Shallow-water Trapezioidea (Decapoda: Brachyura) from the South China Sea, including two new records, and notes on Tetralia glaberrima Herbst, 1790.

A collection of coral symbiotic crabs (Trapezioidea) from the South China Sea reports a total of 24 species, including 12 species of Trapeziidae (including one new record: Trapezia plana Ward, 1941), four species of Domeciidae, and eight species of Tetraliidae (including one new record: Tetralia brengelae Trautwein, 2007). Live color and mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) sequence data of all species are provided.

DNA Methylation of the Autonomous Pathway Is Associated with Flowering Time Variations in .

Plant flowering time is affected by endogenous and exogenous factors, but its variation patterns among different populations of a species has not been fully established. In this study, 27 accessions were used to investigate the relationship between autonomous pathway gene methylation, gene expression and flowering time variation. DNA methylation analysis, RT-qPCR and transgenic verification showed that variation in the flowering time among the populations ranged from 19 to 55 days and was significantly correlated with methylation of the coding regions of six upstream genes in the autonomous pathway, (), (), (), (), () and (), as well as their relative expression levels.

Locality Preservation for Unsupervised Multimodal Change Detection in Remote Sensing Imagery.

Multimodal change detection (MCD) is a topic of increasing interest in remote sensing. Due to different imaging mechanisms, the multimodal images cannot be directly compared to detect the changes. In this article, we explore the topological structure of multimodal images and construct the links between class relationships (same/different) and change labels (changed/unchanged) of pairwise superpixels, which are imaging modality-invariant.

Experimental Investigation on Magnetic Abrasive Finishing for Internal Surfaces of Waveguides Produced by Selective Laser Melting.

To enhance the surface quality of metal 3D-printed components, magnetic abrasive finishing (MAF) technology was employed for post-processing polishing. Experimental investigation employing response surface methodology was conducted to explore the impact of processing gap, rotational speed of the magnetic field, auxiliary vibration, and magnetic abrasive particle (MAP) size on the quality enhancement of internal surfaces. A regression model correlating roughness with crucial process parameters was established, followed by parameter optimization.

Serotonin transporter imaging agent as a probe for β-cells of pancreas.

Objective: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the major diseases in the world. Nuclear medicine imaging may be able to detect functional status of pancreatic β cells in vivo, which might elucidate the pathological mechanisms of diabetes and develop individualized treatment plans. In this study, we evaluated the ability of [I]ADAM, a serotonin transporter (SERT) imaging agent, as a probe for detecting pancreatic β-cell mass (BCM).

Deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism: a prospective, observational study to evaluate diagnostic performance of the Tina-quant D-Dimer Gen.2 assay.

Background: D-Dimer testing is a diagnostic tool for exclusion of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). This study evaluated the diagnostic performance of the Tina-quant® D-Dimer Gen.2 assay (Roche Diagnostics International Ltd, Rotkreuz, Switzerland) in patients with low/intermediate pre-test probability of DVT/PE using standard, age-, and clinical probability-adjusted cut-offs.

Synthesis of Fluoromethylated Chromones and Their Heteroatom Analogues via Sodium Fluoromethanesulfinate-Enabled Direct Fluoromethylation.

An array of biologically interesting tri/difluoromethylated chromones and their heteroatom analogues were conveniently synthesized from the reaction of chromones and their heteroatom analogues with CFSONa or HCFSONa in the presence of -butyl hydroperoxide under mild conditions. A mechanistic pathway involving the generation of the electrophilic tri/difluoromethyl radical, followed with the radical substitution of chromones and their heteroatom analogues, was postulated.

Betulinic acid in the treatment of breast cancer: Application and mechanism progress.

Betulinic acid (BA) is a pentacyclic triterpene compound, which can be obtained by separation, chemical synthesis and biotransformation. BA has excellent biological activities, especially its role in the treatment of breast cancer deserves attention. Its mechanisms mainly include inducing mitochondrial oxidative stress, regulating specific protein (Sp) transcription factors, inhibiting breast cancer metastasis, inhibiting glucose metabolism and NF-κB pathway.

Use of honokiol in lung cancer therapy: a mini review of its pharmacological mechanism.

Honokiol (3',5-di-(2-propenyl)-1,1'-biphenyl-2,2'-diol) is a biologically active natural product derived from and has been shown to have excellent biological activities. This paper discusses research progress on the use of honokiol in the treatment of lung cancer, as studies have confirmed that honokiol can exert anti-lung-cancer effects through multiple pathways and multiple signaling pathways, such as inhibiting angiogenesis, affecting mitochondrial function and apoptosis, regulating of autophagy and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In addition, honokiol combined with other chemotherapy drugs is also a way in which it can be applied.

In vivo and in vitro binding of [ I]I-R-(+)-TISCH: A dopamine D receptor ligand for studying pancreatic β-cell mass.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) and insulinoma are mainly affected by the status of pancreatic β-cell mass (BCM). Development of imaging agents for BCM allows to study pancreatic β cells and the relationship between β cells and DM or insulinoma. In this study, we investigated the density of dopamine D receptor on the β cells and measured BCM by statistical image processing.

l-Leucine supplementation reduces growth performance accompanied by changed profiles of plasma amino acids and expression of jejunal amino acid transporters in breast-fed intra-uterine growth-retarded piglets.

Previously, we provided an evidence that l-Leucine supplementation facilitates growth performance in suckling piglets with normal birth weight. However, it remains hitherto obscure weather breast-fed piglets displaying intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR) show a similar effect in response to l-Leucine provision. In this study, 7-d-old sow-reared IUGR piglets were orally administrated with l-Leucine (0, 0·7, 1·4 or 2·1 g/kg BW) twice daily for 2 weeks.

Exposure to zinc oxide nanoparticles affects testicular structure, reproductive development and spermatogenesis in parental and offspring male rats.

Background: This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the toxicity exerted by zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) on rat testis and its effects on fertility and progeny development.

Methods: Different concentrations of ZnO NPs were administered by gavage to Sprague Dawley (SD) rats to examine the adverse effects resulting from pre- and post-natal exposure. Systemic distribution of ZnO NPs, developmental performance, sperm parameters, reproductive performance, histopathological examination, and sex hormone levels were determined scheduled in the experimental rats and their male offspring.

Image Regression With Structure Cycle Consistency for Heterogeneous Change Detection.

Change detection (CD) between heterogeneous images is an increasingly interesting topic in remote sensing. The different imaging mechanisms lead to the failure of homogeneous CD methods on heterogeneous images. To address this challenge, we propose a structure cycle consistency-based image regression method, which consists of two components: the exploration of structure representation and the structure-based regression.

Asymmetric Hydrophosphonylation of α,β-Unsaturated Ketones Catalyzed by Rare-Earth Metal Complexes Bearing Trost Ligands.

Chiral dinuclear rare-earth metal complexes REL ( = 1, RE = Y(), Eu(), Nd(), La(), Gd(); = 2, RE = Eu(), Gd()) stabilized by the corresponding Trost ligands HL or HL (HL = (,)-2,6-bis[2-(hydroxydiphenylmethyl)pyrrolidin-1-ylmethyl]-4-methylphenol, HL = (,)-2,6-bis[2-(hydroxydiphenylmethyl)pyrrolidin-1-ylmethyl]-4-chlorophenol) were prepared and three unknown complexes - were characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis. The chiral rare-earth metal complexes - displayed high reactivity in the asymmetric hydrophosphonylation of α,β-unsaturated ketones, and 5 mol % of complex together with 10 mol % of chiral diamine (1,2)-1,2-cyclohexanediamine were proved to be the optimal catalyst combination. Various hydrophosphonylation products with excellent yields and high to excellent enantiomeric excess (ee) values were obtained in toluene (up to 99% yield, >99% ee).

[F]BIBD-239: F-Labeled ER176, a Positron Emission Tomography Tracer Specific for the Translocator Protein.

[C]ER176 has adequate sensitivity to image the human brain translocator protein (TSPO) in all three genotypes by positron emission tomography (PET). However, its clinical application is limited by the short half-life of C (20.38 min).

Novel F-Labeled PET Tracers Specific to Aromatase: Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation.

The abnormal expression of aromatase is associated with the occurrence and development of a variety of neurological diseases and tumors. A series of F-labeled and Ga-labeled potential aromatase-binding candidate compounds were designed and synthesized based on the structures of aromatase inhibitors. Competitive inhibition experiments in vitro and molecular docking showed that BIBD-069 and BIBD-071 have high affinity for aromatase.

[F]BIBD-181: A Novel Positron Emission Tomography Tracer Specific for Synaptic Vesicle Glycoprotein 2A.

Dysfunction or decreased expression of synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A (SV2A) is closely related to the progression of neurodegenerative diseases and psychiatric disorders. The development of positron emission tomography (PET) tracers targeting SV2A can provide a strong imaging basis for the diagnosis and treatment of these diseases. Herein we report the synthesis of the novel radiotracer [F]BIBD-181 and its preclinical evaluation.

Omarigliptin ameliorated high glucose-induced nucleotide oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation through activating adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase α (AMPKα) in renal glomerular endothelial cells.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a complication of diabetes that induces the development of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The pathogenesis of DN is reported to be closely related to the activation of the NOD-like receptor 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in renal glomerular endothelial cells. Omarigliptin is a novel dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor developed for the management of type II diabetes, it has been recently reported to possess a significant anti-inflammatory property.

Iterative Robust Graph for Unsupervised Change Detection of Heterogeneous Remote Sensing Images.

This work presents a robust graph mapping approach for the unsupervised heterogeneous change detection problem in remote sensing imagery. To address the challenge that heterogeneous images cannot be directly compared due to different imaging mechanisms, we take advantage of the fact that the heterogeneous images share the same structure information for the same ground object, which is imaging modality-invariant. The proposed method first constructs a robust K -nearest neighbor graph to represent the structure of each image, and then compares the graphs within the same image domain by means of graph mapping to calculate the forward and backward difference images, which can avoid the confusion of heterogeneous data.

The Role of Tumor Inflammatory Microenvironment in Lung Cancer.

Lung cancer is the most common and fatal malignant tumor in the world. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is closely related to the occurrence and development of lung cancer, in which the inflammatory microenvironment plays an important role. Inflammatory cells and inflammatory factors in the tumor inflammatory microenvironment promote the activation of the NF-κB and STAT3 inflammatory pathways and the occurrence, development, and metastasis of lung cancer by promoting immune escape, tumor angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, apoptosis, and other mechanisms.

Self-Assembly of Size-Controlled m-Pyridine-Urea Oligomers and Their Biomimetic Chloride Ion Channels.

The m-pyridine urea (mPU) oligomer was constructed by using the intramolecular hydrogen bond formed by the pyridine nitrogen atom and the NH of urea and the intermolecular hydrogen bond of the terminal carbonyl group and the NH of urea. Due to the synergistic effect of hydrogen bonds, mPU oligomer folds and exhibits strong self-assembly behaviour. Affected by folding, mPU oligomer generates a twisted plane, and one of its important features is that the carbonyl group of the urea group orientates outwards from the twisted plane, while the NHs tend to direct inward.

Comparative efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese patent medicine for NAFLD in childhood or adolescence: A protocol for a Bayesian network meta analysis.

Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is a common reason for chronic liver disease in children and adults. The increasing incidence of the disease has become one of the most critical public health problems in the 21st century, closely related to genetic and environmental factors. So far, apart from changing lifestyle and diet, modern medicine still lacks effective treatment measures.