Cost-effectiveness of screening with transcriptional signatures for incipient TB among U.S. migrants.

Introduction: Host-response-based transcriptional signatures (HrTS) have been developed to identify "incipient tuberculosis (TB)". No study has reported the cost-effectiveness of HrTS for post-arrival migrant screening programs in low-incidence countries.

Objectives: To assess the potential health impact and cost-effectiveness of HrTS for post-arrival TB infection screening among new migrants in the United States.

Differential health impact of intervention programs for time-varying disease risk: a measles vaccination modeling study.

Background: Dynamic modeling is commonly used to evaluate direct and indirect effects of interventions on infectious disease incidence. The risk of secondary outcomes (e.g.

Effect of the suspension of the J&J COVID-19 vaccine on vaccine hesitancy in the United States.

On April 13, 2021, U.S. authorities announced an investigation into potential adverse events associated with the Johnson & Johnson (Janssen, J&J) COVID-19 vaccine and recommended "a pause in the use of this vaccine out of an abundance of caution.

Multiseptate gallbladder: A case report and literature review.

Rationale: Multiseptate gallbladder (MSG) is a rare congenital gallbladder anomaly. Between 1963 and June 2021, only 56 cases were reported. There is currently no treatment guideline for pediatric or adult cases of MSG.

Non-opioid recreational drug use and a prolonged HIV outbreak among men who have sex with men in Taiwan: An incident case-control study, 2006-2015.

Background/purpose: Limited data are available on the role of illicit non-injecting drug use in a prolonged HIV outbreak that predominantly affected men who have sex with men (MSM) in Taiwan since 2006. We aimed to assess associations between specific types of drug use and incident HIV infections in this outbreak.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective case-control study among MSM clients at voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) service at National Taiwan University Hospital (Taipei, Taiwan).

Evaluation of 6-Month Versus Continuous Isoniazid Preventive Therapy for Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Adults Living With HIV/AIDS in Malawi.

Background: To assist the Malawi Ministry of Health to evaluate 2 competing strategies for scale-up of isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) among HIV-positive adults receiving antiretroviral therapy.

Setting: Malawi.

Methods: We used a multidistrict, compartmental model of the Malawi tuberculosis (TB)/HIV epidemic to compare the anticipated health impacts of 6-month versus continuous IPT programs over a 12-year horizon while respecting a US$10.