The diversity, composition, network characteristics and community assembly of intestinal microbiome in sea cucumber reflect the differences in habitats and aquaculture practices.

The possible differentiation of microbiomes in various habitats and aquaculture practices has rarely been studied until now. Here, the microbiomes of five different culture systems for sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus were compared, including outdoor pond, indoor workshop, net cage, suspension cage, marine ranching. Samples of intestinal contents from sea cucumber, surrounding water and sediment were collected from these culture systems.

Development of low-allergenicity algal oil microcapsules with high encapsulation efficiency using extensively hydrolyzed whey protein.

Algal oil is rich in docosahexaenoic acid, which is beneficial for infant development, but its susceptibility to oxidation necessitates microencapsulation. This study investigated the effects of incorporating varying ratios of octenyl succinic anhydride-modified starch (OSA-MS) into a base wall system comprising extensively hydrolyzed whey protein (eWPH) and maltodextrin (MD) to produce algal oil microcapsules with reduced allergenicity and high nutritional value, replacing whey protein isolate (WPI). The residual antigenicity of α-lactalbumin and β-lactoglobulin in eWPH was 3.

Physiological and intestinal microbiota responses of sea cucumber to various stress and signatures of intestinal microbiota dysbiosis.

Identifying the signatures of intestinal dysbiosis caused by common stresses is fundamental to establishing efficient health monitoring strategies for sea cucumber. This study investigated the impact of six common stress experienced frequently in aquaculture on the growth performance, intestinal homeostasis and microbiota of sea cucumber, including thermal (23°C), hypoosmotic (22‰ salinity), ammonium (0.5 mg/L NH -N), and nitrite (0.

[Absorption mechanism of iron oxide nanoparticles in Caco-2 cell model].

Objective: To explore the possible mechanism of absorption of iron oxide nanoparticles into the human body through the gastrointestinal tract.

Methods: This article used Caco-2 monolayer cells as a cell model, prepared characterized iron oxide nanoparticles(Fe_2O_3 NPs) as suspensions, and intervened in Caco-2 cells. CCK-8 method, transwell method, and atomic spectrophotometer method were used to explore the effect of Fe_2O_3 NPs on the activity of Caco-2 cells and the absorption and transport of them through the Caco-2 monolayer cell model.

Correlation between systemic immune-inflammatory index and graded diagnosis of periodontitis: a combined cross-sectional and retrospective study.

Background: To investigate the association between periodontitis and inflammatory biomarkers, including systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio.

Methods: Our study comprised a cross-sectional analysis (an indirect evidence group and a periodontal health control group from January to October 2023) and a retrospective study (a direct evidence group and a non-maintenance group from January 2014 to March 2022). We analyzed demographic data, imaging measurements, and peripheral blood counts.

Cuproptosis and Serine Metabolism Blockade Triggered by Copper-Based Prussian Blue Nanomedicine for Enhanced Tumor Therapy.

Cuproptosis, a newly defined cell death process, represents a novel modality with significant therapeutic potential in cancer treatment. Nevertheless, the modest concentration and transient half-life of copper ions in the bloodstream constrain their efficient delivery into tumor cells. In this study, a copper-based prussian blue nanostructure loaded with serine metabolic inhibitor (NCT-503@Cu-HMPB) is constructed for selectively inducing cuproptosis combined with disrupting serine metabolism.

The lead-free perovskite-based heterojunction CN/CsGeI: an exploration for superior visible-light absorption.

Halide perovskites have distinguished themselves among the numerous optoelectronic materials due to their versatile processing technology and exceptional optical response. Unfortunately, their stability and toxicity from heavy metals severely hamper their development, in addition to the challenge of further improving photovoltaic performance. Hence, a lead-free perovskite-based heterojunction, CN/CsGeI, is investigated using a hybrid density functional, including electron structures, charge density differences, optical properties and more.

Polyphenol-mediated defect patching of graphene oxide membranes for sulfonamide contaminants removal and fouling control.

Graphene oxide (GO)-based laminar membranes are promising candidates for next-generation nanofiltration membranes because of their theoretically frictionless nanochannels. However, nonuniform stacking during the filtration process and the inherent swelling of GO nanosheets generate horizontal and vertical defects, leading to a low selectivity and susceptibility to pore blockage. Herein, both types of defects are simultaneously patching by utilizing tannic acid and Fe.

Nitrogen removal capability and mechanism of a novel heterotrophic nitrifying-aerobic denitrifying strain H1 as a potential candidate in mariculture wastewater treatment.

The nitrogen removal performance and mechanisms of Bacillus subtilis H1 isolated from a mariculture environment were investigated. Strain H1 efficiently removed NH-N, NO-N, and NO-N in simulated wastewater with removal efficiencies of 85.61%, 90.

Nitrogen removal capability and mechanism of a novel heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification bacterium Halomonas sp. DN3.

Recently, the functional microorganisms capable of eliminating nitrogenous waste have been applied in mariculture systems. As a potential candidate for treating mariculture wastewater, strain DN3 eliminated 100% of ammonia and nitrate and 96.61%-100% of nitrite within 72 h, when single nitrogen sources at concentrations of 0-50 mg/L.

Brief pup separation during lactation confers resilience in behavioural deficits induced by chronic restraint stress in postpartum C57BL/6J dams.

Background: The postpartum period is a complex time for females that affects health recovery. Stress during this period is one of the main risk factors for depression. Therefore, preventing stress-induced depression in the postpartum period is of great importance.

A low-cost and hand-hold PCR microdevice based on water-cooling technology.

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has become a powerful tool for detecting various diseases due to its high sensitivity and specificity. However, the long thermocycling time and the bulky system have limited the application of PCR devices in Point-of-care testing. Herein, we have proposed an efficient, low-cost, and hand-hold PCR microdevice, mainly including a control module based on water-cooling technology and an amplification module fabricated by 3D printing.

Advances in optogenetic studies of depressive-like behaviors and underlying neural circuit mechanisms.

Backgrounds: The neural circuit mechanisms underlying depression remain unclear. Recently optogenetics has gradually gained recognition as a novel technique to regulate the activity of neurons with light stimulation. Scientists are now transferring their focus to the function of brain regions and neural circuits in the pathogenic progress of depression.

Swimming Exercise Modulates Gut Microbiota in CUMS-Induced Depressed Mice.

Background: Gut microbiota is associated with anxiety and depression, while exercise has been proved to alleviate depressive symptoms. However, the interaction of exercise, depression, and gut microbiota remains unclear.

Methods: Male C57/BL6J mice were exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) for 6 weeks and then were subjected to a 5-week swimming program.

Evaluation of Potential Probiotic Properties of a Strain of for Shrimp Farming: From Beneficial Functions to Safety Assessment.

In recent years the safety of probiotics has received increasing attention due to the possible transfer and spread of virulence factors (VFs) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) among microorganisms. The safety of a strain of named W2 was evaluated in phenotype and genotype in the present study. Its probiotic properties were also evaluated both and , including adherence properties, antibacterial properties and beneficial effects on the growth and immunity of Pacific white shrimp, .

Swimming exercise reverses chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depression-like behaviors and alleviates neuroinflammation and collapsing response mediator protein-2-mediated neuroplasticity injury in adult male mice.

Objective: Impaired neuroplasticity and neuroinflammation are vital in the mechanisms of depression. Exercise alleviates depressive symptoms and ameliorates body functions. Swimming is one of the most common exercises; however, whether swimming alters depressive behaviors and the underlying mechanism has not been fully elucidated.

The Effects and Mechanisms of Exercise on the Treatment of Depression.

It is necessary to seek alternative therapies for depression, because side effects of medications lead to poor adherence and some patients do not achieve a clinical treatment effect. Recently the role of exercise as a low-cost and easy-to-use treatment for depression has gained attention with a number of studies showing that exercise is effective at reducing depressive symptoms and improving body functions such as cardiorespiratory system and cognitive function. Because of the heterogeneity of exercise therapy programs, there is no standardized and unified program.

Swimming exercise reduces the vulnerability to stress and contributes to the AKT/GSK3β/CRMP2 pathway and microtubule dynamics mediated protective effects on neuroplasticity in male C57BL/6 mice.

While swimming exercise has been shown to positively affect the development of the nervous system, it still remains unclear whether it reduces the vulnerability to stress. In this study, male C57BL/6 mice were exposed to swimming training for 5 weeks, and then subjected to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) for 4 weeks. We found that swimming exercise prevented anxiety-like and depressive phenotypes induced by CUMS, including increased anxiety-like behavior in the open field test (OFT) and elevated plus-maze (EPM) test and increased despair behavior in the tail suspension test (TST).

Neuroinflammation decreased hippocampal microtubule dynamics in the acute behavioral deficits induced by intracerebroventricular injection of lipopolysaccharide in male adult rats.

Neuroinflammation plays a vital role in the pathology of depression. Microtubule dynamics produces an immediate response to stress, but the effect of microtubule dynamics in the rats with acute behavioral deficits following a central immune challenge remains elusive. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to the intracerebroventricular (icv) injection of lipopolysaccharide (.

Brief postpartum separation from offspring promotes resilience to lipopolysaccharide challenge-induced anxiety and depressive-like behaviors and inhibits neuroinflammation in C57BL/6J dams.

Emerging evidence indicates an important role for neuroinflammation in depression. Brief maternal separation promotes resilience to depression in offspring, but relatively little is known about the effects of different durations of postpartum separation (PS) from offspring on anxiety and depressive-like behaviors in dams following immune challenge. Lactating C57BL/6J mice were subjected to no separation (NPS), brief PS (15 min/day, PS15) or prolonged PS (180 min/day, PS180) from postpartum day (PPD) 1 to PPD21 and then injected with lipopolysaccharide (LPS).