Role of microRNAs in non-functioning pituitary adenoma.

Non-functioning pituitary adenomas account for 30% of anterior pituitary tumours. Based on their inability to secrete hormones, these are often diagnosed incidentally or due to pressure symptoms. Understanding the pathogenesis of these adenomas can provide insight into factors leading to its progression and serving as biomarkers for early recognition.

Human Papillomavirus and Human Cytomegalovirus Infection and Association with Prognosis in Patients with Primary Glioblastoma in Pakistan.

Objective: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common adult primary brain tumor. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) has been studied for the past decade, and conflicting results have been reported with no conclusive role established yet. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is involved in the pathogenesis of many cancers and has a high prevalence in patients with cervical and oral cancer in Pakistan.

Association of Obesity and Thyroid Cancer at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Pakistan.

Objective Thyroid cancer (TC) is one of the most common endocrine malignancies with a rapidly increasing worldwide presence. In Pakistan, it is more prevalent in females than males and has an incidence rate of 2.1%.

Correlation of TP53 Overexpression and Clinical Parameters with Five-Year Survival in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients.

Introduction TP53 mutation and overexpression have been correlated with poor survival in many cancers including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). We aim to understand the role of TP53 overexpression in OSCC in our population and correlate it with five-year survival to test its viability as a prognostic marker for OSCC patients. Materials and methods Patients with biopsy proven OSCC at Aga Khan University Hospital from January 2000 to January 2008 were recruited.

Comparison of Polymerase Chain Reaction and Immunohistochemistry Assays for Analysing Human Papillomavirus Infection in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Introduction: Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and Immunohistochemistry (IHC) are two well-known techniques used for the diagnoses of genetic diseases, tumours and different pathogens. PCR basically amplify regions of DNA within a single molecule which may have etiologic significance, it is a method for in vitro amplification of specific DNA or RNA sequences, whereas IHC is used to verify tissue constituents (the antigens) with the utilization of specific antibodies that can be visualized through staining.

Aim: To compare and analyse PCR and IHC for their sensitivity to detect Human Papillomavirus (HPV) in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC).