Phytic acid-modified carboxymethyl cellulose-based hydrogels for efficient removal of methylene blue dye.

With the rapid development of science and technology, the discharge of industrial wastewater, especially dye wastewater, has caused great harm to the ecological environment. In response to the pollution caused by cationic organic dyes in industrial wastewater, this study employed free radical polymerization to prepare a new hydrogel adsorbent, PAA-PA-CMC, which exhibits both reusability and a large adsorption capacity. Phytic acid (PA) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) were introduced into the acrylic acid-based polymer network using N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide (MBA) and glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) as cross-linking agents.

Manganese Ions Chelated Tumosomes as Autologous Cancer Nanovaccines for Effective Suppression of Postsurgical Tumor Relapse.

Autologous cancer vaccines represent a promising strategy to effectively suppress postoperative tumor relapse by eliciting tumor-specific immune responses that highly rely on the efficient internalization and lymph node-targeting delivery of vaccines. Herein, we report an autologous nanovaccine obtained by sequentially incorporating tumor plasma membrane proteins into liposomes, termed tumosomes, and chelating it with metallo-agonist of manganese ions. The yielded Mn-tumosomes with a positively charged surface exhibited significantly enhanced internalization by dendritic cells and enhanced lymph node targeting capacity, the latter of which is indicated by the near-infrared II fluorescence of silver sulfide nanoprobes labeled on their lipid bilayers.

Thermal-responsive activation of engineered bacteria to trigger antitumor immunity post microwave ablation therapy.

Incomplete tumor removal after microwave ablation (MWA), a widely used hyperthermia-based therapy, can result in tumor recurrence. Herein, attenuated Salmonella typhimurium VNP20009 is engineered to release interleukin-15&interleukin-15-receptor-alpha (IL-15&IL-15Rα) in response to mildly elevated temperature. Such 15&15R@VNP colonizes in tumors upon intravenous injection, and the expression of IL-15&IL-15Rα is triggered by MWA.

Application of 3D-printed resin guides for the removal of molar fiber posts.

Objective: To evaluate the digital guide technique for removing fiber posts from molars and compare it with the conventional microscope-assisted ultrasound method.

Methods: Two mandibular dentition models, each comprising six extracted molars, were prepared. Two thick and straight canals distributed separately in the distal and mesial roots of each molar were selected for placing the fiber posts.

Engineered VNP20009 expressing IL-15&15Rα augments anti-tumor immunity for bladder cancer treatment.

Surgical resection combined with intravesical instillation of chemotherapeutics or Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) to remove residual cancer cells is the gold standard for the clinical treatment of patients with bladder cancer. In a recent clinical trial, a new super-agonist complex of IL-15 - N803, has shown promising results when used in combination with BCG to treat patients with bladder cancer who do not respond to BCG. Herein, we used temperature-controlled pBV220 plasmid encoding Interleukin-15 and its receptor alpha subunit (IL-15&15Rα) to transform VNP20009, an attenuated salmonella typhimurium strain, obtaining engineered bacteria named 15&15Rα@VNP.

Manganese-mediated potentiation of antitumor immune responses by enhancing KLRG1 Macrophage function.

Manganese (Mn) play a crucial role in various biological processes in the body. Studies have primarily focused on their ability to enhance immune cell function and activation against tumors, particularly in dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages, and T cells. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are often the most abundant immune cell population present in the tumor microenvironment (TME).

The impact of differential pricing subject on consumer behavior.

The escalating use of artificial intelligence in marketing significantly impacts all aspects of consumer life. This research, grounded in attribution theory and S-O-R theory, employs scenario-based experimental methods to simulate two distinct purchasing contexts. The aim is to investigate consumers' psychological and behavioral responses to AI-initiated pricing.

Effects of 10-MDP calcium salt on osteoblasts and fibroblasts.

Objective: 10-methacryloyloxidecyl dihydrogen phosphate monomer (10-MDP) is commonly used as a bonding monomer in universal adhesives. Adhesives that contain this monomer can directly contact the surrounding periodontium due to the chemical binding of 10-MDP with hydroxyapatite in hard tissue to form calcium salts. However, the effect of these calcium salts on the periodontium in the case of subgingival fillings remains poorly understood.

Engineered probiotics with sustained release of interleukin-2 for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease after oral delivery.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a kind of auto-immune disease characterized by disrupted intestinal barrier and mucosal epithelium, imbalanced gut microbiome and deregulated immune responses. Therefore, the restoration of immune equilibrium and gut microbiota could potentially serve as a hopeful approach for treating IBD. Herein, the oral probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (ECN) was genetically engineered to express secretable interleukin-2 (IL-2), a kind of immunomodulatory agent, for the treatment of IBD.

Exploring the multifaceted potential of (R)-ketamine beyond antidepressant applications.

(, )- and ()-ketamine have made significant progress in the treatment of treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and have become a research focus in recent years. However, they both have risks of psychomimetic effects, dissociative effects, and abuse liability, which limit their clinical use. Recent preclinical and clinical studies have shown that ()-ketamine has a more efficient and lasting antidepressant effect with fewer side effects compared to (, )- and ()-ketamine.

Combination of IL-33 with PD-1 blockade augment mILC2s-mediated anti-tumor immunity.

Background: Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) represent one of the main tissue-specific innate lymphoid cell populations, which are key drivers of cytokine secretion in their occupational niche. However, the precise involvement of ILC2s in cancer immunity and their potential impact on immunotherapeutic approaches remain poorly understood.

Methods: The proportion of ILC2s originating from various tissue sources were quantified through flow cytometry, along with the determination of CD4 T cell and CD8 T cell percentages.

Novel prognostic signature for lung adenocarcinoma based on immune-related mRNA pairs.

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a highly lethal malignant tumor. While the involvement of multiple mRNAs in the progression of LUAD is well established, the potential diagnostic value of immune-related mRNAs (irmRNAs) in LUAD remains largely unexplored. In this study, we utilized RNA-seq, clinical data, and immune-related gene information from LUAD patients to identify differentially expressed immune-related mRNAs (DEirmRNAs) and developed a predictive risk model based on specific DEirmRNA pairs closely linked with patient prognosis.

'Gold' lost in restoration: Evaluation of core morphology of custom metal posts and cores, and analysis of precious metal debris.

1 Objectives: To investigate the deviations between the morphological dimensions of finished cores and desired dimensions made by three available fabricating techniques. To assess the precious metal loss in custom precious metal post and core restorative treatment in the dental clinic.

2 Methods: Titanium posts and cores were fabricated using three different techniques: digital scanning impression technology, digital scanning wax-pattern technology, and the traditional lost-wax casting method.

Lens-free auto-focusing imaging algorithm for the ultra-broadband light source.

Auto-focusing is an essential task for lens-free holographic microscopy, which has developed many methods for high precision or fast refocusing. In this work, we derive the relationship among intensity derivation, the derivative of spectral distribution, as well as the distribution of the object, and propose a new auto-focusing criterion, the Robert critical function with axial difference (RCAD), to enhance the accuracy of distance estimation for lens-free imaging with the ultra-broadband light source. This method consists of three steps: image acquisition and preprocessing, axial-difference calculation, and distance estimation with sharpness analysis.

Gel-mediated recruitment of conventional type 1 dendritic cells potentiates the therapeutic effects of radiotherapy.

The efficacy of radiotherapy has not yet achieved optimal results, partially due to insufficient priming and infiltration of effector immune cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME), which often exhibits suppressive phenotypes. In particular, the infiltration of X-C motif chemokine receptor 1 (XCR1)-expressing conventional type-1 dendritic cells (cDC1s), which are critical in priming CD8 cytotoxic T cells, within the TME is noticeably restricted. Hence, we present a facile methodology for the efficient fabrication of a calcium phosphate hydrogel loaded with X-C motif chemokine ligand 1 (XCL1) to selectively recruit cDC1s.

Macrocycle-Based Hierarchically Porous Hydrogen-Bonded Organic Frameworks.

Hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) are porous crystalline materials. The pores in HOFs are usually non-covalent extrinsic pores constructed through the formation of the framework. Supramolecular macrocycles with intrinsic pores in their structures are good candidates for constructing HOFs with intrinsic pores from the macrocycles themselves, thus leading to hierarchically porous structures.

Self-fueling ferroptosis-inducing microreactors based on pH-responsive Lipiodol Pickering emulsions enable transarterial ferro-embolization therapy.

Lipiodol chemotherapeutic emulsions remain one of the main choices for the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) via transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). However, the limited stability of Lipiodol chemotherapeutic emulsions would lead to rapid drug diffusion, which would reduce the therapeutic benefit and cause systemic toxicity of administrated chemotherapeutics. Therefore, the development of enhanced Lipiodol-based formulations is of great significance to enable effective and safe TACE treatment.

Efferocytosis Nanoinhibitors to Promote Secondary Necrosis and Potentiate the Immunogenicity of Conventional Cancer Therapies for Improved Therapeutic Benefits.

Efferocytosis of apoptotic cancer cells by tumor-associated macrophages or other phagocytes is reported to promote tumor immunosuppression by preventing them from secondary necrosis, which would lead to the release of intracellular components and thus enhanced immunogenicity. Therefore, current apoptosis-inducing cancer treatments (e.g.

[Imbalance of lymphoid cells in peripheral blood maintains the immunosuppression and promotes the development of lung adenocarcinoma].

Objectives Objectives To investigate how the imbalance of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs)in the peripheral blood of patients with lung adenocarcinoma affects the balance of downstream mononuclear macrophages and T helper (Th) cells, and to identify the impact of the imbalance of ILCs on the immune status and prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma. Methods The peripheral blood of 20 patients with lung adenocarcinoma and normal controls were collected. The percentage of ILCs, mononuclear macrophages and T lymphocyte in peripheral blood were analyzed by flow cytometry.

Activation of the GPR35 on ILC2 drives immunosuppression to promote lung cancer progression.

Lung cancer is the most common cancer type with poor prognosis. While G protein-coupled receptor 35 (GPR35) is a potent stimulator of tumor growth, group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) have shown dual effects in tumorigenesis. Intriguingly, inflammation induced GPR35 activation leads to an upregulation in the markers associated with ILC2.

A Nomogram for Predicting Extubation Failure in Preterm Infants with Gestational Age Less than 29 Weeks.

Introduction: How to avoid reintubations in prematurity remains a hard nut. This study aimed to develop and validate a nomogram for predicting extubation failure in preterm infants who received different modes of noninvasive ventilation as post-extubation support.

Methods: This was a secondary analysis of pre-existing data from a large multicenter RCT combined with a multicenter retrospective investigation in three tertiary referral NICUs in China.

A low-fouling electrochemical biosensor for biomarker detection in serum based on designed α/β-peptides with anti-enzymolysis and antifouling capabilities.

The zwitterionic peptides, especially those composed of glutamic (E) and lysine (K) groups have drawn enormous attention as antifouling biomaterials owing to their strong hydration capability and biocompatibility. However, the susceptibility of α-amino acid K to the proteolytic enzymes in human serum limited the broad application of such peptides in biological media. Herein, a new multifunctional peptide with favorable stability in human serum was designed, and it was composed of three sections with immobilizing, recognizing and antifouling capabilities, respectively.