Identification of senescence rejuvenation mechanism of extract including honokiol as a core ingredient.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) contribute to aging by mainly damaging cellular organelles and DNA. Although strategies to reduce ROS production have been proposed as important components of anti-aging therapy, effective mechanisms to lower ROS levels have not yet been identified. Here, we screened natural compounds frequently used as cosmetic ingredients to find substances that reduce ROS levels.

Clinical efficacy of the fractional ablative CO laser stacking method for depressed scars.

Depressed scars, which are unsightly outcomes of trauma or skin lesions, can lead to significant physical and mental stress. Various treatments have been developed to alleviate these burdens, among which the laser stacking method has proven effective. In this study, we compared the outcomes of laser stacking treatments with those of single-pulse ablative laser treatments for depressed scars.

Therapeutic effects of CGS21680, a selective A receptor agonist, via BDNF-related pathways in R106W mutation Rett syndrome model.

Rett syndrome (RTT) is a neurological disorder caused by a mutation in the X-linked methyl-CpG binding protein 2 (MECP2), leading to cognitive and motor skill regression. Therapeutic strategies aimed at increasing brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels have been reported; however, BDNF treatment has limitations, including the inability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier, a short half-life, and potential for adverse effects when administered via intrathecal injection, necessitating novel therapeutic approaches. In this study, we focused on the adenosine A receptor (AR), which modulates BDNF and its downstream pathways, and investigated the therapeutic potential of CGS21680, an AR agonist, through in vitro and in vivo studies using R106W RTT model.

Size Matters: Predicting Surgical Site Infection After Whole Breast Radiotherapy in the Era of Hypofractionation.

: Few studies have analyzed surgical site infections associated with hypofractionated RT. The purpose of this study was to identify risk factors for surgical site infections with a particular focus on volumetric parameters that reflect the size of the volumes treated, including tumors, surgical cavities, and breasts. : A total of 145 early breast cancer patients who were surgically staged 0-II undergoing hypofractionated RT on the whole breast were retrospectively reviewed.

Synergistic ROS Reduction Through the Co-Inhibition of BRAF and p38 MAPK Ameliorates Senescence.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated damage to macromolecules and cellular organelles is one of the major causes of senescence. Therapeutic strategies that lower ROS levels have been proposed as important treatments for senescence, but effective mechanisms for reducing ROS levels have not been discovered. Here, we aimed to find a combination that has a synergistic effect on ROS reduction using senomorphics known to reduce ROS.

The use of artificial intelligence in predicting maximal intercuspal position: A feasibility study.

Purpose: Artificial intelligence (AI) may be used to learn and predict the maxillomandibular relationship, particularly when the number of occluding teeth pairs is insufficient. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of training a new two-stage coarse-to-fine teeth alignment pipeline AI system in predicting maxillomandibular relationships based on the occlusal morphology of antagonistic teeth.

Methods: Maxillary and mandibular stone casts were collected and scanned at the maximal intercuspal position (MIP).

Senescence Rejuvenation through Reduction in Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species Generation by Extract: In Vitro Evidence.

Oxidative stress caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) is one of the major causes of senescence. Strategies to reduce ROS are known to be important factors in reversing senescence, but effective strategies have not been found. In this study, we screened substances commonly used as cosmetic additives to find substances with antioxidant effects.

Identification of Cellular Isoschaftoside-Mediated Anti-Senescence Mechanism in and .

As cellular senescence, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulate excessively, causing cellular damage. Flavonoids derived from natural products are known for their antioxidant effects and their ability to delay cellular senescence. Previous studies have attempted to mitigate cellular senescence using flavonoids from natural sources.

Promotion of maturation of human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes via treatment with the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha agonist Fenofibrate.

As research on in vitro cardiotoxicity assessment and cardiac disease modeling becomes more important, the demand for human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hPSC-CMs) is increasing. However, it has been reported that differentiated hPSC-CMs are in a physiologically immature state compared to in vivo adult CMs. Since immaturity of hPSC-CMs can lead to poor drug response and loss of acquired heart disease modeling, various approaches have been attempted to promote maturation of CMs.

Regulation of Betaine Homocysteine Methyltransferase by Liver Receptor Homolog-1 in the Methionine Cycle.

Betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase (BHMT) is one of the most abundant proteins in the liver and regulates homocysteine metabolism. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying transcription have not yet been elucidated. This study aimed to assess the molecular mechanisms underlying transcription and the effect of BHMT deficiency on metabolic functions in the liver mediated by liver receptor homolog-1 (LRH-1).

Findings from the 2019 nationally representative oral health survey for adults in Singapore.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to present key findings from the 2019 national adult oral health survey in Singapore (NAOHS).

Methods: A multi-stage stratified sampling method was used to recruit participants for a representative national adult oral health survey. A total of 12 212 households were randomly selected from the National Database on Dwellings in Singapore.

Evaluation of the cardiotoxicity potential of bisphenol analogues in human induced pluripotent stem cells derived cardiomyocytes.

The importance of evaluating the cardiotoxicity potential of common chemicals as well as new drugs is increasing as a result of the development of animal alternative test methods using human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CM). Bisphenol A (BPA), which is used as a main material in plastics, is known as an endocrine-disrupting chemical, and recently reported to cause cardiotoxicity through inhibition of ion channels in CMs even with acute exposure. Accordingly, the need for the development of alternatives to BPA has been highlighted, and structural analogues including bisphenol AF, C, E, F, and S have been developed.

Oral health knowledge, attitudes and behaviours of adults: Findings from a National Oral Health Survey in Singapore.

Objectives: Prevention complements the curative management of oral diseases. Effective preventive interventions involve the adoption of oral health promoting behaviours. Little is known about the awareness of oral disease and its prevention among Singaporean adults as well as their prevailing oral health attitudes and behaviours.

mycelia cultured in MEB medium produce metabolites with anticancer property.

Cancer cells are characterized by apoptosis evasion and uncontrolled cell cycle progression. To combat these characteristics, efforts have been made to find novel natural-source anticancer compounds. The aim of this work is to find new anticancer compounds in () mycelial culture extracts.

Full-Color Generation via Phototunable Mono Ink for Fast and Elaborate Printings.

Unlike pigment-based colors, which are determined by their molecular structure, diverse colors can be expressed by a regular arrangement of nanomaterials. However, existing techniques for constructing such nanostructures have struggled to combine high precision and speed, resulting in a narrow gamut, and prolonged color fabrication time. Here, this work reports a phototunable mono ink that can generate a wide range of colors by controlling regularly arranged nanostructure.

Brachial plexus block using only 1% lidocaine to reduce pain during the endovascular treatment of dysfunctional arteriovenous access.

Background: Interventional endovascular treatments of dysfunctional arteriovenous (AV) access for hemodialysis can cause pain and discomfort to the patients. Ultrasound-guided brachial plexus block (BPB) is an alternative regional anesthesia method, but conventional BPB using ropivacaine or bupivacaine may cause long-lasting motor power loss, significantly reducing patient satisfaction. This study aimed to introduce BPB using only 1% lidocaine, which induces sensory loss while minimizing motor block, and evaluate the efficacy and safety of this procedure.

Effects of Plant-Based Extract Mixture on Alcohol Metabolism and Hangover Improvement in Humans: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Paralleled, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.

Hangovers are uncomfortable physiological symptoms after alcohol consumption caused by acetaldehyde, a toxic substance in which alcohol is metabolized by alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH). Rapid alcohol and acetaldehyde decomposition are essential to alleviate alcohol handling symptoms. This study investigated the effects of HY_IPA combined with , and on alleviating hangovers.

Clinical efficacy of platelet-rich plasma combined with arthroscopic meniscal plasty on pain, function and physiologic indicators in elderly patients with knee meniscus injury: a retrospective observational study.

Objective: To explore the clinical efficacy of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) combined with arthroscopic meniscal plasty on meniscus injury of the knee joint in the elderly.

Methods: Fifty-six elderly patients with meniscus injuries were evaluated, including 28 patients who underwent arthroscopic meniscal repair and 28 patients who underwent arthroscopic meniscus repair combined with PRP injection. Primary outcomes included visual analogue scale (VAS), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), Lysholm score, Lequesne index, Range of motion (ROM), and secondary outcomes included bone gla-protein (BGP), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1).

CD38 marks the exhausted CD8 tissue-resident memory T cells in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Introduction: Despite recent advances in immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the overall modest response rate underscores the need for a better understanding of the tumor microenvironment (TME) of HCC. We have previously shown that CD38 is widely expressed on tumor-infiltrating leukocytes (TILs), predominantly on CD3 T cells and monocytes. However, its specific role in the HCC TME remains unclear.

Targeting Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress as a Strategy to Treat Aging and Age-Related Diseases.

Mitochondria are one of the organelles undergoing rapid alteration during the senescence process. Senescent cells show an increase in mitochondrial size, which is attributed to the accumulation of defective mitochondria, which causes mitochondrial oxidative stress. Defective mitochondria are also targets of mitochondrial oxidative stress, and the vicious cycle between defective mitochondria and mitochondrial oxidative stress contributes to the onset and development of aging and age-related diseases.

A novel hybrid promoter capable of continuously producing proteins in high yield.

The establishment of cell lines with a high protein production is the most crucial objective in the field of biopharmaceuticals. To this end, efforts have been made to increase transgene expression through promoter improvement, but the efficiency or stability of protein production was insufficient for use in commercial production. Here, we developed a novel strategy to increase the efficiency and stability of protein production by hybridizing a promoter that exhibits higher expression levels at the transient level with a promoter that exhibits higher stability at the stable level.

Functional restoration of lysosomes and mitochondria through modulation of AKT activity ameliorates senescence.

Senescence is a phenomenon defined by alterations in cellular organelles and is the primary cause of aging and aging-related diseases. Recent studies have shown that oncogene-induced senescence is driven by activation of serine/threonine protein kinases (AKT1, AKT2 and AKT3). In this study, we evaluated twelve AKT inhibitors and revealed GDC0068 as a potential agent to ameliorate senescence.

Potential anti-ageing effects of probiotic-derived conditioned media on human skin cells.

In this study, the protective functions of bacteria-free conditioned media from and species against ultraviolet radiation-induced skin ageing and associated cellular damage were investigated. The effects of ultraviolet radiation-induced reactive oxygen species production were suppressed by all conditioned media; particularly, the loss of cell viability and downregulation of collagen gene expression were significantly reversed by the conditioned media from and . Further exa mination of potential anti-pigmentation effects revealed that the -derived conditioned media significantly inhibited tyrosinase activity and alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone-induced melanin production in human epidermal melanocytes.