Overcoming Microstructural Defects at the Buried Interface of Formamidinium-Based Perovskite Solar Cells.

Since the advent of formamidinium (FA)-based perovskite photovoltaics (PVs), significant performance enhancements have been achieved. However, a critical challenge persists: the propensity for void formation in the perovskite film at the buried perovskite-interlayer interface has a deleterious effect on device performance. With most emerging perovskite PVs adopting the p-i-n architecture, the specific challenge lies at the perovskite-hole transport layer (HTL) interface, with previous strategies to overcome this limitation being limited to specific perovskite-HTL combinations; thus, the lack of universal approaches represents a bottleneck.

The Association between Oxidative Balance Score and Urinary Levels of 8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine among Japanese Adults.

The oxidative balance score (OBS), wherein higher OBSs indicate lower oxidative stress, was designed to assess a composite measure of multiple pro-oxidant and antioxidant effects on an individual's oxidative stress status. This study aimed to evaluate whether OBSs were inversely associated with urinary levels of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG)-an oxidative stress marker-among Japanese adults. This cross-sectional study was based on data obtained during 2010-2012.

Oxidative stress causes muscle structural alterations via p38 MAPK signaling in COPD mouse model.

Introduction: Sarcopenia is a complication of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) that negatively affects physical activity and quality of life. However, the underlying mechanism by which COPD affects skeletal muscles remains to be elucidated. Therefore, we investigated the association between oxidative stress and structural alterations in muscles in elastase-induced emphysema mouse models.

Influence factors analysis of COVID-19 Prevention behavior of chinese Citizens: a path analysis based on the hypothetical model.

Background: Under the outbreak of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a structural equation model was established to determine the causality of important factors that affect Chinese citizens' COVID-19 prevention behavior.

Methods: The survey in Qingdao covered several communities in 10 districts and used the method of cluster random sampling. The research instrument used in this study is a self-compiled Chinese version of the questionnaire.

Urinary biomarkers for secondhand smoke and heated tobacco products exposure.

Concerns have recently grown about the health effects of secondhand smoke exposure and heated tobacco products. The analysis of tobacco smoke biomarkers is critical to assess the health effects of tobacco smoke exposure. For this purpose, the simultaneous determinations of exposure markers and health effect markers would provide a better evaluation of smoke exposure.

Health examination results and work environment factors affecting urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine levels.

Objective: Oxidative stress is considered to cause lifestyle-related diseases, including cancer. Urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) is widely analyzed as an oxidative stress marker. We extensively scrutinized the relationships between 8-OHdG levels and lifestyle choices as carcinogenic factors.

Diurnal and day-to-day variation of urinary oxidative stress marker 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine.

The urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine levels have been widely used as a biomarker of oxidative stress. The purpose of this study is to investigate the diurnal and day-to-day variations of urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine levels. For the diurnal variation, the urine samples were collected at the time of awakening and every 2 h, from 10:00 to 22:00, from 6 healthy participants.

Effects of smoking cessation on biological monitoring markers in urine.

Introduction: Urinary nicotine and cotinine levels are often measured as biomarkers for tobacco smoke exposure. However, these biomarkers are not appropriate to evaluate the effects of quitting smoking for several days, because of their short half-lives. In this study, we focused on the changes in the urinary 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL) levels of 55 patients in a smoking cessation program, because of the long half-life.

[Workers' Lifestyles and Urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine as an Oxidative Stress Marker].

Oxidative stress in biological components has become recognized as one of the causative factors of various diseases. In this study, we investigated the effects of worker lifestyle and fatigue on the levels of urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), a marker of oxidative stress. Our results revealed that urinary 8-OHdG level was increased by alcohol intake and decreased by snack intake and adequate sleep time on the day before the survey.

Pilot clinical study of ascorbic acid treatment in cardiac catheterization.

Clinical radiodiagnosis and radiotherapy sometimes induce tissue damage and/or increase the risk of cancer in patients. However, in radiodiagnosis, a reduction in the exposure dose causes a blockier image that is not acceptable for diagnosis. Approximately 70% of DNA damage is induced via reactive oxygen species and/or radicals created during X-ray irradiation.

Leisure-time physical activity and DNA damage among Japanese workers.

Background: It remains unclear whether daily physical activity is associated with DNA damage. This cross-sectional study examined the association between leisure-time physical activity and urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG), a biomarker of oxidative DNA damage, or urinary 7-methylguanine (m7Gua), a biomarker of methylating DNA damage.

Methods: Participants included 501 workers (294 men and 207 women), aged 20-65 years, from municipal offices in Japan.

Oxidative DNA damage in the rat lung induced by intratracheal instillation and inhalation of nanoparticles.

Nanoparticles are widely used as useful industrial materials. Therefore, their possible adverse health effects must be appraised. We assessed and compared the oxidative DNA damage caused by four different nanoparticles (TiO, NiO, ZnO and CeO).

Measurement of 8-hydroxyguanine as an oxidative stress biomarker in saliva by HPLC-ECD.

Introduction: Oxidative stress leads to many kinds of diseases. Currently, urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) is widely measured as an oxidative stress biomarker. There is a specific advantage if saliva can be used as the sample to measure the oxidative stress biomarker, because saliva is much easier to collect than urine.

Dietary non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity and DNA damage in a working population.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the potential links between dietary non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity (NEAC) in overall diet and separately from foods and beverages and markers of DNA damage.

Methods: The participants were 513 employees, 20 to 65 y of age. Urinary levels of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and 7-methylguanine (m Gua) were measured using column-switching high-performance liquid chromatography.

Biopersistence of NiO and TiO₂ Nanoparticles Following Intratracheal Instillation and Inhalation.

The hazards of various types of nanoparticles with high functionality have not been fully assessed. We investigated the usefulness of biopersistence as a hazard indicator of nanoparticles by performing inhalation and intratracheal instillation studies and comparing the biopersistence of two nanoparticles with different toxicities: NiO and TiO₂ nanoparticles with high and low toxicity among nanoparticles, respectively. In the 4-week inhalation studies, the average exposure concentrations were 0.

Comparison of Blueberry ( spp.) and Vitamin C via Antioxidative and Epigenetic Effects in Human.

Background: Chemopreventive effects and the underlying mechanisms of blueberry ( spp.) are not clearly understood in human. We hypothesized blueberry would work via antioxidative and epigenetic modulation, which is similar to vitamin C.

Antioxidant properties of green tea aroma in mice.

Green tea ('Sencha'), made from the leaves of , is the most well-researched antioxidant beverage. The major source of its antioxidant activity is polyphenols, consisting mainly of catechins (flavan-3-ols). However, little is known about the physiological effects of green tea aroma, which lacks catechins.

Perceived Stress, Depressive Symptoms, and Oxidative DNA Damage.

Objective: Psychosocial stress may influence the risk of disease through its association with oxidative DNA damage. We examined whether perceived stress and depressive symptoms were associated with urinary excretion of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), with mutual interaction on 8-OHdG.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 6517 individuals aged 45 to 74 years who participated, between 2010 and 2012, in a follow-up survey of an ongoing cohort study.

Intensity-specific effect of physical activity on urinary levels of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine in middle-aged Japanese.

Physical activity (PA) is recommended to both promote and maintain health and prevent cancer by improving the body's DNA repair system, which is considered a mechanism of cancer prevention. However, associations between PA and urinary levels of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG), which reflects DNA damage, are unclear. This cross-sectional study included 2370 men and 4052 women aged 45-74 years enrolled between 2010 and 2012.

Urinary 1-hydroxypyrene and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine levels among coke-oven workers for 2 consecutive days.

Objectives: This study evaluated the levels of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their relationship with oxidative DNA damage among Vietnamese coke-oven workers.

Methods: We collected urine from 36 coke-oven workers (exposed group) at the beginning and end of the shift on 2 consecutive days. We also collected urine from 78 medical staff (control group).

8-hydroxyguanine in urine and serum as an oxidative stress marker: effects of diabetes and aging.

8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG) is the most extensively analyzed oxidative stress marker. Recently, 8-hydroxyguanine (free base: 8-OH-Gua) has been recognized as an oxidative stress marker. To verify the usefulness of 8-OH-Gua, the 8-OH-dG and 8-OH-Gua levels in the urine and the 8-OH-Gua levels in the serum of type 2 diabetic model animals, db/db mice, were measured as oxidative stress markers by a column switching HPLC-system coupled to an electrochemical detector.

Free radical-mediated cytosine C-5 methylation triggers epigenetic changes during carcinogenesis.

The methylation of the C-5 position of deoxycytidine (dC) in the promoter regions of tumor suppressor genes is often observed in cancer cells. We found that various environmental agents, as well as endogenous compounds such as methionine sulfoxide (MetO), generate methyl radicals and modify dC to form 5-methyl-dC in DNA in vitro. We confirmed that both DNA methylation and cancer incidence in the liver were increased by the administration of MetO to oxidatively stressed mice.

Human and methodological sources of variability in the measurement of urinary 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine.

Aims: Urinary 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) is a widely used biomarker of oxidative stress. However, variability between chromatographic and ELISA methods hampers interpretation of data, and this variability may increase should urine composition differ between individuals, leading to assay interference. Furthermore, optimal urine sampling conditions are not well defined.

Metal nanoparticle-induced micronuclei and oxidative DNA damage in mice.

Several mechanisms regarding the adverse health effects of nanomaterials have been proposed. Among them, oxidative stress is considered to be one of the most important. Many in vitro studies have shown that nanoparticles generate reactive oxygen species, deplete endogenous antioxidants, alter mitochondrial function and produce oxidative damage in DNA.