Siegesoxylipin A‒J, previously undescribed phyto-oxylipins inhibition of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci from Sigesbeckia orientalis.

Ten previously undescribed phyto-oxylipins siegesoxylipin A‒J (1-10), along with four known analogs (11-14), were isolated from the aerial parts of Sigesbeckia orientalis. The elucidation of their structures was accomplished through spectroscopic analyses, base-catalyzed hydrolysis and X-ray diffraction. Moreover, unmethylesterified 4-methylpentanoic acid siegesoxylipins 1, 2, and 4-7 exhibited potent inhibitory bioactivity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE) strains with MIC values of 8 μg/mL, in which siegesoxylipin A (1) inhibited bacteria by inducing membrane damage.

Kakuol and asarinin protecting liver injury via HSP90AA1/CDK2/mTOR signaling pathway.

Drug-induced liver injury caused acute hepatic failure and hepatitis frequently. In this investigation, kakuol and asarinin reduced the levels of serum alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST) and malondialdehyde (MDA) dramatically, and ameliorated the pathological damage of liver tissues in APAP-induced mice. Furthermore, both compounds increased the viabilities of APAP-induced L-O2 cells and extracellular glutathione (GSH) levels accompanied significantly by reducing the level of intracellular ROS in vitro.

Two new abietane diterpenoids from Caryopteris trichosphaera.

Two new abietane diterpenoids, cartrisine A (1) and cartrisine B (2) were isolated from Caryopteris trichosphaera. Their structures were elucidated based on HR-ESI-MS and NMR spectral data. Compound 2 exhibited moderate antibacterial bioactivity against MRSA and VRE, and showed a strong synergistic effect with market antibiotics against MRSA and VRE.

Three New -Kaurane Diterpenes with Antibacterial Activity from .

Three novel -kaurane diterpenes, namely sigesbeckin A-C (-), in conjunction with eight previously identified analogues (-), were isolated from . Their chemical structures were resolved through multiple spectroscopic analyses. All compounds were assessed for antimicrobial bioactivity against methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant (VRE) strains.

Diterpenoids of Caryopteris trichosphaera W. W. Sm. inhibiting MRSA and VRE in vitro and in vivo.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Caryopteris trichosphaera W. W. Sm.

6-Methoxyldihydrochelerythrine Chloride Inhibiting Intra and Extracellular Drug-Resistant Bacteria.

Vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (VRE) is a major nosocomial pathogen that exhibits enhanced infectivity due to its robust virulence and biofilm-forming capabilities. In this study, 6-methoxyldihydrochelerythrine chloride (6-MDC) inhibited the growth of exponential-phase VRE and restored VRE's sensitivity to vancomycin. 6-MDC predominantly suppressed the biosynthetic pathway of pyrimidine and purine in VRE by the RNA-Seq analysis, resulting in obstructed DNA synthesis, which subsequently weakened bacterial virulence and impeded intracellular survival.

Formononetin Derivative for Osteoporosis by Simultaneous Regulating Osteoblast and Osteoclast.

Seven new formononetin derivatives (-) were designed and prepared from formononetin (phase II phytoestrogen). The derivatives 9-butyl-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-9,10-dihydro-4,8-chromeno[8,7-][1,3]oxazin-4-one () and 9-(furan-3-ylmethyl)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-9,10-dihydro-4,8-chromeno[8,7-][1,3]oxazin-4-one () promoted significant osteoblast formation by modulating the BMP/Smad pathway. Compound exhibited potent antiosteoclastogenesis activity in RANKL-induced RAW264.

Liver injury protection of Artemisia stechmanniana besser through PI3K/AKT pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Artemisia stechmanniana Besser, one of the most prevalent botanical medicines in Chinese, has been traditionally used for hepatitis treatment. However, the bioactive components and pharmacological mechanism on alcohol-induced liver injury remains unclear.

Aim Of The Study: To investigate the effect of A.

Structure optimizing of flavonoids against both MRSA and VRE.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE) cause more than 100,000 deaths each year, which need efficient and non-resistant antibacterial agents. SAR analysis of 162 flavonoids from the plant in this paper suggested that lipophilic group at C-3 was crucial, and then 63 novel flavonoid derivatives were designed and total synthesized. Among them, the most promising K15 displayed potent bactericidal activity against clinically isolated MRSA and VRE (MICs = 0.

Thrombosis inhibited by Corydalis decumbens through regulating PI3K-Akt pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Corydalis decumbens (Thunb.) Pers. was used as stasis-eliminating medicine traditionally to treat cardiovascular disease potentially attributed to its antithrombotic effect, but lack of pharmacological research on it.

The whitening effect of cuscutin responsible for traditional use of Bergenia purpurascens.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The roots and rhizomes of Bergenia purpurascens (Hook. f. et Thomson) Engl.

Undescribed indole lactones from Alstonia scholaris protecting hepatic cell damage.

Six previously undescribed rigidly monoterpenoid indole alkaloids, alstolactines F-K (1-6), were isolated from Alstonia scholaris. Among them, a pair of cage-like epimers, 1 and 2, featuring a rare 6/5/6/6/7 ring system, represent the first example of C→C-olide, while compound 3 possesses unique degraded C and C. The structures of the isolates were established by multiple spectroscopic analyses, quantum computational chemistry methods, and X-ray diffraction.

New Lupanes from Alstonia scholaris Reducing Uric Acid Level.

Twelve lupanes including three new compounds named alstoscholarilups A-C (1: -3: ) were isolated from the leaves of . Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis and ECD calculation. Structurally, compound 1: with a rare A ring-seco skeleton formed lactone and degraded C-3, while 2: with a 28- and 3: with a 29--lupane skeleton supported the phytochemical diversity and novelty of the plant.

Antimelanogenic Effect of Isoquinoline Alkaloids from Plumula Nelumbinis.

Plumula Nelumbinis, the green embryo of a lotus seed, is widely consumed in China as a well-known food with medicinal effects. In this study, 14 alkaloids, including 4 new and 10 known alkaloids, were isolated from it, which were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic analysis, and were investigated for their antimelanogenic effects in vitro and in vivo. As a result, melanogenesis in α-MSH-stimulated B16F10 cells was reduced significantly by a new compound and known compound at a concentration of 0.

Curcusinol from the fruit of Carex baccans with antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant strains.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Carex baccans, known as Shan-Bai-Zi or Ye-Gao-Liang in China, is a traditional medicinal herb used by several ethnic groups in Yunnan Province. It is utilized for the treatment of wound infections, ulcers, and dysentery. However, there is currently a dearth of research reports on its antimicrobial potential.

Pharmacological investigation of indole alkaloids from Alstonia scholaris against chronic glomerulonephritis.

Background: As one of the most commonly used folk medicines in "Dai" ethno-medicine system, Alstonia scholaris (l.) R. Br.

Natural Coumarin Isomers with Dramatically Different AIE Properties: Mechanism and Application.

Aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) are of great importance in optoelectronics and biomedical fields. However, the popular design philosophy by combining rotors with traditional fluorophores limits the imagination and structural diversity of AIEgens. Inspired by the fluorescent roots of the medicinal plant , we discovered two unconventional rotor-free AIEgens, 5-methoxyseselin (5-MOS) and 6-methoxyseselin (6-MOS).

Anti-hyperuricemia effect of hesperetin is mediated by inhibiting the activity of xanthine oxidase and promoting excretion of uric acid.

Hesperetin is a natural flavonoid with many biological activities. In view of hyperuricemia treatment, the effects of hesperetin and , and the underlying mechanisms, were explored. Hyperuricemia models induced by yeast extract (YE) or potassium oxonate (PO) in mice were created, as were models based on hypoxanthine and xanthine oxidase (XOD) in L-O2 cells and sodium urate in HEK293T cells.

Neferine ameliorates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis through regulating AMPK pathway.

Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), peculiarly nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), has become the main cause of liver transplantation and liver-related death. However, the US Food and Drug Administration has not approved a specific medication for treating NASH. Neferine (NEF), a natural bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid separated from the traditional Chinese medicine Nelumbinis plumula, has a variety of pharmacological properties, especially on metabolic diseases.