Genome-Wide Identification of the Gene Family and the Function of Under Salt Stress.

A comprehensive genome-wide identification of SET-domain-containing genes in (tomato) has revealed 46 members. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these genes, along with those from and , are divided into five subfamilies, with Subfamilies II and V being the largest. Motif and domain analyses identified 15 conserved motifs and revealed the presence of pre-SET and post-SET domains in several genes, suggesting functional diversification.

Interfacial Confinement Effect of Self-Adsorbed Monolayer Enables Highly Reversible Zn Metal Anodes.

The practical applications of aqueous Zn metal batteries are promising, yet still impeded by the corrosion reactions and dendrite growth on the Zn metal anode. Here, a self-adsorbed monolayer (SAM) is designed to stabilize the Zn metal anode. Theory and experiment results show that the interfacial confinement effect of the SAM, for one thing, greatly suppresses the corrosion reactions through the HO-poor inner Helmholtz plane because of the steric-hindrance effect, and for another, alleviates the Zn concentration gradient on the anode surface through the Zn enrichment behavior and eventually inhibits the dendrite growth.

Potential of G-6 for Biocontrol of Cucumber Wilt Disease and Growth Enhancement.

Cucumber wilt disease, caused by f. sp. (FOC), is a major threat to cucumber production, especially in greenhouses.

Tailoring the Electrode Interface Microenvironment to Stabilize Zn Metal Anode.

Zn metal is the most attractive anode material for aqueous batteries, yet it encounters challenges from dendrites. Here, based on lanthanum trifluoromethanesulfonate (La(OTf))-based electrolyte, the idea of tailoring the electrode interface microenvironment (ion concentration, solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and electric field) is proposed to stabilize the Zn metal anode. The theoretical and experimental results show that the reconstruction of the electrolyte microstructure by OTf and the capture of SO by La enhance the liquid-phase mass transfer, which alleviates the ion concentration gradient on the anode surface.

An Adaptive and Automatic Power Supply Distribution System with Active Landmarks for Autonomous Mobile Robots.

With the development of automation and intelligent technologies, the demand for autonomous mobile robots in the industry has surged to alleviate labor-intensive tasks and mitigate labor shortages. However, conventional industrial mobile robots' route-tracking algorithms typically rely on passive markers, leading to issues such as inflexibility in changing routes and high deployment costs. To address these challenges, this study proposes a novel approach utilizing active landmarks-battery-powered luminous landmarks that enable robots to recognize and adapt to flexible navigation requirements.

Transcriptomic and Metabolic Analysis Reveals Genes and Pathways Associated with Flesh Pigmentation in Potato () Tubers.

Anthocyanins, flavonoid pigments, are responsible for the purple and red hues in potato tubers. This study analyzed tubers from four potato cultivars-red RR, purple HJG, yellow QS9, and white JZS8-to elucidate the genetic mechanisms underlying tuber pigmentation. Our transcriptomic analysis identified over 2400 differentially expressed genes between these varieties.

Microfluidic-Assisted Self-Assembly of Molecular Hydrogelator at Water-Water Interfaces for Continuous Fabrication of Supramolecular Microcapsules.

Control over the self-assembly of small molecules at specific areas is of great interest for many high-tech applications, yet remains a formidable challenge. Here, how the self-assembly of hydrazone-based molecular hydrogelators can be specifically triggered at water-water interfaces for the continuous fabrication of supramolecular microcapsules by virtue of the microfluidic technique is demonstrated. The non-assembling hydrazide- and aldehyde-based hydrogelator precursors are distributed in two immiscible aqueous polymer solutions, respectively, through spontaneous phase separation.

Facile Electret-Based Self-Powered Soft Sensor for Noncontact Positioning and Information Translation.

Noncontact sensors have demonstrated significant potential in human-machine interactions (HMIs) in terms of hygiene and less wear and tear. The development of soft, stable, and simply structured noncontact sensors is highly desired for their practical applications in HMIs. This work reports on electret-based self-powered noncontact sensors that are soft, transparent, stable, and easy to manufacture.

Plasma-Driven Efficient Conversion of CO and HO into Pure Syngas with Controllable Wide H/CO Ratios over Metal-Organic Frameworks Featuring In Situ Evolved Ligand Defects.

While the mild production of syngas (a mixture of H and CO) from CO and HO is a promising alternative to the coal-based chemical engineering technologies, the inert nature of CO molecules, unfavorable splitting pathways of HO and unsatisfactory catalysts lead to the challenge in the difficult integration of high CO conversion efficiency with produced syngas with controllable H/CO ratios in a wide range. Herein, we report an efficient plasma-driven catalytic system for mild production of pure syngas over porous metal-organic framework (MOF) catalysts with rich confined HO molecules, where their syngas production capacity is regulated by the in situ evolved ligand defects and the plasma-activated intermediate species of CO molecules. Specially, the Cu-based catalyst system achieves 61.

Surface atom knockout for the active site exposure of alloy catalyst.

The fine regulation of catalysts by the atomic-level removal of inactive atoms can promote the active site exposure for performance enhancement, whereas suffering from the difficulty in controllably removing atoms using current micro/nano-scale material fabrication technologies. Here, we developed a surface atom knockout method to promote the active site exposure in an alloy catalyst. Taking CuPd alloy as an example, it refers to assemble a battery using CuPd and Zn as cathode and anode, the charge process of which proceeds at about 1.

Spatiotemporal control over self-assembly of supramolecular hydrogels through reaction-diffusion.

Supramolecular self-assembly is ubiquitous in living system and is usually controlled to proceed in time and space through sophisticated reaction-diffusion processes, underpinning various vital cellular functions. In this contribution, we demonstrate how spatiotemporal self-assembly of supramolecular hydrogels can be realized through a simple reaction-diffusion-mediated transient transduction of pH signal. In the reaction-diffusion system, a relatively faster diffusion of acid followed by delayed enzymatic production and diffusion of base from the opposite site enables a transient transduction of pH signal in the substrate.

Regulated Dual Defects of Bridging Organic and Terminal Inorganic Ligands in Iron-based Metal-Organic Framework Nodes for Efficient Photocatalytic Ammonia Synthesis.

Engineering advantageous defects to construct well-defined active sites in catalysts is promising but challenging to achieve efficient photocatalytic NH synthesis from N and HO due to the chemical inertness of N molecule. Here, we report defective Fe-based metal-organic framework (MOF) photocatalysts via a non-thermal plasma-assisted synthesis strategy, where their NH production capability is synergistically regulated by two types of defects, namely, bridging organic ligands and terminal inorganic ligands (OH and HO). Specially, the optimized MIL-100(Fe) catalysts, where there are only terminal inorganic ligand defects and coexistence of dual defects, exhibit the respective 1.

Application of Biological Glue-Clay Composite Substrate in Slope Ecological Restoration.

Given the issues of soil cracking, poor water retention during drought, and erosion damage caused by rainfall, we conducted an in-depth study on the water retention properties, cracking resistance, and scouring resistance of biogel-amended clay using evaporation cracking and scouring tests. The hydrophysical properties and cohesive aggregation mechanism of biogel-amended clay were explored, and the results showed that the incorporation of biogel improved the water retention, cracking resistance, and scour resistance of the clay samples. With an increase in the biogel content, the biogel mucous membrane inside the samples improved the cohesion between soil particles, reduced the generation and development of cracks, and improved the cracking resistance.

Radiation effects on lithium metal batteries.

The radiation tolerance of energy storage batteries is a crucial index for universe exploration or nuclear rescue work, but there is no thorough investigation of Li metal batteries. Here, we systematically explore the energy storage behavior of Li metal batteries under gamma rays. Degradation of the performance of Li metal batteries under gamma radiation is linked to the active materials of the cathode, electrolyte, binder, and electrode interface.

Bioinspired Self-Resettable Hydrogel Actuators Powered by a Chemical Fuel.

The movements of soft living tissues, such as muscle, have sparked a strong interest in the design of hydrogel actuators; however, so far, typical manmade examples still lag behind their biological counterparts, which usually function under nonequilibrium conditions through the consumption of high-energy biomolecules and show highly autonomous behaviors. Here, we report on self-resettable hydrogel actuators that are powered by a chemical fuel and can spontaneously return to their original states over time once the fuels are depleted. Self-resettable actuation originates from a chemical fuel-mediated transient change in the hydrophilicity of the hydrogel networks.

Effect of the supergravity on the formation and cycle life of non-aqueous lithium metal batteries.

Extra-terrestrial explorations require electrochemical energy storage devices able to operate in gravity conditions different from those of planet earth. In this context, lithium (Li)-based batteries have not been fully investigated, especially cell formation and cycling performances under supergravity (i.e.

A Residual Network and FPGA Based Real-Time Depth Map Enhancement System.

Depth maps obtained through sensors are often unsatisfactory because of their low-resolution and noise interference. In this paper, we propose a real-time depth map enhancement system based on a residual network which uses dual channels to process depth maps and intensity maps respectively and cancels the preprocessing process, and the algorithm proposed can achieve real-time processing speed at more than 30 fps. Furthermore, the FPGA design and implementation for depth sensing is also introduced.

A High-Performance Lithium Metal Battery with Ion-Selective Nanofluidic Transport in a Conjugated Microporous Polymer Protective Layer.

Lithium metal is the "holy grail" of anodes, capable of unlocking the full potential of cathodes in next-generation batteries. However, the use of pure lithium anodes faces several challenges in terms of safety, cycle life, and rate capability. Herein, a solution-processable conjugated microporous thermosetting polymer (CMP) is developed.

Reduced-Graphene-Oxide-Guided Directional Growth of Planar Lithium Layers.

Rechargeable lithium (Li) metal batteries hold great promise for revolutionizing current energy-storage technologies. However, the uncontrollable growth of lithium dendrites impedes the service of Li anodes in high energy and safety batteries. There are numerous studies on Li anodes, yet little attention has been paid to the intrinsic electrocrystallization characteristics of Li metal and their underlying mechanisms.

LiO-Reinforced Solid Electrolyte Interphase on Three-Dimensional Sponges for Dendrite-Free Lithium Deposition.

Lithium (Li) metal, with ultra-high theoretical capacity and low electrochemical potential, is the ultimate anode for next-generation Li metal batteries. However, the undesirable Li dendrite growth usually results in severe safety hazards and low Coulombic efficiency. In this work, we design a three-dimensional CuO@Cu submicron wire sponge current collector with high mechanical strength SEI layer dominated by LiO during electrochemical reaction process.

Optimized DFT-spread OFDM based visible light communications with multiple lighting sources.

Discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM) has demonstrated its capability in reducing peak to average ratio (PAPR), while maintaining reliable transmissions. This paper investigates the application of DFT-S-OFDM technology in visible light communications (VLC), and reveals the mechanism on how a multiple lighting distributed layout affects its performance. In addition, an optimization approach of lighting layout is proposed through making a trade-off between the strong interfered areas and the maximum delay spread inside.

40 Gb/s CAP32 short reach transmission over 80 km single mode fiber.

We present a method to mitigate the chromatic dispersion (CD)-induced power fading effect (PFE) in high-speed and short-reach carrier-less amplitude and phase (CAP) systems using the degenerate four-wave mixing (DFWM) effect and a decision feedback equalizer (DFE). Theoretical and numerical investigations reveal that DFWM components produced by the interaction between the main carrier and the signal sideband help to mitigate PFE in direct detection systems. By optimizing the launch power, a maximum reach of 60 km in single mode fiber (SMF-e + ) at 1530nm is experimentally demonstrated for a 40 Gbit/s CAP32 system.

Polarization-interleave-multiplexed discrete multi-tone modulation with direct detection utilizing MIMO equalization.

Discrete multi-tone (DMT) modulation is an attractive modulation format for short-reach applications to achieve the best use of available channel bandwidth and signal noise ratio (SNR). In order to realize polarization-multiplexed DMT modulation with direct detection, we derive an analytical transmission model for dual polarizations with intensity modulation and direct diction (IM-DD) in this paper. Based on the model, we propose a novel polarization-interleave-multiplexed DMT modulation with direct diction (PIM-DMT-DD) transmission system, where the polarization de-multiplexing can be achieved by using a simple multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) equalizer and the transmission performance is optimized over two distinct received polarization states to eliminate the singularity issue of MIMO demultiplexing algorithms.