Exploring the Relationship Between Gut Microbiota and Sarcopenia Based on Gut-Muscle Axis.

Sarcopenia, as a disease characterized by progressive decline of quality, strength, and function of muscles, has posed an increasingly significant threat to the health of middle-aged and elderly individuals in recent years. With the continuous deepening of studies, the concept of gut-muscle axis has attracted widespread attention worldwide, and the occurrence and development of sarcopenia are believed to be closely related to the composition and functional alterations of gut microbiota. In this review, combined with existing literatures and clinical reports, we have summarized the role and impacts of gut microbiota on the muscle, the relevance between gut microbiota and sarcopenia, potential mechanisms of gut microbiota in the modulation of sarcopenia, potential methods to alleviate sarcopenia by modulating gut microbiota, and relevant advances and perspectives, thus contributing to adding more novel knowledge to this research direction and providing certain reference for future related studies.

Enhancing osteogenic differentiation of diabetic tendon stem/progenitor cells through hyperoxia: Unveiling ROS/HIF-1α signalling axis.

Diabetic calcific tendinopathy is the leading cause of chronic pain, mobility restriction, and tendon rupture in patients with diabetes. Tendon stem/progenitor cells (TSPCs) have been implicated in the development of diabetic calcified tendinopathy, but the molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This study found that diabetic tendons have a hyperoxic environment, characterized by increased oxygen delivery channels and carriers.

RBP4 promotes denervation-induced muscle atrophy through STRA6-dependent pathway.

Backgrounds: Fat infiltration of skeletal muscle has been recognized as a common feature of many degenerative muscle disorders. Retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) is an adipokine that has been demonstrated to be correlated with the presence and severity of sarcopenia in the elderly. However, the exact role and the underlying mechanism of RBP4 in muscle atrophy remains unclear.

Dislocations deteriorate postoperative functional outcomes in supination-external rotation ankle fractures.

Purpose: To assess the relationship between dislocation and functional outcomes in supination-external rotation (SER) ankle fractures.

Methods: A retrospective case series study was performed on patients with ankle fractures treated surgically at a large trauma center from January 2015 to December 2021. The inclusion criteria were young and middle-aged patients of 18-65 years with SER ankle fractures that can be classified by Lauge-Hansen classification and underwent surgery at our trauma center.

Injectable self-assembled GDF5-containing dipeptide hydrogels for enhanced tendon repair.

Owing to the tissue characteristics of tendons with few blood vessels and cells, the regeneration and repair of injured tendons can present a considerable challenge, which considerably affects the motor function of limbs and leads to serious physical and mental pain, along with an economic burden on patients. Herein, we designed and fabricated a dipeptide hydrogel (DPH) using polypeptides P11-4 and P11-8. This hydrogel exhibited self-assembly characteristics and could be administered .

Heterotopic mineralization (ossification or calcification) in aged musculoskeletal soft tissues: A new candidate marker for aging.

Aging can lead to various disorders in organisms and with the escalating impact of population aging, the incidence of age-related diseases is steadily increasing. As a major risk factor for chronic illnesses in humans, the prevention and postponement of aging have become focal points of research among numerous scientists. Aging biomarkers, which mirror molecular alterations at diverse levels in organs, tissues, and cells, can be used to monitor and evaluate biological changes associated with aging.

The supplementation of as a potential preventive approach for bone loss in mice with ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis.

There is an inseparable link between bone metabolism and gut microbiota, and the supplementation of probiotics exhibits a significant role in maintaining the homeostasis of gut microbiota and inhibiting bone loss. This study aims to explore the preventive and therapeutic potentials and the specific mechanisms of on osteoporosis. The mice models of osteoporosis induced by ovariectomy (OVX) were built, and the regular (once a day) and quantitative (200 μL/d) gavage of was performed for 8 weeks starting from 1 week after OVX.

Machine learning applications for the prediction of extended length of stay in geriatric hip fracture patients.

Background: Geriatric hip fractures are one of the most common fractures in elderly individuals, and prolonged hospital stays increase the risk of death and complications. Machine learning (ML) has become prevalent in clinical data processing and predictive models. This study aims to develop ML models for predicting extended length of stay (eLOS) among geriatric patients with hip fractures and to identify the associated risk factors.

Relationships among body weight, lipids and bone mass in elderly individuals with fractures: A case-control study.

Background: The prevalence of osteoporosis and low bone mass is steadily rising each year. Low body weight is commonly linked to diminished bone mass and serves as a robust predictor of osteoporosis. Nonetheless, the connection between body mass index (BMI), bone mineral density, and lipid profiles among the elderly remains elusive.

The Preventive Effects of Probiotic on the Bone Loss of Mice with Ovariectomy-Mediated Osteoporosis.

It has been demonstrated that the disturbance of gut microbiota (GM) is closely related to the reduction of bone mass and incidence of osteoporosis (OP). The aim of this study is to investigate whether the supplementation of (Ph) can prevent the bone loss in mice with ovariectomy (OVX)-mediated OP, and further explore relevant mechanisms. Regular (once a day for 8 consecutive weeks) and quantitative (200 µL/d) perfusion of Ph (the bacteria that orally gavaged) was conducted starting from 1 week after the construction of mice models.

Linking the relation between gut microbiota and glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis.

Osteoporosis (OP) is the most prevalent metabolic bone disease, characterized by the low bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue. Glucocorticoid (GC) clinically acts as one of the anti-inflammatory, immune-modulating, and therapeutic drugs, whereas the long-term use of GC may cause rapid bone resorption, followed by prolonged and profound suppression of bone formation, resulting in the GC-induced OP (GIOP). GIOP ranks the first among secondary OP and is a pivotal risk for fracture, as well as high disability rate and mortality, at both societal and personal levels, vital costs.

General Anesthesia Versus Regional Anesthesia in the Elderly Patients Undergoing Hip Fracture Surgeries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.

Background: Surgery is the preferred treatment option for the elderly patients with hip fractures. However, the choice of general anesthesia (GA) or regional anesthesia (RA) remains controversial. The quality of evidence has further improved with the advent of several high-quality randomized clinical trials (RCTs) in the last two years.

Targeting Senescent Tendon Stem/Progenitor Cells to Prevent or Treat Age-Related Tendon Disorders.

Age-related tendon disorder, a primary motor system disease, is characterized by biological changes in the tendon tissue due to senescence and seriously affects the quality of life of the elderly. The pathogenesis of this disease is not well-understood. Tendon stem/progenitor cells (TSPCs) exhibit multi-differentiation capacity.

What are Risk Factors of Postoperative Pneumonia in Geriatric Individuals after Hip Fracture Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Postoperative pneumonia (POP) is a common postoperative complication. Negative consequences associated with POP included prolonged hospital length of stay, more frequent intensive care unit (ICU) stays, and a higher rate of sepsis, readmission, and mortality. This meta-analysis aimed to assess the incidence and risk factors associated with POP after hip fracture surgery in elderly patients.

Fecal microbiota transplantation as a promising treatment option for osteoporosis.

Osteoporosis is a systemic metabolic bone disease characterized by the descending bone mass and destruction of bone microstructure, which tends to result in the increased bone fragility and associated fractures, as well as high disability rate and mortality. The relation between gut microbiota and bone metabolism has gradually become a research hotspot, and it has been verified that gut microbiota is closely associated with reduction of bone mass and incidence of osteoporosis recently. As a novel "organ transplantation" technique, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) mainly refers to the transplantation of gut microbiota from healthy donors to recipients with gut microbiota imbalance, so that the gut microbiota in recipients can be reshaped and play a normal function, and further prevent or treat the diseases related to gut microbiota disorder.

A narrative review of the moderating effects and repercussion of exercise intervention on osteoporosis: ingenious involvement of gut microbiota and its metabolites.

Osteoporosis (OP) is a systemic bone disease characterized by the decreased bone mass and destruction of bone microstructure, which tends to result in the enhanced bone fragility and related fractures, as well as high disability rate and mortality. Exercise is one of the most common, reliable and cost-effective interventions for the prevention and treatment of OP currently, and numerous studies have revealed the close association between gut microbiota (GM) and bone metabolism recently. Moreover, exercise can alter the structure, composition and abundance of GM, and further influence the body health via GM and its metabolites, and the changes of GM also depend on the choice of exercise modes.

Fecal microbiota transplantation ameliorates bone loss in mice with ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis via modulating gut microbiota and metabolic function.

Background: Osteoporosis (OP) is a systemic metabolic bone disease characterized by decreased bone mass and destruction of bone microstructure, which tends to result in enhanced bone fragility and related fractures. The postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) has a relatively high proportion, and numerous studies reveal that estrogen-deficiency is related to the imbalance of gut microbiota (GM), impaired intestinal mucosal barrier function and enhanced inflammatory reactivity. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear and the existing interventions are also scarce.

A sophisticated fracture classification system of the proximal femur trochanteric region (AO/OTA-31A) based on 3D-CT images.

Objective: Fracture classification evolves dynamically with new and enhanced imaging modalities. This paper aims to introduce a novel hypothesis of a sophisticated fracture classification system for the proximal femur trochanteric region (AO/OTA-31A) based on 3D-CT images and accommodate the clinical requirement of the worldwide outbreak of geriatric hip fractures with large amounts of surgical operations.

Methods: In the current practice of widely preoperative 3D-CT application and cephalomedullary nailing, we attempt to propose a new comprehensive classification system to describe the fracture characteristics in a more detailed and sophisticated architecture, and pay the most important concern to the parameters that contribute to fracture stability reconstruction in osteosynthesis.

Short report: relationship between self-reported sleep characteristics and falls-associated fractures in elderly individuals: a population-based study.

Currently, the data for effect of sleep on falls-associated fractures in elderly individuals are still limited. This current study was aimed to assess the link between self-reported sleep characteristics and falls-associated fractures in elderly individuals. This study included a total of 20,497 participants from National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2008, and 6,174 participants aged 45 years and older were identified.

A systematic review of ankle fracture-dislocations: Recent update and future prospects.

Background: Ankle fracture-dislocations are one of the most severe types of ankle injuries. Compared to the simple ankle fractures, ankle fracture-dislocations are usually more severely traumatized and can cause worse functional outcomes. The purpose of this study was to review the previous literatures to understand the anatomy, mechanisms, treatment, and functional outcomes associated with ankle fracture-dislocations.

Risk factors for postoperative delirium in geriatric patients with hip fracture: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to identify the potential risk factors for postoperative delirium in geriatric patients with hip fracture.

Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library were searched from inception until December 31st, 2021. A combined searching strategy of subject words and free words was adopted.

The Efficacy and Safety of Intravenous Iron in Geriatric Hip Fracture Surgeries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: With the increasing evidence provided by recent high-quality studies, the intravenous iron appears to be a reliable therapy for blood administration in geriatric patients with hip fractures. Here, this systematic review and meta-analysis were aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of intravenous iron in geriatric patients sustaining hip fractures.

Methods: Potential pertinent literatures evaluating the effects of intravenous iron in the geriatric patients undergoing hip fractures were identified from Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, and Scopus.