In animal cells, Gα subunit of the heterotrimeric G proteins can bind to both the N-terminal and C-terminal domains of G-protein-activated inwardly rectifying K channels (GIRKs) to inhibit their activities. In Arabidopsis guard cells, the Gα subunit GPA1 mediates multiple stimuli-regulated stomatal movements via inhibiting guard cell inward-rectifying K (K) current, but it remains unclear whether GPA1 directly interacts with and inhibits the activities of K channels. Here, we found that GPA1 interacted with the transmembrane domain rather than the intracellular domain of the Shaker family K channel KAT1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrain functional hypernetworks that can characterize the complex and multivariate interactions among multiple brain regions have been widely used in the diagnosis and prediction of brain diseases. However, there are few studies on the structure and dynamics of brain functional hypernetworks. Such studies can help to explore how the important functional features of brain functional hypernetworks characterize the working and pathological mechanisms of the human brain.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSocial isolation profoundly impacts motivated behavior and neural plasticity. While the effects of acute and chronic social isolation have been extensively studied, the consequences of intermittent isolation during adulthood, particularly relevant to modern lifestyles, remain poorly understood. This study investigated the impact of intermittent social isolation (ISI) on social behavior and brain activation in adult male mice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Pichia pastoris expression system is a favorable platform for production of pharmaceutical proteins. Treatment of strains with N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) has been shown to enhance the yield of recombinant proteins, thereby contributing to a reduction in production costs. However, the specific mechanism of action of NAC remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe aimed to explore the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of taurine on retinal cells during acute ocular hypertension (AOH)-induced damage. Retinal morphology, apoptosis, mitochondrial structure, electroretinography, expression of GTP binding protein 3 (GTPBP3), and molecules in the unfolded protein response (UPR) were examined in an AOH mouse model and wild-type (WT) mice with or without intravitreal injection of taurine. For in vitro experiments, the GTPBP3 expression and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress were examined in R28 cell line under hydrogen peroxide (HO)-induced damage or hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced damage, with or without taurine pretreatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEpithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) endangers women's life and health. It is reported that cell division cycle 20 (CDC20) plays a role in EOC, but its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Additionally, the involvement of bcl-2-associated athanogen-6 (BAG6) in EOC has not been previously reported.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a metabolic and endocrine disease that entails dysregulated ovulation, hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovaries. While Wnt5a has been suggested to play key roles in follicular development and female fertility under normal conditions, its functions in the context of PCOS have yet to be established. This study was thus designed to explore the impact of Wnt5a on ovarian granulosa cell autophagy in PCOS, providing in vitro evidence in support of its role in this setting.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol
December 2024
Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) and sodium nitrite may have complex adverse effects on aquatic animals. This study assessed the interactive effects of PFOS and sodium nitrite on Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis). A 2 × 3 factorial experiment with 0, 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHeart failure (HF) remains one of the leading causes of high morbidity and mortality globally. Impaired cardiac energy metabolism plays a critical role in the pathological progression of HF. Various forms of HF exhibit marked differences in energy metabolism, particularly in mitochondrial function and substrate utilization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSenescent cells are in a stable state of cell cycle arrest, leading to a natural barrier to tumorigenesis. Senescent cells secrete a pool of molecules, including cytokines, chemokines, proteases, and growth factors, termed the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), paradoxically contributing to pro-tumorigenic processes. However, the mechanism for regulating senescence and SASP in tumor cells remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study aimed to investigate the impact of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) on cognitive function, amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition, cellular autophagy, and mitochondrial dynamics in an Alzheimer's disease (AD) mouse model, and to evaluate the intervention effects of autophagy modulation on these outcomes. Utilizing the APP/PS1 mouse model combined with CCH, we assessed cognitive function, Aβ deposition, and the expression levels of relevant proteins through behavioral tests and immunohistochemical analysis. Our findings revealed pronounced cognitive deficits and increased Aβ deposition in the AD + CCH group mice, along with upregulation of mitochondrial fission proteins (Drp1, Fis1) and downregulation of mitochondrial fusion proteins (Opa1, Mfn1), indicating a shift towards mitochondrial fission and promoting cell apoptosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: The aim of this study is to analyze the correlation between [18F]-FDG PET/CT (positron emission tomography/computed tomography) findings and pathological subtypes of lung adenocarcinoma with ground-glass opacity (GGO).
Materials And Methods: 88 patients were included in this study, which underwent [18F]-FDG PET/CT and were finally diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma. A total of 90 GGO lesions were analyzed.
Although the natural antibacterial agent, cinnamaldehyde, has been extensively studied in the field of food packaging, its water solubility and instability limit its further applications. The controllable responsive release can be achieved through encapsulation in responsive emulsion systems based on carboxymethyl chitosan. Herein, a pH-responsive antibacterial emulsion gel was constructed from cinnamaldehyde-loaded oil-in-water emulsion templates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn our previous research, we identified that treatment of Helicoverpa armigera with ZQ-8 led to upregulation of CYP450 genes. To clarify the metabolic pathway of ZQ-8, this study analyzed the expression of CYP450 genes and proteins in H. armigera after ZQ-8 treatment through transcriptomics and proteomics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe development of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is intricately linked with cell cycle regulation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Our study, leveraging bioinformatics and database analysis, identified FUCA2 as a key gene influencing the prognosis and progression of LUAD. We observed that FUCA2 is highly expressed in LUAD and correlates with poor outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Genet Genomics
December 2024
Spermiogenesis is an indispensable process occurring during the later stages of spermatogenesis. Despite multiple proteins being associated with spermiogenesis, the molecular mechanisms that control spermiogenesis remain poorly characterized. In this study, we show that 1700030J22RIK is exclusively expressed in the testis of mice and investigate its roles in spermiogenesis using genetic and proteomic approaches.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAims: NAD deficiency underlies obesity-induced metabolic disturbances. This study evaluated dihydronicotinamide riboside (NRH), a potent NAD enhancer, in lean and obese mice and explored whether NRH operates through a unique mechanism involving adenosine kinase (ADK), an enzyme critical for NRH-driven NAD synthesis.
Methods: Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic analyses were performed following a single 250 mg/kg intraperitoneal injection of NRH in healthy mice.
Introduction: Emerging evidences have underscored the positive impact of biologics on asthmatic patients. However, there is a pressing need to verify their therapeutic efficacy in children and adolescents with asthma. To address this, we conducted a network meta-analysis (NMA) to evaluate the efficacy and safety of biologics in the asthma management of this demographic.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFColloids Surf B Biointerfaces
December 2024
Hydrogen sulfide (HS) shows promise in treating myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI), but the challenge of controlled and sustained release hinders its clinical utility. In this study, we developed a platelet membrane-encapsulated mesoporous silica nanoparticle loaded with the HS donor diallyl trisulfide (PM-MSN-DATS). PM-MSN-DATS demonstrated optimal encapsulation efficiency and drug-loading content.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Sepsis is a life-threatening condition involving organ dysfunction characterized by a generalized inflammatory syndrome, and the associated mortality rate is high. Electroacupuncture (EA) exerts benefits in endotoxemia-induced lung injury, mainly through lung inflammation reduction and cellular homeostasis, although the anti-inflammatory mechanisms underlying these benefits remain to be completely understood.
Methods: Mice were pretreated with EA or sham EA therapy 5 days prior to the induction of endotoxemia through the administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and cecal ligation and puncture (CLP).
Countercurrent chromatography (CCC) is an efficient technique for purifying bioactive natural compounds, but selecting the solvent system can be a time-consuming and crucial process for successful separation. This paper discussed the HPLC-assisted mathematical prediction method for the n-hexane/alcohol solvents/water (HAWat) and ethyl acetate/n-butanol/water (EBuWat) systems and designed an intelligent online selection system to simplify the separation process. First, the applicable rage of HAWat and EBuWat solvent systems were quantified by the methanol concentration at the column inlet when template molecules peak in a HPLC analysis (B%).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this study, we first verified the feasibility of using Antarctic krill as a raw material for quick-brewed fish sauce, and the results showed that the amino acid nitrogen (AAN)and total soluble nitrogen(TSN) in the fermented 30 days fish sauce met the national level fish sauce standards, but the histamine content exceeded the maximum limit value of histamine in fish sauce (400 mg/kg) set by the International Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC) and the European Union (EU). On this basis, the correlation between physicochemical indexes and bacterial communities during the fermentation of fish sauce was investigated using high-throughput sequencing, culture method. The correlation analyses revealed the relationship between bacterial communities and the quality and safety of fish sauce, and these studies will be helpful for the development of Antarctic krill fish sauce.
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