The Antipsychotic Drug Aripiprazole Suppresses Colorectal Cancer by Targeting LAMP2a to Induce RNH1/miR-99a/mTOR-Mediated Autophagy and Apoptosis.

The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a critical signaling hub for sustaining cancer survival. Targeting mTOR and inducing autophagic cell death downstream of it represent promising therapeutic strategies for cancer prevention. A US Food and Drug Administration-approved drug library containing 616 small molecules is used to screen anticancer drugs against colorectal cancer (CRC) cells that rely on mTOR.

PTPLAD1 Regulates PHB-Raf Interaction to Orchestrate Epithelial-Mesenchymal and Mitofusion-Fission Transitions in Colorectal Cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide. The poor prognosis of this malignancy is attributed mainly to the persistent activation of cancer signaling for metastasis. Here, we showed that protein tyrosine phosphatase-like A domain containing 1 (PTPLAD1) is down-regulated in highly metastatic CRC cells and negatively associated with poor survival of CRC patients.

A five-protein prognostic signature with GBP2 functioning in immune cell infiltration of clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is of poor clinical outcomes, and currently lacks reliable prognostic biomarkers. By analyzing the datasets of the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC), we established a five-protein prognostic signature containing GBP2, HLA-DRA, ISG15, ISG20 and ITGAX. Our data indicate that this signature was closely correlated with advanced stage, higher pathological grade, and unfavorable survivals in patients with ccRCC.

PADI1 and Its Co-Expressed Gene Signature Unveil Colorectal Cancer Prognosis and Immunotherapy Efficacy.

Peptidyl arginine deiminase 1 (PADI1) catalyzes protein citrullination and has a role in regulating immune responses. The tumor immune microenvironment has been reported to be important in colorectal cancer (CRC), which was correlated with the ability of CRC patients to benefit from immunotherapy. However, there is a lack of molecular markers for matching CRC immunotherapy.

Efficacy and Safety of Hyaluronic Acid Intra-articular Injection after Arthroscopic Knee Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Objective: Hyaluronic acid (HA) intra-articular injection after arthroscopic knee surgery has been widely applied but its efficacy and safety remain controversial. The aim of this systematic review is to analyze the efficacy and safety of HA intra-articular injection after arthroscopic knee surgery, and to compare the efficacy of HA with different molecular weights.

Methods: We conducted a systematic literature search in PubMed, Embase, Google scholar and the Cochrane library from inception to 16 September 2022 for English-written articles, in order to identify randomized controlled trials that evaluated the clinical efficacy and/or safety of HA intra-articular injection after arthroscopic knee surgery.

Targeting ARF1-IQGAP1 interaction to suppress colorectal cancer metastasis and vemurafenib resistance.

Introduction: Acquired resistance to BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib is frequently observed in metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC), and it is a thorny issue that results in treatment failure. As adaptive responses for vemurafenib treatment, a series of cellular bypasses are response for the adaptive feedback reactivation of ERK signaling, which warrant further investigation.

Objectives: We identified ARF1 (ADP-ribosylation factor 1) as a novel regulator of both vemurafenib resistance and cancer metastasis, its molecular mechanism and potential inhibitor were investigated in this study.

Endostatin induces normalization of blood vessels in colorectal cancer and promotes infiltration of CD8+ T cells to improve anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate recombinant human endostatin (rHE)-induced normalization of the tumor vasculature in colorectal cancer (CRC) and to evaluate the therapeutic effects of combined treatment with rHE and a programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) inhibitor.

Methods: A mouse subcutaneous tumorigenesis model was established to evaluate the antitumor effects of endostatin combined with a PD-L1 inhibitor on CRC. Intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (IVIM-DW MRI) was used to evaluate changes in the intratumor microcirculation in response to combined treatment with endostatin and a PD-L1 inhibitor.

Thrombospondin-2 holds prognostic value and is associated with metastasis and the mismatch repair process in gastric cancer.

Background: This study aims to investigate thrombospondin 2 (TSP2) expression levels in gastric cancer (GC) and determine the relationship between TSP2 and clinical characteristics and prognosis.

Methods: The online database Gene Expression Profile Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) was used to analyse TSP2 mRNA expression levels in GC. The Kaplan-Meier plotter prognostic analysis tool was used to evaluate the influence of TSP2 expression on clinical prognosis in GC patients.

LncRNA SND1-IT1 facilitates TGF-β1-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition via miR-124/COL4A1 axis in gastric cancer.

The transformation of tumor cells from an epithelial to a mesenchymal-like phenotype, designated as epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), represents a key hallmark of human cancer metastasis, including gastric cancer (GC). However, a large set of non-coding RNAs have been studied for their functions that initiate or inhibit this phenotypic switch in GC cells by regulating oncogenes or tumor suppressors. In this paper, we aimed to identify lncRNA SND1-IT1, miR-124, and COL4A1 gene in the context of GC with a specific focus on their effects on transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1)-induced EMT.

Identification of a Novel Ferroptosis-Related Gene Prediction Model for Clinical Prognosis and Immunotherapy of Colorectal Cancer.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignancies worldwide. Ferroptosis is a programmed, iron-dependent cell death observed in cancer cells. However, the prognostic potential and immunotherapy biomarker potential of ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) in CRC patients remains to be clarified.

A Novel Ferroptosis-Related Gene Risk Signature for Predicting Prognosis and Immunotherapy Response in Gastric Cancer.

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is the third leading cause of cancer death worldwide with complicated molecular and cellular heterogeneity. Iron metabolism and ferroptosis play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of GC. However, the prognostic role and immunotherapy biomarker potential of ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) in GC still remains to be clarified.

Comprehensive Analysis of N6-Methyladenosine-Related lncRNA Signature for Predicting Prognosis and Immune Cell Infiltration in Patients with Colorectal Cancer.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common tumor worldwide. Aberrant N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification can influence the progress of the CRC. Additionally, long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) plays a critical role in CRC and has a close relationship with m6A modification.

The Application of and Strategy for Gold Nanoparticles in Immunotherapy.

Immunotherapy of malignant tumor is a verified and crucial anti-tumor strategy to help patients with cancer for prolonging prognostic survival. It is a novel anticancer tactics that activates the immune system to discern and damage cancer cells, thereby prevent them from proliferating. However, immunotherapy still faces many challenges in view of clinical efficacy and safety issues.

Long Noncoding RNA KCNQ1OT1 is a Prognostic Biomarker and mediates CD8 T cell exhaustion by regulating CD155 Expression in Colorectal Cancer.

Long noncoding RNA KCNQ1 opposite strand/antisense transcript 1 (lncRNA KCNQ1OT1) is abnormally expressed in various solid tumors. The purpose of this study was to explore the prognostic value and potential functional role of lncRNA KCNQ1OT1 across cancers. We performed a meta-analysis of published literature to evaluate the prognostic value of lncRNA KCNQ1OT1 across cancers.

Relationship between Tertiary Lymphoid Structure and the Prognosis and Clinicopathologic Characteristics in Solid Tumors.

An increasing number of studies had shown that tertiary lymphoid structure (TLS) plays an important role in tumor progression. However, the prognostic role of TLS in various tumors remains controversial. This meta-analysis aims to investigate the clinicopathological and prognostic values of TLS in solid tumors.

Anti-allergic drug azelastine suppresses colon tumorigenesis by directly targeting ARF1 to inhibit IQGAP1-ERK-Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission.

This study aimed to screen novel anticancer strategies from FDA-approved non-cancer drugs and identify potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for colorectal cancer (CRC). A library consisting of 1056 FDA-approved drugs was screened for anticancer agents. WST-1, colony-formation, flow cytometry, and tumor xenograft assays were used to determine the anticancer effect of azelastine.

The overexpression of ZWINT in integrated bioinformatics analysis forecasts poor prognosis in breast cancer.

Background: Zeste White 10 interactor (ZW10 interactor, ZWINT) is a centromeric complex required for a mitotic spindle checkpoint. According to previous studies, it was overexpressed in people with recurrent tumors. However, the expression of ZWINT in breast cancer has not been thoroughly studied.

MicroRNAs in the Progress of Diabetic Nephropathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of existing literature to evaluate the different outcomes of microRNAs (miRNAs) in diabetic nephropathy (DN), including urinary albumin excretion rates, urinary albumin creatinine rates, glomerular filtration rate, HbAc1, and creatinine.

Methods: Electronic databases including PUBMED, MEDLINE, and EMBASE were searched for eligible publications to July 2018. The following comparisons between treatment groups were included: normal group versus DN group; control group versus micro/macroalbuminuria group.

LAYN Is a Prognostic Biomarker and Correlated With Immune Infiltrates in Gastric and Colon Cancers.

Layilin (LAYN) is a critical gene that regulates T cell function. However, the correlations of LAYN to prognosis and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in different cancers remain unclear. LAYN expression was analyzed via the Oncomine database and Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) site.

Nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase regulates cell growth via the Sirt1/P53 signaling pathway and is a prognosis marker in colorectal cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignancy, and the metabolic properties of CRC cells include enhanced aerobic glycolysis (the Warburg effect). Nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase (NAMPT) is one of the crucial enzymes that regulate the activity of nicotinamide adenine dinucleodinucleotide dependent enzymes. Targeting NAMPT is a potential method of CRC therapy.

Development of small-molecule therapeutics and strategies for targeting RAF kinase in BRAF-mutant colorectal cancer.

RAF kinase is crucially involved in cell proliferation and survival in colorectal cancer (CRC). Patients with metastatic CRC (mCRC) harboring BRAF mutations (BRAFms) not only experience a poor prognosis but also benefit less from therapeutics targeting ERK signaling. With advances in RAF inhibitors and second-generation inhibitors including encorafenib and vemurafenib, which have been approved for treating BRAF-V600E malignancies, the combinatorial therapeutic strategies of RAF inhibitors elicit remarkable responses in patients with BRAF-V600E mCRC.

Role of exosomes and exosomal microRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma: Potential in diagnosis and antitumour treatments (Review).

Communication between hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and their environment is essential for the development and progression of HCC. Exosomes, which are microvesicles secreted by a number of cell types, are carriers of intercellular information and regulate the tumour microenvironment. Studies have demonstrated that exosomes are involved in the communication between HCC cells, endothelial cells and stem cells, and that they serve important roles in the metastasis and invasion, immune evasion and immunotherapy of HCC.

Long-term oncological outcomes in robotic gastrectomy versus laparoscopic gastrectomy for gastric cancer: a meta-analysis.

Background: Robotic gastrectomy (RG) has been a new technical alternative for gastric cancer. However, the long-term oncological outcomes of RG still should be further evaluated. In this meta-analysis, the long-term oncological outcomes of RG and laparoscopic gastrectomy (LG) are compared.