Engineering Escherichia coli for high-yielding 2,5-Dimethylpyrazine synthesis from L-Threonine by reconstructing metabolic pathways and enhancing cofactors regeneration.

2,5-Dimethylpyrazine (2,5-DMP) is important pharmaceutical raw material and food flavoring agent. Recently, engineering microbes to produce 2,5-DMP has become an attractive alternative to chemical synthesis approach. In this study, metabolic engineering strategies were used to optimize the modified Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) strain for efficient synthesis of 2,5-DMP using L-threonine dehydrogenase (EcTDH) from Escherichia coli BL21, NADH oxidase (EhNOX) from Enterococcus hirae, aminoacetone oxidase (ScAAO) from Streptococcus cristatus and L-threonine transporter protein (EcSstT) from Escherichia coli BL21, respectively.

Two new species inhabiting the phyllosphere discovered in the Baotianman Nature Reserve in China.

The genus is kind of species-scarce and undersampling basidiomycetes. Currently, only six species have been accepted into the genus and the diversity still remains incompletely understood. In this study, five strains were isolated in the surface of plant leaves collected from the Baotianman Nature Reserve, Henan Province, central China.

Two new phyllospheric species of (Colacogloeaceae, Pucciniomycotina) identified in China.

During our ongoing survey of basidiomycetous yeasts associated with plant leaves in virgin forest, five strains were isolated in the Baotianman Nature Reserve, Henan Province, central China. Phenotypes from cultures and a phylogeny based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions and the D1/D2 domains of the large subunit (LSU) rRNA gene were employed to characterize and identify these isolates. As a result, two new species, namely and , are introduced herein.

Predesign of Catalytically Active Sites via Stable Coordination Cluster Model System for Electroreduction of CO to Ethylene.

Purposefully designing the well-defined catalysts for the selective electroreduction of CO to C H is an extremely important but challenging work. In this work, three crystalline trinuclear copper clusters (Cu -X, X=Cl , Br , NO ) have been designed, containing three active Cu sites with the identical coordination environment and appropriate spatial distance, delivering high selectivity for the electrocatalytic reduction of CO to C H . The highest faradaic efficiency of Cu -X for CO -to-C H conversion can be adjusted from 31.

A well-defined dual Mn-site based metal-organic framework to promote CO reduction/evolution in Li-CO batteries.

A series of Li-CO2 battery cathode materials are reported based on metal-organic frameworks with dual-metal sites containing a metalloporphyrin and a metal-coordinated pyrazole. MnTPzP-Mn demonstrates a low voltage hysteresis of 1.05 V at 100 mA g-1 and good stability of 90 cycles at 200 mA g-1.

Expression of Novel -Leucine Dehydrogenase and High-Level Production of -Tert-Leucine Catalyzed by Engineered .

Leucine dehydrogenase (LDH) is a NAD-dependent oxidoreductase, which can selectively catalyze α-keto acids to obtain α-amino acids and their derivatives. It plays a key role in the biosynthesis of -tert-leucine (-Tle). As a non-naturally chiral amino acid, -Tle can be used as an animal feed additive, nutrition fortifier, which is a perspective and important building block in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food additive industry.

[Community structure and leaf trait diversity in a vulnerable species, Phoebe chekiangensis (Lauraceae).].

Phoebe chekiangensis, as one original species of 'Nanmu with golden tint', harbors limited natural distribution regions, which is recognized as a vulnerable species in China under nationwide protection. Under the background of global climate change, it is of scientific significance to study the community structure and diversity of the natural populations of P. chekiangensis.

Whole-genome resequencing reveals candidate mutations for pig prolificacy.

Changes in pig fertility have occurred as a result of domestication, but are not understood at the level of genetic variation. To identify variations potentially responsible for prolificacy, we sequenced the genomes of the highly prolific Taihu pig breed and four control breeds. Genes involved in embryogenesis and morphogenesis were targeted in the Taihu pig, consistent with the morphological differences observed between the Taihu pig and others during pregnancy.

Cyberlindnera xishuangbannaensis f.a., sp. nov., a yeast isolated from rotting wood.

Three strains representing a novel species of yeast were isolated from samples of rotting wood collected from Xishuangbanna Tropical Rainforest in Yunnan Province, PR China. Phylogenetic analysis based on the concatenated sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and the D1/D2 domains of the large subunit (LSU) rRNA gene revealed that the novel species is a member of the genus Cyberlindnera, although the formation of ascospores was not observed. The novel species was related most closely to the type strain of the species Candida pattaniensis, but they had a 0.

Ogataea neixiangensis sp. nov. and Ogataea paraovalis f.a., sp. nov., two methanol-assimilating yeast species isolated from rotting wood.

Four yeast strains were isolated from rotting wood samples collected in the Baotianman Nature Reserve in Henan Province, central China. The sequences of the D1/D2 domains of the large subunit rRNA gene and the internal transcribed spacer regions showed that these four strains represent two different undescribed yeast species belonging to the Ogataea clade. Ogataea neixiangensis sp.

[Study of Retrieving the Sandy Surface Roughness Land Based on the Bidirectional Reflectance Model].

In the semiarid area, the structural nature of sandy land is changed due to wind erosion. Furthermore, assessing the changes in the composition and surface roughness in several spatial and temporal scales is significant for the wind erosion model calculations. As a noninvasive approach, remote sensing can be used to improve the study of sandy surface in time and space.

[Effects of ligustrazine on extracellular dopamine levels in rat brain dialysate].

Using brain microdialysis and LC-ECD, the content of dopamine in rat brain was detected to investigate the effects of ligustrazine. A liquid chromatography-electrochemical detector method has been established and validated for the determination of dopamine in rat brain dialysate. The results indicate that ligustrazine administration by subcutaneous injection significantly increased dopamine release in rat medial prefrontal cortex, nucleus accumbens and hippocampus in a dose-related manner.

[Study of hyperspectral polarized reflectance of vegetation canopy at nadir viewing direction].

In the present study, corn canopy is the objective. Firstly the polarization of corn canopy was analyzed based on polarization reflection mechanism; then, the polarization of canopy was measured in different growth period at nadir before heading. The result proved the theoretical derivation that the light reflected from corn canopy is polarized, and found that in the total reflection the polarization light accounts for up to 10%.

[The analysis of polarization of ice based on the multi-angle hyperspectral technique].

In the visible light range, the reflected light of ice contains a portion of polarized light, especially smooth ice often can make the detector obtain the reflection information that contains more polarization information. The fresh water ice and sea ice reflection information was measured, and combined with the angle information and spectral information, the difference in the polarized reflectance characteristics between them was analyzed. It was found that with the polarization degree as index, the difference in the relative reflectance between sea ice and water ice is larger, and at the same time ice shows its unique polarization characteristics.

A non-labeled DNA biosensor based on light addressable potentiometric sensor modified with TiO2 thin film.

Titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) thin film was deposited on the surface of the light addressable potentiometric sensor (LAPS) to modify the sensor surface for the non-labeled detection of DNA molecules. To evaluate the effect of ultraviolet (UV) treatment on the silanization level of TiO(2) thin film by 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTS), fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) was used to label the amine group on the end of APTS immobilized onto the TiO(2) thin film. We found that, with UV irradiation, the silanization level of the irradiated area of the TiO(2) film was improved compared with the non-irradiated area under well-controlled conditions.

[Study on the modeling of hyperspectral polarized reflection of clove lamina with chlorophyll content].

In the present study, the authors detected clove laminas in different states with multi-angle hyperspectral polarized reflections and measured their chlorophyll content at the same time. The authors analyzed hyperspectral polarized reflections of clove laminas from various viewing zenith angles, incidence angles, the relative azimuth angles, polarized states and chlorophyll content. The authors calculated quantitatively clove laminas in different states with multi-angle hyperspectral polarized reflection by USB2000, bidirectional polarized reflectance and polarized equipment, and built the regression models of polarized information-chlorophyll content.

[Effects of multi-angle hyperspectral polarized reflection by forest soil].

In the present study, the authors measured samples of typical forest soils in different states with multi-angle hyperspectral polarized reflections. The authors analyzed multi-angle hyperspectral polarized reflections of soil data with various viewing zenith angles, incidence angles, relative azimuth angles, polarized states, soil water content and soil granule. The authors found that those factors affected the reflectance values of forest soils but not the spectral feature.

[Effects of ligustrazine on extracellular acetylcholine levels in rat brain dialysate].

Using brain microdialysis and LC-MS/MS to detect acetylcholine in rat brain to investigate the effects of ligustrazine. A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method has been developed and validated for the determination of acetylcholine in rat brain dialysate sampling by microdialysis. The results indicated that ligustrazine administration by subcutaneous injection significantly increased Ach release in rat medial prefrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens in a dose-related manner.