External stenting and disease progression in saphenous vein grafts two years after coronary artery bypass grafting: A multicenter randomized trial.

Objectives: Little data exist regarding the potential of external stents to mitigate long-term disease progression in saphenous vein grafts. We investigated the effect of external stents on the progression of saphenous vein graft disease.

Methods: A total of 184 patients undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass grafting, using an internal thoracic artery graft and at least 2 additional saphenous vein grafts, were enrolled in 14 European centers.

Trends in Utilization and Safety of In-Hospital Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting During a Non-ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction.

Up to 10% of non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) patients require coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery during their hospitalization. Contemporary, real-world, data regarding CABG utilization and safety in NSTEMI patients are lacking. Our objectives were to investigate the contemporary trends in utilization and outcomes of CABG in patients admitted for NSTEMI.

Utilization and Complications of Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation in Patients With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy.

Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) is common and bears a major clinical impact in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). We aimed to investigate the use and real-world safety of catheter ablation for AF in patients with HCM. Methods and Results We drew data from the US National Inpatient Sample to identify cases of AF ablation in HCM patients between 2003 and 2015.

MULTIPLE TESTING OF LOCAL MAXIMA FOR DETECTION OF PEAKS IN CHIP-SEQ DATA.

A topological multiple testing approach to peak detection is proposed for the problem of detecting transcription factor binding sites in ChIP-Seq data. After kernel smoothing of the tag counts over the genome, the presence of a peak is tested at each observed local maximum, followed by multiple testing correction at the desired false discovery rate level. Valid p-values for candidate peaks are computed via Monte Carlo simulations of smoothed Poisson sequences, whose background Poisson rates are obtained via linear regression from a Control sample at two different scales.

MULTIPLE TESTING OF LOCAL MAXIMA FOR DETECTION OF PEAKS IN 1D.

A topological multiple testing scheme for one-dimensional domains is proposed where, rather than testing every spatial or temporal location for the presence of a signal, tests are performed only at the local maxima of the smoothed observed sequence. Assuming unimodal true peaks with finite support and Gaussian stationary ergodic noise, it is shown that the algorithm with Bonferroni or Benjamini-Hochberg correction provides asymptotic strong control of the family wise error rate and false discovery rate, and is power consistent, as the search space and the signal strength get large, where the search space may grow exponentially faster than the signal strength. Simulations show that error levels are maintained for nonasymptotic conditions, and that power is maximized when the smoothing kernel is close in shape and bandwidth to the signal peaks, akin to the matched filter theorem in signal processing.

Light modulates electric phenomena in hornet cuticle.

In the cuticle of live social hornets, such as Vespa orientalis (Hymenoptera, Vespinae), endogenous electric effects are encountered, i.e. voltages of 100-200 mV under illumination and currents amounting to several microamperes on its subjection to darkness-clearly a process of charging and discharging.