Hierarchical Augmentation and Distillation for Class Incremental Audio-Visual Video Recognition.

Audio-visual video recognition (AVVR) integrates audio and visual cues to accurately categorize videos. While current methods using provided datasets achieve satisfactory results, they face challenges in retaining historical class knowledge when new classes appear in real-world situations. There are no dedicated methods to address this issue, prompting this paper to explore Class Incremental Audio-Visual Video Recognition (CIAVVR).

A Platform for Site-Specific DNA-Antibody Bioconjugation by Using Benzoylacrylic-Labelled Oligonucleotides.

Many bioconjugation strategies for DNA oligonucleotides and antibodies suffer limitations, such as site-specificity, stoichiometry and hydrolytic instability of the conjugates, which makes them unsuitable for biological applications. Here, we report a new platform for the preparation of DNA-antibody bioconjugates with a simple benzoylacrylic acid pentafluorophenyl ester reagent. Benzoylacrylic-labelled oligonucleotides prepared with this reagent can be site-specifically conjugated to a range of proteins and antibodies through accessible cysteine residues.

Attention-Based Multi-Source Domain Adaptation.

Multi-source domain adaptation (MSDA) aims to transfer knowledge from multi-source domains to one target domain. Inspired by single-source domain adaptation, existing methods solve MSDA by aligning the data distributions between the target domain and each source domain. However, aligning the target domain with the dissimilar source domain would harm the representation learning.

Tumour necrosis factor induces increased production of extracellular amyloid-β- and α-synuclein-containing aggregates by human Alzheimer's disease neurons.

In addition to increased aberrant protein aggregation, inflammation has been proposed as a key element in the pathogenesis and progression of Alzheimer's disease. How inflammation interacts with other disease pathways and how protein aggregation increases during disease are not clear. We used single-molecule imaging approaches and membrane permeabilization assays to determine the effect of chronic exposure to tumour necrosis factor, a master proinflammatory cytokine, on protein aggregation in human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons harbouring monogenic Alzheimer's disease mutations.

A General Assay for Studying Enzymatic Activities of the Ubiquitin System.

The ubiquitin (Ub) system regulates a wide range of cellular signaling pathways. Several hundred E1, E2, and E3 enzymes are together responsible for protein ubiquitination, thereby controlling cellular activities. Due to the numerous enzymes and processes involved, studies of ubiquitination activities have been challenging.

Relationship Between the Incidence of Road Traffic Accidents, Psychological Characteristics, and Genotype in Bus Drivers in a Chinese Population.

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine the association between the incidence of road traffic accidents, psychological characteristics, and genotype in bus drivers in a Chinese population. MATERIAL AND METHODS Bus drivers who had been involved in road traffic accidents (n=106) (the study group), and bus drivers with no history of road traffic accidents (n=106) (the control group) completed demographic questionnaires, the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) and the Type-A behavior pattern (TABP) evaluation. Serum 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) (serotonin), and 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) levels were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography-fluorescent detection (HPLC-FLD).

Nanoscopic Characterisation of Individual Endogenous Protein Aggregates in Human Neuronal Cells.

The aberrant misfolding and subsequent conversion of monomeric protein into amyloid aggregates characterises many neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. These aggregates are highly heterogeneous in structure, generally of low abundance and typically smaller than the diffraction limit of light (≈250 nm). To overcome the challenges these characteristics pose to the study of endogenous aggregates formed in cells, we have developed a method to characterise them at the nanometre scale without the need for a conjugated fluorophore.