GM1 Ameliorates Neuronal Injury in Rats after Cerebral Ischemia and Reperfusion: Potential Contribution of Effects on SPTBN1-mediated Signaling.

Monosialoganglioside GM1 (GM1) has long been used as a therapeutic agent for neurological diseases in the clinical treatment of ischemic stroke. However, the mechanism underlying the neuroprotective function of GM1 is still obscure until now. In this study, we investigated the effects of GM1 in ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) brain injury models.

Integrating Molecular Networking and H NMR To Target the Isolation of Chrysogeamides from a Library of Marine-Derived Penicillium Fungi.

A challenging problem in natural product discovery is to rapidly dereplicate known compounds and expose novel ones from complicated components. Herein, integrating the LC-MS/MS-dependent molecular networking and H NMR techniques efficiently and successfully enabled the targeted identification of seven new cyclohexadepsipeptides, chrysogeamides A-G (1-7), from the coral-derived fungus Penicillium chrysogenum (CHNSCLM-0003) which was targeted from a library of marine-derived Penicillium fungi. Compound 4 features a rare 3-hydroxy-4-methylhexanoic acid (HMHA) moiety which was first discovered from marine-derived organisms.

Schisantherin A attenuates ischemia/reperfusion-induced neuronal injury in rats via regulation of TLR4 and C5aR1 signaling pathways.

Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and C5aR1 (CD88) have been recognized as potential therapeutic targets for the reduction of inflammation and secondary damage and improvement of outcome after ischemia and reperfusion (I/R). The inflammatory responses which induce cell apoptosis and necrosis after I/R brain injury lead to a limited process of neural repair. To further comprehend how these targets function in I/R state, we investigated the pathological changes and TLR4 and C5aR1 signaling pathways in vitro and in vivo models of I/R brain injury in this study.

Neuroprotective Effects of Loganin on MPTP-Induced Parkinson's Disease Mice: Neurochemistry, Glial Reaction and Autophagy Studies.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, involving resting tremor and bradykinesia, for which no recognized therapies or drugs are available to halt or slow progression. In recent years, natural botanic products have been considered relatively safe, with limited side effects, and are expected to become an important source for clinical mediation of PD in the future. Our study focuses on the ability of loganin, a compound derived from fruits of cornus, to mediate neuroprotection in a mouse model of PD.

Combretastatin A-4 efficiently inhibits angiogenesis and induces neuronal apoptosis in zebrafish.

Cis-stilbene combretastatin A-4 (CA-4) and a large group of its derivant compounds have been shown significant anti-angiogenesis activity. However the side effects even the toxicities of these chemicals were not evaluated adequately. The zebrafish model has become an important vertebrate model for evaluating drug effects.

Isoquercetin Ameliorates Cerebral Impairment in Focal Ischemia Through Anti-Oxidative, Anti-Inflammatory, and Anti-Apoptotic Effects in Primary Culture of Rat Hippocampal Neurons and Hippocampal CA1 Region of Rats.

Ischemic stroke is a major disability and cause of death worldwide due to its narrow therapeutic time window. Neuroprotective agent is a promising strategy to salvage acutely ischemic brain tissue and extend the therapeutic time window for stroke treatment. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of isoquercetin in (1) primary culture of rat hippocampal neurons exposure on oxygen and glucose deprivation and reperfusion (OGD/R) injury and (2) rats subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/R) injury.

Protection of seven dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans from Schisandra chinensis against serum and glucose deprivation injury in SH-SY5Y cells.

Dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans, the major active components of fruit of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill., have been found to have activities that could prevent prostate and thyroid cancer, hepatotoxicity, oxidative stress-induced cerebral injury, etc.

Neuroprotective effect of schizandrin A on oxygen and glucose deprivation/reperfusion-induced cell injury in primary culture of rat cortical neurons.

Brain ischemia appears to be associated with innate immunity. Recent reports showed that C3a and C5a, as potent targets, might protect against ischemia induced cell death. In traditional Chinese medicine, the fruit of Schizandra chinesis Baill (Fructus schizandrae) has been widely used as a tonic.

Mulberroside A protects against ischemic impairment in primary culture of rat cortical neurons after oxygen-glucose deprivation followed by reperfusion.

Mulberroside A is a natural polyhydroxylated stilbene compound present at relatively high abundance in the roots and twigs of Morus alba L. It is known for its nephroprotective, hypoglycemic, and antidiabetic effects. Because its metabolite, oxyresveratrol, possessed purported anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects, we proposed that mulberroside A may elicit neuroprotective effects that can be used in the treatment of brain ischemic injury.

Morin reduces hepatic inflammation-associated lipid accumulation in high fructose-fed rats via inhibiting sphingosine kinase 1/sphingosine 1-phosphate signaling pathway.

SphK1/S1P signaling pathway is involved in the development of hepatic inflammation and injury. But its role in high fructose-induced NAFLD has not yet been reported. The aim of this study was to elucidate the crucial role of SphK1/S1P signaling pathway in high fructose-induced hepatic inflammation and lipid accumulation in rats.

Uricosuric and nephroprotective properties of Ramulus Mori ethanol extract in hyperuricemic mice.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Ramulus Mori, the branch of Morus alba, is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions to treat gout and hyperuricemia.

Aim Of This Study: To evaluate the uricosuric and nephroprotective effects of ethanol extract of Ramulus Mori (ERM) and explore its possible mechanisms in hyperuricemic mice.

Materials And Methods: HPLC analysis was employed to determine the main constituents.

Antihyperuricemic and nephroprotective effects of resveratrol and its analogues in hyperuricemic mice.

Scope: Stilbenes, of which, resveratrol is a representative compound in foods and plants, possess a variety of bioactivities including antioxidation, anti-inflammation, chemoprevention, and cardioprotection. This study was conducted to evaluate the antihyperuricemic and nephroprotective effects of resveratrol and its analogues and explore the possible mechanisms. The structure-activity relationships were analyzed.

Furocoumarins affect hepatic cytochrome P450 and renal organic ion transporters in mice.

Furocoumarins are a group of natural products with many biological activities. Clinical evidences have demonstrated the important contribution of furocoumarins to the toxicity of some foods and herbs. In order to assess liver and kidney toxicity of furocoumarins, male mice were orally administrated with psoralen, isopsoralen, imperatorin, isoimperatorin and xanthotoxin at 20 and 40 mg/kg once daily for 28 days, respectively.

Morin improves urate excretion and kidney function through regulation of renal organic ion transporters in hyperuricemic mice.

Purpose: Morin (2′,3,4′,5,7-pentahydroxyflavone), a plant-derived flavonoid, has beneficial effects on hyperuricemia and renal dysfunction in animals. Since the decreased renal excretion of uric acid is the hallmark of hyperuricemia, here we studied the effects of oral morin administration on renal organic ion transporters in potassium oxonate-induced hyperuricemic mice.

Methods: Hyperuricemia in mice was induced by potassium oxonate.