Objective: To explore the effects of lutein on the adhesion, invasiveness and metastasis of human prostate cancer PC-3M cells and its action mechanism.
Methods: We divided human prostate cancer PC-3M cells into a control, a low-dose lutein, a medium-dose lutein and a high-dose lutein group, and treated them with 0, 10, 20 and 40 μmol/L lutein, respectively. Then we examined the adhesion of the cells to matrix by cell adhesion assay and the changes in cell pseudopodia by Phalloidin staining, detected the expressions of paxillin, matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2), MMP-9, recombinant tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1), E-cadherin, N-cadherin and vimentin by Western blot, determined the invasiveness and migration of the cells by scratch and Transwell assays, and observed their dynamic movement by high-intension imaging.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are attractive seed cells for immunotherapy, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine due to their self-renewal and multidirectional differentiation abilities, diverse immunoregulatory functions and ease of isolation from a wide range of tissues. MSCs exert their immunoregulatory effect on immune cells via cell-to-cell contact and paracrine mechanisms. In turn, MSCs can also be modulated by immune cells.
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