Individual differences in the kinetics of alcohol absorption and elimination : A human study.

The individual differences in alcohol pharmacokinetics were studied using the one-compartment model with first-order absorption and zero-order elimination kinetics in humans. The blood alcohol concentrations (BACs) were simulated by obtained parameters, absorption rate constant (ka), and climination rate constant (β). The 81 healthy young Japanese volunteers, who had been divided into those without alcohol-induced facial flushing (nonflushers) and those with facial flushing (flushers) according to alcohol patch test results and a questionnaire beforehand, ingested 0.

Pharmacokinetic study of ethanol and its metabolites during ethanol infusion.

We examined the effects of blood ethanol level on the disposition of acetaldehyde and acetate. Rabbits were divided into two groups (1 mg/ml and 2 mg/ml groups). An ethanol saline solution was injected intravenously into these rabbits at 1.

Pharmacokinetic study of ethanol and its metabolites in culture cells.

We examined the disposition of ethanol, acetaldehyde and acetate in culture cells. Rat hepatoma-derived cells, H4IIE, were grown in T-shaped flasks to confluence in minimal essential medium supplemented with 5% fetal bovine serum. For the experimental group, the medium in the flask was replaced with a medium containing a 0, 4, 8 or 20 mM ethanol solution.

Michaelis-Menten elimination kinetics of acetaldehyde during ethanol oxidation.

Background: Acetaldehyde (AcH) is a toxic metabolite of ethanol (EtOH). The pharmacokinetics of blood AcH during EtOH oxidation was studied with or without the administration of aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 inhibitor (cyanamide) in rabbits.

Methods: An bolus of EtOH saline solution (0.