Zollinger-Ellison syndrome: Revelation of the gastrinoma triangle.

Zollinger-Ellison syndrome is a complex condition in which one or more tumors form in the patient's pancreas or upper duodenum. These tumors, called gastrinomas, secrete excessive amounts of gastrin, and almost all develop ulcers. The vast majority of gastrinomas are present within the "gastrinoma triangle," which is composed of the porta hepatis, duodenal sweep, and pancreatic head.

Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw complicated by Ludwig's angina.

Ludwig's angina is a life-threatening cellulitis that involves the submandibular and sublingual spaces. It often occurs after an infection of the roots of the teeth. However, modern dental care and use of antibiotics for oral infections have made Ludwig's angina rare.

RBC volume deficiency in patients with excessive orthostatic decrease in cerebral blood flow velocity.

Background: Orthostatic intolerance (OI) is common but heterogeneous. There is a subgroup of OI patients who have excessive decrease in cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV) of bilateral middle cerebral arteries (MCAs) during head-up tilt without systemic blood pressure change. This study evaluated the role of blood volume reduction in such patients.

Unusual site of metastasis detected with FDG PET/CT in a case of recurrent rectosigmoid cancer.

Metastatic colon cancers to the oral cavity are unusual, involving a majority of the mandible rather than the oral soft tissues. We describe a rare site of gingival metastasis in a case of rectosigmoid cancer. The patient was a 74-year-old woman who developed swelling and persistent bleeding of the right mandibular gingiva after tooth extraction.

Hallucal sesamoiditis manifested on bone scan.

The first metatarsal articulation bears one third of the weight of the forefoot. The hallucal sesamoids are embedded in the flexor hallucis brevis and connected by the intersesamoid ligament and plantar plate. The sesamoid apparatus acts as a pulley to help pull the big toe down against the ground during walking.

Compartment syndrome following robotic-assisted prostatectomy: rhabdomyolysis in bone scintigraphy.

Major urologic surgery performed in the lithotomy position sometimes results in the serious complication of rhabdomyolysis. A 56-year-old man was admitted to the hospital for prostate adenocarcinoma. A whole-body bone scan was performed to exclude bony metastases, which demonstrated no bone lesions but showed intense soft-tissue activity in gluteus maximus muscles, findings suggestive of a myopathy.

Supernumerary breast masquerading as metastasis on serial 67Ga scan.

We report the incidental discovery of supernumerary breast changes on sequential ⁶⁷Ga scans in a woman with dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans excised 5 years before. The appearance of the accessory breast fluctuated with physiological ⁶⁷Ga uptake of the breast tissue was evident. Awareness of the concomitant changes in accessory breast with breast tissue could help narrow the differential diagnosis.

Incidental finding of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease with liver involvement on Tc-99m sestamibi scintigraphy.

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease is a systemic hereditary disease characterized by renal cysts and sometimes involvement of the liver. We present a 65-year-old woman with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease on regularly hemodialysis who recently experienced intermittent right upper quadrant abdominal pain and elevated intact parathyroid hormone for more than a year. She was referred for double-phase Tc-99m sestamibi scintigraphy, under the impression of hyperparathyroidism.

Epileptic negative myoclonus: SPECT, PET, and video/EEG studies and the dramatic effects of levetiracetam.

An 18-year-old woman presented with epileptic negative myoclonus (ENM) as her major seizure pattern for 4years. Her seizures were characterized by intermittent postural lapse of the right limbs for a period of hours to 2 days. Ictal electroencephalography (EEG)-electromyography showed a silent period that was time-locked to generalized spike-wave discharges.

PET imaging of brain astrocytoma with 1-11C-acetate.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the use of 1-(11)C-acetate (ACE) as a metabolic tracer for the detection and characterisation of astrocytomas.

Methods: Positron emission tomography (PET) studies with ACE and 2-(18)F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) were performed sequentially in 26 patients with primary astrocytomas. Images were analysed by visual interpretation and determination of the tumour to cortex ratio (T/C ratio) and standardised uptake value (SUV).

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis treated by partial nephrectomy.

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is an uncommon disease in children. We report of a 2-month-old girl with urinary tract infection and with a renal mass detected by ultrasound scan. The preoperative differential diagnoses were Wilms tumor, multicystic dysplastic kidney, renal abscess, and mesoplastic nephroma.

High prevalence of a novel mutation (2268 insT) of the thyroid peroxidase gene in Taiwanese patients with total iodide organification defect, and evidence for a founder effect.

The mutation of the thyroid peroxidase (TPO) gene that causes the total iodide organification defect (TIOD) is a common and severe condition leading to dyshormonogenesis of the thyroid gland in Caucasians. However, the role of TIOD in Chinese patients with thyroid dyshormonogenesis is unknown. In this study we followed 16 patients from 16 unrelated families in Taiwan and performed perchlorate discharge examination.