miR-32-5p induces hepatic steatosis and hyperlipidemia by triggering de novo lipogenesis.

Background And Objectives: MicroRNA-dependent regulation of hepatic lipid metabolism has been recognized recently as a key pathological mechanism contributing to the development of NAFLD. However, whether miR-32-5p (miR-32) plays a role in lipid metabolism or contributes to NAFLD remains unclear.

Methods And Results: A marked increase in miR-32 expression was observed in liver samples from patients and mice with NAFLD, as well as in palmitate-induced hepatocytes.

Organokines and Exosomes: Integrators of Adipose Tissue Macrophage Polarization and Recruitment in Obesity.

The prevalence of obesity is escalating and has become a worldwide health challenge coinciding with the development of metabolic diseases. Emerging evidence has shown that obesity is accompanied by the infiltration of macrophages into adipose tissue, contributing to a state of low-grade chronic inflammation and dysregulated metabolism. Moreover, in the state of obesity, the phenotype of adipose tissue macrophages switches from the M2 polarized state to the M1 state, thereby contributing to chronic inflammation.