuries.

Methods: A total of 196 patients, aged from 4-67 years with the mean age of 29.88 years, had major vascular injuries associated with traumatic orthopedic injuries and were treated in our hospital in a period of 44 years.

Collagen I gel can facilitate homogenous bone formation of adipose-derived stem cells in PLGA-beta-TCP scaffold.

Cell-based tissue engineering is thought to be a new therapy for treatment of bone defects and nonunions after trauma and tumor resection. In this study, we explore the in vitro and in vivo osteogenesis of a novel biomimetic construct fabricated by using collagen I gel to suspend rabbit adipose-derived stem cells (rASCs) into a porous poly(lactic-co-glycolic)acid-beta-tricalcium phosphate (PLGA-beta-TCP) scaffold (rASCs-COL/PLGA-beta-TCP). In vitro and in vivo studies of the rASCs-COL/PLGA-beta-TCP composite (group A) were carried out compared with the single combination of rASCs and PLGA-beta-TCP (rASCs/PLGA-beta-TCP; group B), the combination of acellular collagen I gel and PLGA-beta-TCP (COL/PLGA-beta-TCP; group C), and the PLGA-beta-TCP scaffold (group D).

The matrix metalloproteinases as pharmacological target in osteoarthritis: statins may be of therapeutic benefit.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common joint disease; however, current pharmacologic agents for OA are only symptomatic and they can not prevent the disease progression. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) produced by chondrocytes play an important role in the development of cartilage destruction in OA, and agents that can target against MMPs activity may be of therapeutical value. There were reports that statins can inhibit the secretion of MMPs in vitro and in vivo, which were believed to account for the plaque stabilizing effects of statins in the treatment of atherosclerosis.

A novel TAT fusion protein with osteoinductive activity.

Osteoblasts are thought to be differentiated from pluripotent mesenchymal stem cells. Several intracellular and extracellular osteoinductive proteins are involved in this process. Such proteins include the bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) and the LIM mineralization proteins (LMPs) etc.

Compositional variation of fibrous callus and joint cartilage in different internal environments.

Objective: To evaluate the compositional variation of fibrous callus in the fracture site and the joint cavity and joint cartilage after being transplanted in the muscle pouch.

Methods: Thirty 2 month old New Zealand white rabbits (weighing 1-1.5 kg) were randomly divided into two groups: a callus transplantation group (Group A, n=15) and a cartilage transplantation group (Group B, n=15).

Repair of the radial defect of rabbit with polyester/tricalcium phosphate scaffolds prepared by rapid prototyping technology.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of repairing rabbit radial defects with polyester/tricalcium phosphate scaffolds prepared by rapid prototyping technology loaded with bovine bone morphogenetic protein (bBMP), and find new carriers for growth factors.

Methods: Polyester/tricalcium phosphate scaffolds prepared by rapid prototyping technology loaded with and without bovine BMP were used to repair the 15 mm radial defect in rabbit. Then the results of radiography, histology, scaffolds degrade rates and bone mineral density (BMD) were appraised to examine the effects at the 12th week.

[Construction and biological activity study of human osteoprotegerin expressing adenoviral system].

Using the isolated total RNA from osteosacoma cell line MG63, the cDNA encoding human OPG was amplified by RT-PCR. A recombinant adenoviral vector carrying cDNA of OPG was constructed and OPG expression in mouse myoblast C2C12 cells was confirmed by Western blot and ELISA. The secreted expression of OPG protein persisted more than 6 weeks in vitro, and the growth of C2C12 cells infected by recombinant adenoviral were in good state.

[Repair of the radial defect of rabbit by polyester/tricalcium phosphate scaffolds prepared by rapid prototyping technology].

Objective: To evaluate the repairing effect of the rabbits radial defects of by polyester/tricalcium phosphate scaffolds prepared by rapid forming technology loaded with bovine BMP, and find a new carrier for growth factor.

Methods: Polyester/Tricalcium phosphate scaffolds prepared by rapid prototyping (RP) technology loaded with and without bovine BMP were used to repair the 15 mm radial defect of rabbit. Then results of radiography, histology, scaffolds degrade rates and bone density were appraised to examine the repairing effects of the scaffolds at 12 weeks.

[Morphology research of the rat sciatic nerve bridged by collage-heparin sulfate scaffold].

Objective: To observe the treating effect of collage-heparin sulfate after the 10 mm rat sciatic nerve defect was bridged by it.

Methods: A new kind of nervous tissue engineering scaffold was produced by freeze-drying technique from collagen-heparin sulfate. Thirty-two SD rats were randomly divided into A, B, C and D groups.

Effect of type I collagen on the adhesion, proliferation, and osteoblastic gene expression of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.

Objective: To investigate the effects of porous poly lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) modified by type I collagen on the adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation of rabbit marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs).

Methods: The third generation MSCs isolated from mature rabbits by density gradient centrifugation were cultured at different initial concentrations on 0.3 cm x 1.

[Effect of marrow stromal cells derived chondrocytes on repair of full-thickness defects of rabbit articular cartilage].

Objective: To investigate the feasibility of cartilaginous implants containing bone marrow stromal cells (MSCs) derived from chondrocytes in biological resurfacing procedures for repairing articular cartilage defect.

Methods: MSCs derived from chondrocytes were obtained with high initial cell density subculture. An implant was constructed by dispersing the chondrocytes in a acid soluble type I collagen gel(5 x 10(6) cells/ml, final cell concentration).