Refractive Error and Axial Length and Their Related Factors in 8-Year-Old Japanese Children: The Yamanashi Adjunct Study of the Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS).

Purpose: To investigate the distribution of visual acuity, refractive error, and axial length in 8-year-old children who participated in an additional survey in Yamanashi Prefecture of the Japan Environmental Children's Study (hereafter referred to as JECS-Y) conducted from 2019 to 2021.

Participants And Methods: Eight-year-old children who participated in the JECS-Y study were subjected to noncycloplegic measurements of refractive error and axial length. If the uncorrected visual acuity was less than 20/20, the best corrected visual acuity was evaluated in accordance with the autorefraction data.

Repeated Measurements Are Necessary for Evaluating Accurate Diurnal Rhythm Using a Self-Intraocular Pressure Measurement Device.

Purpose: To investigate how many tests need to be performed to adequately assess intraocular pressure (IOP) diurnal change using a self-measuring rebound tonometer among glaucoma patients.

Subjects And Methods: Adult patients with primary open-angle glaucoma were included. IOP was measured in the morning (6 AM to 9 AM), afternoon (12 PM to 3 PM), and at night (6 PM to 9 PM) for seven consecutive days.

The combination therapy of subtenon triamcinolone acetonide injection and intravitreal brolucizumab for brolucizumab-related intraocular inflammation.

Rationale: Brolucizumab is a novel anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agent with clinical trials demonstrating excellent efficacy for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in both visual and anatomic outcomes. However, there is concern of intraocular inflammation (IOI), and we propose concurrent subtenon triamcinolone acetonide (STTA) to prevent IOI.

Patient Concern: A 73-year-old man was treated with aflibercept for neovascular AMD in his right eye.