Background: poses a substantial health risk to both humans and animals. This study evaluated the potential of using the Δ mutant as a live-attenuated vaccine candidate by constructing it through homologous recombination and assessing its key biological properties, including growth characteristics, immunogenicity, and protective efficacy.
Methods: We generated the Δ mutant through targeted gene deletion, ensuring the preservation of the bacterial strain's growth and stability.
: By leveraging the power of photodynamic therapy (PDT), photosensitizers eliminate cancer cells under specific laser irradiation and trigger systemic immune responses, a potent strategy in tumor immunotherapy. However, the accompanying tumor microenvironment induces immunosuppression, restricting the efficacy of PDT. : Computer-aided screening was used to identify adjuvants, followed by flow cytometry analysis to assess the activation levels of various immune cells in both and experiments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Reduced expression of thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) has been observed in various human malignancies, though its predictive value in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains uncertain.
Objective: To explore the predictive value of TRs in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.
Design: The design was bioinformatic analysis combined with experimental study.
Pyroptosis plays an important role in attracting innate immune cells to eliminate infected niches. Our study focuses on how influenza A virus (IAV) infection triggers pyroptosis in respiratory epithelial cells. Here, we report that IAV infection induces pyroptosis in a human and murine airway epithelial cell line.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Minimally invasive surgeries are increasingly central to modern medicine, particularly in liver transplantation. These techniques, which offer reduced trauma, precise operations, minimal bleeding, and swift recovery, are, however, unevenly adopted across China. Only a limited number of centers routinely perform minimally invasive donor hepatectomies, indicating a significant imbalance in the development and application of these advanced procedures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInfluenza A virus (IAV) infection initiates a complex interplay of cell death modalities, including apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, and their integration, known as PANoptosis, which significantly impacts host immune responses and tissue integrity. These pathways are intricately regulated by viral proteins and host factors, contributing to both viral clearance and pathogenesis-related tissue damage. This review comprehensively explores the molecular mechanisms underlying these cell death processes in influenza infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAtherosclerosis (AS) is an inflammatory disease characterized by arterial inflammation. One important trigger for AS development is the excessive migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs); however, the mechanism underlying this phenomenon remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the role of DNA polymerase β (Pol β), a crucial enzyme involved in base excision repair, VSMC migration, and subsequent AS development.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDeveloping aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-based hydrogels that exhibit fluorescence enhancement as to thermal properties is an interesting and challenging task. In this work, we employed the fluorophore 2'-hydroxychalcone (HC), fluorescence properties of which are easily influenced by the excited-state intramolecular proton transfer and twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) effects, to develop a novel type of temperature-sensitive polymers, hydroxychalcone-based polymers (HCPs). By controlling the temperature-dependent water microenvironments in HCPs, the intramolecular hydrogen bonds between water and HCPs can be regulated, thereby influencing the TICT process and leading to thermo-induced fluorescence enhancement, which shows a contrary tendency compared to typical AIEgens that always exhibit fluorescence attenuation as the thermal energy accelerates the molecular motion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is the first-line treatment for patients with advanced HCC, but there are limited studies on the microenvironment alterations caused by TACE.
Methods: Six fresh HBV-related HCC specimens with or without TACE intervention were used to perform single-cell RNA sequencing. The 757 bulk samples from 3 large-scale multicenter cohorts were applied for comprehensive analysis.
Unlabelled: Budd-Chiari syndrome (B-CS) is a rare and lethal condition characterized by hepatic venous outflow tract blockage. Gut microbiota has been linked to numerous hepatic disorders, but its significance in B-CS pathogenesis is uncertain. First, we performed a case-control study ( = 140, = 63) to compare the fecal microbiota of B-CS and healthy individuals by metagenomics sequencing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCaspase-8, an aspartate-specific cysteine protease that primarily functions as an initiator caspase to induce apoptosis, can downregulate innate immunity in part by cleaving RIPK1 and IRF3. However, patients with caspase-8 mutations or deficiency develop immunodeficiency and are prone to viral infections. The molecular mechanism underlying this controversy remains unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTraumatic cervical spinal cord injury (TCSCI) often causes varying degrees of motor dysfunction, common assessed by the International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury (ISNCSCI), in association with the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale. Accurate prediction of motor function recovery is extremely important for formulating effective diagnosis, therapeutic and rehabilitation programs. The aim of this study is to investigate the validity of a novel nested ensemble algorithm that uses the very early ASIA motor score (AMS) of ISNCSCI examination to predict motor function recovery 6 months after injury in TCSCI patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: This work focused on investigating the role of programmed death ligand 2 (PD-L2) in the progression of breast cancer by utilizing breast cancer specimens and cells.
Materials And Methods: The serum levels of soluble PD-L2 (sPD-L2) in breast cancer patients and healthy individuals were analyzed by means of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the PD-L2 levels within 416 resected breast cancer specimens were assessed through immunohistochemistry. Concurrently, in vitro cell experiments and in vivo animal experiments were carried out to analyze the relationship between PD-L2 and the invasion and migration of breast cancer.
Int J Gen Med
February 2024
Background And Aim: Cervical hyperextension injury is very frequent with anterior longitudinal ligament (ALL) injury, and the ligament damage has a remarkable effect on whether and what type of operation should be performed. This study aims to establish a new scoring system for the accurate diagnosis of ALL damage.
Methods: The imaging data of the consecutive patients was measured and scored by four radiologists.
Glutathione (GSH) is a major antioxidant in organisms. An alteration in GSH concentration has been implicated in a number of pathological conditions. Therefore, GSH sensing has become a critical issue.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: The primary pathological changes of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) include chronic synovial inflammation, bone destruction, and aggressive pannus formation on cartilage, in which angiogenesis plays a critical role. B7-H3, an important immune checkpoint molecule, represents a novel target in tumor therapy and plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. However, its biological mechanism in RA remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIt is well established that exopolysaccharide (EPS) is an integral structural component of bacterial biofilms necessary for assembly and maintenance of the three-dimensional architecture of the biofilm. However, the process and role of EPS turnover within a developing biofilm is not fully understood. Here, we demonstrated that uses a self-produced endoglucanase to enzymatically process its own EPS to modulate EPS polymer length.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe cryopreservation of cells, tissue, and organs is essential in both fundamental research and practical applications, such as modern regenerative medicine and technological applications. However, the formation of ice crystals during ice recrystallization can have harmful or even fatal effects on biological systems. To address this challenge, we explore the ice recrystallization inhibition (IRI) activity of two natural silk proteins of , fibroin and sericin.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProstate cancer (PCa) refers to epithelial malignancies occurring in prostate and is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among men. Flap structure-specific endonuclease 1 (FEN1) is one of the major base excise repair enzymes and is abnormally expressed in a variety of cancers, which contributes to cancer progression. Targeting FEN1 serves as a potent strategy for cancer therapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe programmed death-1 (PD-1) pathway has been shown to deliver an inhibitory signal, and aberrant expression of the PD-1 molecule and/or its ligand programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) has been demonstrated in human diseases, while its other ligand, programmed death ligand 2 (PD-L2), has rarely been studied. Here, we investigated the expression of PD-L2 in synovial tissue and blood from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Soluble PD-L2 and inflammatory cytokine levels in serum among healthy controls and patients with RA were compared via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
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