Automated robot and artificial intelligence-powered wastewater surveillance for proactive mpox outbreak prediction.

In the wake of the largest-ever recorded outbreak of mpox in terms of magnitude and geographical spread in human history since May 2022, we innovatively developed an automated online sewage virus enrichment and concentration robot for disease tracking. Coupled with an artificial intelligence (AI) model, our research aims to estimate mpox cases based on the concentration of the monkeypox virus (MPXV) in wastewater. Our research has revealed a compelling link between the levels of MPXV in wastewater and the number of clinically confirmed mpox infections, a finding that is reinforced by the ability of our AI prediction model to forecast cases with remarkable precision, capturing 87 % of the data's variability.

Diagnosis and Oral Sirolimus Treatment of Fibro-Adipose Vascular Anomaly in Pediatric Patients: A Case Series and Comprehensive Review.

Background: Fibro-adipose vascular anomaly (FAVA) is a rare and complex vascular malformation that, to date, has hardly been studied, especially in children. The diagnosis and management of FAVA is complicated, and no treatment guidelines have yet been published.

Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the clinical manifestations and diagnostic and genetic evidence of FAVA and to explore safe and effective treatment with sirolimus in pediatric patients.

NMR Based Methods for Metabolites Analysis.

Metabolite analysis is essential for understanding the biochemical processes and pathways that sustain life, providing insights into the complex interactions within cellular systems and clinical examinations. This review explores recent applications of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy in metabolite studies. Various methods enhancing analytical accuracy for metabolome profiling and metabolic pathway studies, including spectral simplification techniques, quantitative NMR, high-resolution MAS NMR, and isotopic labeling, are discussed.

The application of artificial intelligence in stroke research: A bibliometric analysis.

Background: Currently, artificial intelligence (AI) has been widely used for the prediction, diagnosis, evaluation and rehabilitation of stroke. However, the quantitative and qualitative description of this field is still lacking.

Objective: This study aimed to summarize and elucidate the research status and changes in hotspots on the application of AI in stroke over the past 20 years through bibliometric analysis.

Aerosolized nicotine-free e-liquid base constituents exacerbates mitochondrial dysfunction and endothelial glycocalyx shedding via the AKT/GSK3β-mPTP pathway in lung injury models.

Smoking has been recognized as a risk factor of cancer, heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and nicotine appears to be the responsible component of tobacco smoke that affects lung development. While nicotine-free electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are often promoted as a safer alternative to traditional smoking, recent evidence suggests that they might pose significant health risks. This study investigates the effects of nicotine-free e-cigarette vapor (ECV) on lung tissue and endothelial function.

Single- and multiple-dose pharmacokinetics and safety of the SARS-CoV-2 3CL protease inhibitor RAY1216: a phase 1 study in healthy participants.

Coronavirus disease 2019, which leads to pneumonia, is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). RAY1216 is a 3C-like protease inhibitor that targets SARS-CoV-2. The aim of our study was to assess the pharmacokinetics (PK) and safety of RAY1216 in healthy volunteers.

The global research of magnetic resonance imaging in Alzheimer's disease: a bibliometric analysis from 2004 to 2023.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder worldwide and the using of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the management of AD is increasing. The present study aims to summarize MRI in AD researches via bibliometric analysis and predict future research hotspots.

Methods: We searched for records related to MRI studies in AD patients from 2004 to 2023 in the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database.

Superhydrophobic and Self-Healing Porous Organic Macrocycle Crystals for Methane Purification under Humid Conditions.

Purifying methane from natural gas using adsorbents not only requires the adsorbents to possess excellent separation performance but also to overcome additional daunting challenges such as humidity interference and durability requirements for sustainable use. Herein, porous organic crystals of a new macrocycle () with superhydrophobic and self-healing features are prepared and employed for the purification of methane (>99.99% purity) from ternary methane/ethane/propane mixtures under 97% relative humidity.

Association between serum levels of 12 different cytokines and short-term efficacy of chemoradiotherapy in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has a poor prognosis, with chemoradiotherapy (CRT) being a key treatment method. This study focused on circulating cytokines as potential predictors of treatment response and prognosis in patients with ESCC.

Materials And Methods: Serum samples were collected from 36 ESCC patients, and 12 different cytokines were quantified using a multiplex immunofluorescence assay.

Using deep learning to shorten the acquisition time of brain MRI in acute ischemic stroke: Synthetic T2W images generated from b0 images.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the feasibility of the deep learning in generating T2 weighted (T2W) images from diffusion-weighted imaging b0 images.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included 53 patients who underwent head magnetic resonance imaging between September 1 and September 4, 2023. Each b0 image was matched with a corresponding T2-weighted image.

Tertiary Lymphoid Structures are Linked to Enhanced Antitumor Immunity and Better Prognosis in Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer.

The prognosis for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) remains poor, and reliable prognostic markers have yet to be identified. Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) have been associated with favorable outcomes in certain cancers. However, the relationship between TLS and MIBC remains unclear.

Sulfur-vacancy engineering of CoS/TiCT-MXene catalyst for efficient oxygen evolution reaction.

Integrating conductive supports and modulating electronic structures are widely recognized as effective strategies for improving the catalytic performance of transition metal sulfides. This study demonstrates the simultaneous integration of CoS with two-dimensional TiCT-MXene and the introduction of sulfur vacancies (S) in CoS through a straightforward sintering process followed by plasma treatment, culminating in the formation of the CoS/TiCT composite. Characterization results demonstrate that the TiCT support significantly improves electrical conductivity and promotes the uniform dispersion of CoS nanoparticles.

Added value of amide proton transfer-weighted magnetic resonance imaging to Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System version 2.1 in differentiating clinically significant prostate cancer.

Background: Amide proton transfer-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (APTw-MRI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values can effectively differentiate clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa). However, their added value in Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System version 2.1 (PI-RADS v.

Bloodstream infections in pediatric hematology/oncology patients: a single-center study in Wuhan.

Bloodstream infections (BSIs) are a critical concern in pediatric onco-hematological patients undergoing chemotherapy or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), leading to a major impact on morbidity, long-term hospitalization, and mortality. We retrospectively analyzed 202 BSIs in 145 patients, consisting of 128 with hematological malignancies, one with a solid tumor, and 16 with non-malignant hematological diseases. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical characteristics, pathogen distribution, and antimicrobial pathogen susceptibility.

Efficacy and safety of selective pan-fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors in FGFR-altered urothelial carcinoma.

Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) alteration is one of the common driver alterations in urothelial carcinoma (UC). FGFR alterations contribute to anti-tumor immunity inhibition and are associated with attenuated response to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) or chemotherapy. Selective pan-FGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (FGFRi) has been approved for FGFR-altered UC.

Safety profiles of intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin in bladder cancer.

Bladder cancer (BCa) exhibits significant sex disparities, and intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is a widely used treatment for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). A comprehensive evaluation of intravesical BCG, including the safety profile and adverse events (AEs), is essential. In particular, exploring the sex differences is crucial.

LncRNA CASC9 facilitates papillary thyroid cancer development and doxorubicin resistance via miR-28-3p/BCL-2 axis and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

Background: Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is a malignant tumor that poses a serious threat to human health. LncRNA CASC9 serves as an oncogene in numerous tumors. The purpose of this study was to explore the mechanism of lncRNA CASC9 regulating doxorubicin (Dox) resistance in PTC.

Automated fiber quantification analysis identifies tract-specific microstructural alterations in brain in intermittent exotropia.

Background: Growing evidence of neuroimaging has indicated brain microstructural abnormalities in comitant strabismus. Nonetheless, few studies have investigated neuropathological alterations in patients with intermittent exotropia (IXT). This study aimed at examining the characteristics of brain microstructure along major fiber tracts in IXT patients using an automated fiber quantification analysis.

Mechanistic study of Nidus Vespae inhibiting gastric cancer in vitro through the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Nidus Vespae, an animal-derived traditional Chinese medicine, has a long-standing history in treating inflammatory conditions and tumor-related diseases. Notably, Nidus Vespae decoction (NVD) has been shown to inhibit the proliferation of gastric cancer cells, although the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

Objective: This study aimed to elucidate the efficacy and mechanisms by which NVD exerts its therapeutic effects on gastric cancer.

Early colorectal cancer diagnosis: A novel methylated stool DNA model enhanced the diagnostic efficiency.

Background: Methylated stool DNA (sDNA) is a reliable noninvasive biomarker for early colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosis. However, there are barely any diagnostic panels that can achieve both a sensitivity and specificity exceeding 90% simultaneously.

Objective: We aimed to identify a novel methylated sDNA panel and model for the early diagnosis of CRC.

Consolidation in the right middle lobe in pediatric bronchial-pulmonary artery shunt: radiology's Aunt Minnie?

Purpose: By retrospectively studying the chest computed tomography (CT) data of children with bronchial artery (BA)-pulmonary artery fistula, this study summarizes the characteristic imaging features of the disease and provides imaging support for the diagnosis and clinical treatment of these children.

Methods: Digital subtraction angiography and CT angiography data were collected from 74 children with pulmonary hemorrhage following BA embolization. Bronchial-pulmonary shunt was present in 30 cases.

Spatiotemporal cerebral blood flow dynamics underlies emergence of the limbic-sensorimotor-association cortical gradient in human infancy.

Infant cerebral blood flow (CBF) delivers nutrients and oxygen to fulfill brain energy consumption requirements for the fastest period of postnatal brain development across the lifespan. However, organizing principle of whole-brain CBF dynamics during infancy remains obscure. Leveraging a unique cohort of 100+ infants with high-resolution arterial spin labeled MRI, we find the emergence of the cortical hierarchy revealed by the highest-resolution infant CBF maps available to date.