On-demand reprogramming of immunosuppressive microenvironment in tumor tissue via multi-regulation of carcinogenic microRNAs and RNAs dependent photothermal-immunotherapy using engineered gold nanoparticles for malignant tumor treatment.

The frequent immune escape of tumor cells and fluctuating therapeutic efficiency vary with each individual are two critical issues for immunotherapy against malignant tumor. Herein, we fabricated an intelligent core-shell nanoparticle (SNAs@CCM) to significantly inhibit the PD-1/PD-L1 mediated immune escape by on-demand regulation of various oncogenic microRNAs and perform RNAs dependent photothermal-immunotherapy to achieve precise and efficient treatment meeting the individual requirements of specific patients by in situ generation of customized tumor-associated antigens. The SNAs@CCM consisted of antisense oligonucleotides grafted gold nanoparticles (SNAs) as core and TLR7 agonist imiquimod (R837) functionalized cancer cell membrane (CCM) as shell, in which the acid-labile Schiff base bond was used to connect the R837 and CCM.

Brain-Engrafted Monocyte-derived Macrophages from Blood and Skull-Bone Marrow Exhibit Distinct Identities from Microglia.

Microglia are thought to originate exclusively from primitive macrophage progenitors in the yolk sac (YS) and to persist throughout life without much contribution from definitive hematopoiesis. Here, using lineage tracing, pharmacological manipulation, and RNA-sequencing, we elucidated the presence and characteristics of monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) in the brain parenchyma at baseline and during microglia repopulation, and defined the core transcriptional signatures of brain-engrafted MDMs. Lineage tracing mouse models revealed that MDMs transiently express CD206 during brain engraftment as CD206 microglia precursors in the YS.

Nobiletin alleviates macrophage M2 polarization by activating AMPK-mTOR-mediated autophagy in pulmonary fibrosis mice.

Nobiletin (NOB), a polymethoxylated flavone isolated from citrus peels, is a promising dietary treatment for lung diseases, such as pulmonary fiborsis. In this work, the underlying mechanisms of NOB's preventative effect on pulmonary fibrosis were explored using bleomycin-exposed mice and IL-4-induced M2 polarization of the macrophages. Results showed that NOB treatment could significantly ameliorate lung fibrosis by suppressing pathological damages, collagen deposition, and fibroblat activation.

Gradient-concentration RuCo electrocatalyst for efficient and stable electroreduction of nitrate into ammonia.

Electrocatalytic nitrate reduction to ammonia holds great promise for developing green technologies for electrochemical ammonia energy conversion and storage. Considering that real nitrate resources often exhibit low concentrations, it is challenging to achieve high activity in low-concentration nitrate solutions due to the competing reaction of the hydrogen evolution reaction, let alone considering the catalyst lifetime. Herein, we present a high nitrate reduction performance electrocatalyst based on a Co nanosheet structure with a gradient dispersion of Ru, which yields a high NH Faraday efficiency of over 93% at an industrially relevant NH current density of 1.

Molecular Characterization of Chemosensory Protein (CSP) Genes and the Involvement of in the Perception of Host Location in the Aphid Parasitoid .

is the dominant parasitic natural enemy of aphids. Elucidating the molecular mechanism of host recognition of would improve its biological control effect. Chemosensory proteins (CSPs) play a crucial role in insect olfactory systems and are mainly involved in host localization.

Peripheral CD3CD4 T cells as indicators of disease activity in thyroid eye disease: age-dependent significance.

Purpose: To provide an in-depth analysis of the association of peripheral lymphocytes and the disease activity of thyroid eye disease (TED).

Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 65 active TED patients and 46 inactive TED patients. Comparative analyses of peripheral lymphocyte subsets were conducted between active and inactive patients.

Mulberry leaf polysaccharide improves cyclophosphamide-induced growth inhibition and intestinal damage in chicks by modulating intestinal flora, enhancing immune regulation and antioxidant capacity.

Polysaccharides are generally considered to have immune enhancing functions, and mulberry leaf polysaccharide is the main active substance in mulberry leaves, while there are few studies on whether mulberry leaf polysaccharide (MLP) has an effect on immunosuppression and intestinal damage caused by cyclophosphamide (CTX), we investigated whether MLP has an ameliorative effect on intestinal damage caused by CTX. A total of 210 1-day-old Mahuang cocks were selected for this experiment. Were equally divided into six groups and used to evaluate the immune effect of MLP.

Single-atom catalysts supported on two-dimensional tetragonal transition metal chalcogenides for hydrogen and oxygen evolution.

Single-atom catalysts (SACs) offer maximum metal atom utilization and high catalytic performance. Transition metal atoms on two-dimensional (2D) materials are effective for improving electrocatalytic performance. However, few studies exist on SACs supported on 2D tetragonal transition metal chalcogenides (TMX) for OER and HER.

Carboxymethylated Abrus cantoniensis polysaccharide prevents CTX-induced immunosuppression and intestinal damage by regulating intestinal flora and butyric acid content.

As a Chinese folk health product, Abrus cantoniensis exhibits good immunomodulatory activity because of its polysaccharide components (ACP), and carboxymethylation of polysaccharides can often further improve the biological activity of polysaccharides. In this study, we explored the impact of prophylactic administration of carboxymethylated Abrus cantoniensis polysaccharide (CM-ACP) on immunosuppression and intestinal damage induced by cyclophosphamide (CTX) in mice. Our findings demonstrated that CM-ACP exhibited a more potent immunomodulatory activity compared to ACP.

Two-Dimensional Tetragonal Transition Metal Chalcogenides for High Performance Oxygen Evolution and Reduction: A DFT Study.

The pursuit of high-performance bifunctional catalysts for oxygen evolution/reduction (OER/ORR) has gained significant attention in the field of electrochemical water splitting and fuel cells. In this study, we employed density functional theory (DFT) calculations to investigate a series of 2D tetragonal TMX (TM=transition metal, X=S, Se, Te) monolayers as potential bifunctional electrocatalysts for OER/ORR. To evaluate the overall performance of OER electrocatalysts, we introduced a descriptor, G The G values obtained for tetragonal CdS, CdSe, FeSe, NiSe, and NiTe monolayers were all below 1.

Four-Chlorophenoxyacetic Acid Treatment Induces the Defense Resistance of Rice to White-Backed Planthopper .

Chemical elicitors can increase plant defense against herbivorous insects and pathogens. The use of synthetic chemical elicitors is likely to be an alternative to traditional pesticides for crop pest control. However, only a few synthetic chemicals are reported to protect plants by regulating signaling pathways, increasing the levels of defense metabolites and interfering with insect feeding.

An updated and validated model for predicting the performance of a biological control agent for the oriental migratory locust.

Background: The oriental migratory locust is a major crop pest across eastern and south-eastern Asia. Metarhizium anisopliae is an effective biopesticide agent used for locust control, but its performance is temperature dependent, and thus can be more variable than chemical pesticide performance. To predict biopesticide performance for the control of the oriental migratory locust, we adapted a previous temperature-dependent model and validated it using field trial data.

In situ electrogenerated Cu(III) triggers hydroxyl radical production on the Cu-Sb-SnO electrode for highly efficient water decontamination.

The electrochemical oxidation process has the unique advantage of in-situ •OH generation for deep mineralization of organic pollutants, which is expected to provide a solution for the globally decentralized wastewater treatment and reuse. However, it is still a great challenge to develop low-cost anodes with ultrahigh •OH yield and low energy consumption. Here, a low-cost and stable mixed metal oxide (MMO) anode (Cu-Sb-SnO) developed by a simple and scalable preparation process presents extremely high organic pollutants degradation efficiency and low energy consumption.

Predictors of successful salvage microdissection testicular sperm extraction (mTESE) after failed initial TESE in patients with non-obstructive azoospermia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: There has been no systematic review and meta-analysis to analyze and summarize the predictive factors of successful sperm extraction in salvage microdissection testicular sperm extraction.

Objectives: We aimed to investigate the factors predicting the result of salvage microdissection testicular sperm extraction in patients with non-obstructive azoospermia who failed the initial microdissection testicular sperm extraction or conventional testicular sperm extraction.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a systematic literature search in PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library for literature that described the characteristics of patients with non-obstructive azoospermia who underwent salvage microdissection testicular sperm extraction after failing the initial microdissection testicular sperm extraction or conventional testicular sperm extraction published prior to June 2022.

Two salivary proteins Sm10 and SmC002 from grain aphid modulate wheat defense and enhance aphid performance.

The grain aphid is a serious pest of wheat that causes severe economic damage by sucking phloem sap and transmitting plant viruses. Here, two putative salivary effector homologs from (Sm10 and SmC002) were selected based on sequence similarity to other characterized aphid candidate effectors. These effectors were then delivered into wheat cells separately the type III secretion system of to elucidate their functions in the regulation of plant defenses and host fitness.

Daily activity patterns and body temperature of the Oriental migratory locust, (Meyen), in natural habitat.

Current pest management techniques would benefit from understanding the behavioural rhythms of the target pest and its body temperature, a critical aspect not well studied and potentially limiting the effectiveness of biopesticides under natural conditions. This study aims 1) to understand under natural conditions the behavioural patterns of different stages of hoppers and adults of and 2) to identify the environmental factors modulating their body temperature through field observation. We carried out an intensive field sampling in two of the main locust breeding regions in China, recording the body temperature (day and night), morphological traits (stage, sex and size) and microhabitat of 953 individuals.

Mechanism of extracellular space changes in cryptococcal brain granuloma revealed by MRI tracer.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the changes in extracellular space (ECS) in cryptococcal brain granuloma and its pathological mechanism.

Materials And Methods: The animal model of cryptococcal brain granuloma was established by injecting 1 × 10 CFU/ml of type A suspension into the caudate nucleus of Sprague-Dawley rats with stereotactic technology. The infection in the brain was observed by conventional MRI scanning on days 14, 21, and 28 of modeling.

Identification of Novel (X3) Variants Resistant To Tigecycline in Acinetobacter Species.

The emergence of the (X) gene is a severe challenge to global public health security, as clinical tigecycline resistance shows a rapidly rising trend. In this research, we identified two tigecycline-resistant Acinetobacter sp. strains containing seven novel (X3) variants recovered from fecal samples from Chinese farms.

CoP/Fe-Co S for Highly Efficient Overall Water Splitting with Surface Reconstruction and Self-Termination.

Highly efficient electrochemical water splitting is of prime importance in hydrogen energy but is suffered from the slow kinetics at the anodic oxygen evolution reaction. Herein, combining the surface activation with the heterostructure construction strategy, the CoP/Fe-Co S heterostructures as the pre-catalyst for highly efficient oxygen evolution are successfully synthesized. The catalyst only needs 156 mV to reach 10 mA cm and keeps stable for more than 150 h.

Spread and Molecular Characteristics of Carrying -Like Genes from Farms in China.

In this study, we aimed to investigate the occurrence and molecular characteristics of fosfomycin-resistant isolates from pig, chicken and pigeon farms in Guangxi Province of China. A total of 200 fosfomycin-resistant strains were obtained from food animals and their surrounding environments, with the , , and genes being detected in 26% (52/200), 10% (20/200), and 5% (10/200), respectively. Surprisingly, three -producing E.

ACYP1 Is a Pancancer Prognostic Indicator and Affects the Immune Microenvironment in LIHC.

Background: ACYP1 plays important physiological and metabolic roles in glycolysis and membrane ion pump activity by catalyzing acyl phosphate hydrolysis. ACYP1 is related to tumorigenesis and progression and poor prognosis in gastrointestinal cancer. However, its pancancer roles and mechanisms are unclear.

Biochemical and Morphological Mechanisms Underlying the Performance and Preference of Fall Armyworm () on Wheat and Faba Bean Plants.

(J. E. Smith), which attacked China in 2019, remains a significant threat to wheat production.

Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analysis of Wheat Kernels in Response to the Feeding of Orange Wheat Blossom Midges () in the Field.

The orange wheat blossom midge ( Géhin) is an insect pest that feeds on wheat ( L.). The resistance mechanisms of wheat to infestation are largely unknown.