Three-Dimensional Stable Cation-Exchange Membrane with Enhanced Mechanical, Electrochemical, and Antibacterial Performance by in Situ Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles.

In this study, a simple and facile approach was proposed to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) loaded cation-exchange membranes (CEMs). A wide analytical study involving scanning electronic microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was accomplished to corroborate that the in situ generated AgNPs were uniformly dispersed in the polymer matrix. In addition, as a result of the proposed synthesis strategy, the cross-linking structure inside the membrane was formed.

A comparison of genotoxicity change in reclaimed wastewater from different disinfection processes.

Effluents before disinfection from four wastewater reclamation plants were treated with chlorine (Cl), ozone (O), chlorine dioxide (ClO), medium-pressure ultraviolet (MPUV) and four different combinations of the above, to evaluate the effect of disinfection processes on the genotoxicity removal by the SOS/umu test. Results showed that the genotoxicity increased after MPUV irradiation (10-100 mJ/cm), but declined when adopting other disinfection processes. The effectiveness of genotoxicity reduction by five chemical disinfectants was identified as: O > pre-ozonation with Cl ≈ ClO > combination of ClO and Cl > Cl.

On the mechanisms of the recurvature of super typhoon Megi.

Tropical cyclones (TC) are one of the most threatening natural hazards to human beings. Although significant improvements have been made in the track prediction of TCs during the past several decades, considerable uncertainties still exist, especially for recurving tracks. In this study, we explore the physical mechanisms that drove the large recurvature of super typhoon Megi through numerical sensitivity experiments using a regional atmospheric model.