Novel role and mechanism of glutathione peroxidase-4 in nutritional pancreatic atrophy of chicks induced by dietary selenium deficiency.

Nutritional pancreatic atrophy (NPA) is a classical Se/vitamin E deficiency disease of chicks. To reveal molecular mechanisms of its pathogenesis, we fed day-old chicks a practical, low-Se diet (14 μg Se/kg), and replicated the typical symptoms of NPA including vesiculated mitochondria, cytoplasmic vacuoles, and hyaline bodies in acinar cells of chicks as early as day 18. Target pathway analyses illustrated a > 90% depletion (P < 0.

The protective impact of Trans-Cinnamaldehyde (TCA) against the IL-1b induced inflammation in in vitro osteoarthritis model by regulating PI3K/AKT pathways.

Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a severe joint degeneration disease in elderly people described by the advanced degradation of articular cartilage, which ultimately leads to chronic pain. Trans-cinnamaldehyde (TCA) exerted its anti-inflammatory function in numerous disease syndromes; however, its role in the pathogenesis of OA remains unknown. The current research aimed to explore the potential protective impact of TCA in the progression of osteoarthritis in vitro.

Characterization and Antioxidant Activity of the Exopolysaccharide Produced by GSBa-1.

The exopolysaccharide (EPS) produced by GSBa-1 was isolated and purified by ethanol precipitation, and DEAE-cellulose and Sepharose CL-6B chromatographies. The molecular mass of the purified EPS was determined to be 54 kDa. Monosaccharide analysis showed that the EPS was composed of predominantly glucose, and it was further confirmed by NMR spectroscopy to be α-glucan that consisted of a trisaccharide repeating unit with possible presence of two α-(1→3) and one α-(1→6) glucosidic linkages.

Characterization of Selenoprotein M and Its Response to Selenium Deficiency in Chicken Brain.

Selenoprotein M (SelM) may function as thiol disulfide oxidoreductase that participates in the formation of disulfide bonds and can be implicated in calcium responses. SelM may have a functional role in catalyzing free radicals and has been associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, studies of SelM in chicken remain very limited.

Characterization and Expression of Chicken Selenoprotein U.

Selenoprotein U (SelU) may regulate a myriad of biological processes through its redox function. In chicks, neither the nucleotide sequence nor the amino acid sequence is known. The main objectives of this study were to clone and characterize the chicken Selu gene and investigate Selu messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression in chicken tissues.

Selenoproteins protect against avian nutritional muscular dystrophy by metabolizing peroxides and regulating redox/apoptotic signaling.

Nutritional muscular dystrophy (NMD) of chicks is induced by dietary selenium (Se)/vitamin E (Vit. E) deficiencies and may be associated with oxidative cell damage. To reveal the underlying mechanisms related to the presumed oxidative cell damage, we fed four groups of 1-day-old broiler chicks (n = 40/group) with a basal diet (BD; 10 μg Se/kg; no Vit.

Identification of novel nuclear localization signal within the ErbB-2 protein.

ErbB2, a member of the receptor tyrosine kinase family, is frequently over-expressed in breast cancer. Proteolysis of the extracellular domain of ErbB2 results in constitutive activation of ErbB2 kinase. Recent study reported that ErbB2 is found in the nucleus.