Is functional training functional? a systematic review of its effects in community-dwelling older adults.

Background: Age-related decline in physical and cognitive capacity increases older adults' risk of disability, long-term care placement, and mortality rate. Functional training, which uses activities of daily living or simulated movements to complete activities as the intervention medium, could be more effective than rote exercise, which uses repetitive movements without added purpose, in preventing late-life disability in older people. With a growing number of studies in this area, systematically studying the effect of functional training is needed.

Visual Dysfunction and Occupational Performance in Persons With Parkinson's Disease.

Importance: Visual function is critical to support occupational performance for persons with Parkinson's disease (PwP), yet it can be adversely affected by the disease.

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and general awareness of visual dysfunction and identify the association between visual dysfunction and occupational performance in PwP.

Design: Self-reported cross-sectional electronic survey.

Mucin degrader accelerates intestinal stem cell-mediated epithelial development.

Mucin-degrading bacteria are densely populated in the intestinal epithelium; however, their interaction with intestinal stem cells (ISCs) and their progeny have not been elucidated. To determine whether mucin-degrading bacteria play a role in gut homeostasis, mice were treated with , a specialized species that degrades mucin. Administration of for 4 weeks accelerated the proliferation of Lgr5 ISCs and promoted the differentiation of Paneth cells and goblet cells in the small intestine (SI).