CD146 mediates the anti-apoptotic role of Netrin-1 in endothelial progenitor cells under hypoxic conditions.

Modulating the biological status of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), such as function and survival, is essential for therapeutic angiogenesis in ischemic vascular disease environments. This study aimed to explore the role and molecular mechanisms underlying Netrin‑1 in the viability and angiogenic function of EPCs. EPCs were isolated from the bone barrow of adult C57/BL6 mice.

Snailase preparation of ginsenoside M1 from protopanaxadiol-type ginsenoside and their protective effects against CCl4-induced chronic hepatotoxicity in mice.

To investigate the protective effects of protopanaxadiol-type ginsenoside (PDG) and its metabolite ginsenoside M1 (G-M1) on carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4))-induced chronic liver injury in ICR mice, we carried out conversion of protopanaxadiol-type ginsenosides to ginsenoside M1 using snailase. The optimum time for the conversion was 24 h at a constant pH of 4.5 and an optimum temperature of 50 °C.