An identity-irrelevant discrimination task reveals familiarity-advantage in face perception and no self-advantage in voice perception.

Whether or not self-face and self-voice are processed more accurately than others' remains inconclusive. Most previous studies asked participants to judge the presented stimulus as their own or as others', and compared response accuracy to discuss self-advantage. However, it is possible that participants responded correctly in the "other" trials not by identifying "other" but rather by rejecting "self.

On the nonlinearity of the foreperiod effect.

One of the frequently employed tasks within the implicit timing paradigm is the foreperiod task. The foreperiod is the time interval spanning from the presentation of a warning signal to the appearance of a target stimulus, during which reaction time trajectory follows time uncertainty. While the typical approach in analyzing foreperiod effects is based on linear approximations, the uncertainty in the estimation of time, expressed by the Weber fraction, implies a nonlinear trend.

Near-optimal integration of the magnitude information of time and numerosity.

Magnitude information is often correlated in the external world, providing complementary information about the environment. As if to reflect this relationship, the perceptions of different magnitudes (e.g.

Longitudinal analysis of social isolation effects on finger tapping in the Blursday database.

The Blursday database is a collection of data obtained online from a longitudinal study where participants were asked to participate in several behavioral tasks and questionnaires during the COVID-19 pandemic from their homes. In this study, we analyzed the published data to explore (1) the longitudinal changes in temporal cognition observed from the data collected in the home-based setting (2), the effects of the voluntary quarantine measures implemented in Japan on temporal cognition, (3) whether the participant's temporal cognition is altered by the change in their psychological state or their cognitive abilities, and (4) whether the effects of the quarantine measures depend on the age of the individual. Results show that confinement measures were good predictors for the performance in both spontaneous finger-tapping task and paced finger-tapping task, though these were dependent on the age of the participant.

No evidence for the effect of entrainment's phase on duration reproduction and precision of regular intervals.

Perception of time is not always veridical; rather, it is subjected to distortions. One such compelling distortion is that the duration of regularly spaced intervals is often overestimated. One account suggests that excitatory phases of neural entrainment concomitant with such stimuli play a major role.

The Blursday database as a resource to study subjective temporalities during COVID-19.

The COVID-19 pandemic and associated lockdowns triggered worldwide changes in the daily routines of human experience. The Blursday database provides repeated measures of subjective time and related processes from participants in nine countries tested on 14 questionnaires and 15 behavioural tasks during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 2,840 participants completed at least one task, and 439 participants completed all tasks in the first session.

Temporal perceptual learning distinguishes between empty and filled intervals.

Temporal perceptual learning (TPL) refers to improved temporal performance as a result of training with sub-second intervals. Most studies on TPL have focused on empty intervals (i.e.

Effect of luminance signal and perceived speed on motion-related duration distortions.

The duration of moving stimuli is overestimated compared to that of static stimuli (motion-induced duration dilation). In contrast, after participants visually adapt to a moving stimulus, they underestimate the duration of a following moving stimulus (adaptation-induced duration compression). These two motion-related time distortions have not been examined using the same stimuli within a study, and it remains unknown whether these phenomena have similar characteristics.

Testing the Reproducibility of the Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation: Failure to Modulate Beauty Perception by Brain Stimulation.

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been recognized as a promising tool for investigating the causal relationship between specific brain areas of interest and behavior. However, the reproducibility of previous tDCS studies is often questioned because of failures in replication. This study focused on the effects of tDCS on one cognitive domain: beauty perception.

Partially Separable Aspects of Spatial and Temporal Estimations in Virtual Navigation as Revealed by Adaptation.

Recent studies claim that estimating the magnitude of the spatial and temporal aspects of one's self-motion shows similar characteristics, suggesting shared processing mechanisms between these two dimensions. While the estimation of other magnitude dimensions, such as size, number, and duration, exhibits negative aftereffects after prolonged exposure to the stimulus, it remains to be elucidated whether this could occur similarly in the estimation of the distance travelled and time elapsed during one's self-motion. We sought to fill this gap by examining the effects of adaptation on distance and time estimation using a virtual navigation task.

Weighted Integration of Duration Information Across Visual and Auditory Modality Is Influenced by Modality-Specific Attention.

We constantly integrate multiple types of information from different sensory modalities. Generally, such integration is influenced by the modality that we attend to. However, for duration perception, it has been shown that when duration information from visual and auditory modalities is integrated, the perceived duration of the visual stimulus leaned toward the duration of the auditory stimulus, irrespective of which modality was attended.

Bubble cascade may form not only in stout beers.

In a glass of stout beer, a very large number of small dispersed bubbles form a texture motion of a bubble swarm moving downwards. Such a cascading motion is caused by a gravity-driven hydrodynamic instability and depends on the interbubble distance. To estimate these two corresponding indicators, an experimentally measured velocity profile is required and, thus, is obtained a posteriori.

Disentangling the effects of modality, interval length and task difficulty on the accuracy and precision of older adults in a rhythmic reproduction task.

Studies on the functional quality of the internal clock that governs the temporal processing of older adults have demonstrated mixed results as to whether they perceive and produce time slower, faster, or equally well as younger adults. These mixed results are due to a multitude of methodologies applied to study temporal processing: many tasks demand different levels of cognitive ability. To investigate the temporal accuracy and precision of older adults, in Experiment 1, we explored the age-related differences in rhythmic continuation task taking into consideration the effects of attentional resources required by the stimulus (auditory vs.

Effect of inhibition indexed by auditory P300 on transmission of visual sensory information.

Early electroencephalographic studies that focused on finding brain correlates of psychic events led to the discovery of the P300. Since then, the P300 has become the focus of many basic and clinical neuroscience studies. However, despite its wide applications, the underlying function of the P300 is not yet clearly understood.

Neural representations of own-voice in the human auditory cortex.

We have a keen sensitivity when it comes to the perception of our own voices. We can detect not only the differences between ourselves and others, but also slight modifications of our own voices. Here, we examined the neural correlates underlying such sensitive perception of one's own voice.

Multiple Irrelevant Duration Information Affects the Perception of Relevant Duration Information: Interference With Selective Processing of Duration.

In the human visual environment, the ability to perceive only relevant duration is important for various activities. However, a relatively small number of studies have investigated how humans process multiple durations, in comparison with the processing of one or two durations. We investigated the effects of multiple irrelevant durations on the perception of relevant duration.

Older adults preserve accuracy but not precision in explicit and implicit rhythmic timing.

Aging brings with it several forms of neurophysiological and cognitive deterioration, but whether a decline in temporal processing is part of the aging process is unclear. The current study investigated whether this timing deficit has a cause independent of those of memory and attention using rhythmic stimuli that reduce the demand for these higher cognitive functions. In Study 1, participants took part in two rhythmic timing tasks: explicit and implicit.

Effect of change saliency and neural entrainment on flicker-induced time dilation.

When a visual stimulus flickers periodically and rhythmically, the perceived duration tends to exceed its physical duration in the peri-second range. Although flicker-induced time dilation is a robust time illusion, its underlying neural mechanisms remain inconclusive. The neural entrainment account proposes that neural entrainment of the exogenous visual stimulus, marked by steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEPs) over the visual cortex, is the cause of time dilation.

Bubble cascade in Guinness beer is caused by gravity current instability.

The downward movement of the bubble-texture in a glass of Guinness beer is a fascinating fluid flow driven by the buoyant force of a large number of small-diameter bubbles. This texture motion is a frequently observed phenomenon on pub tables. The physical mechanism of the texture-formation has been discussed previously, but inconsistencies exist between these studies.

[Time Perception in an Individual with Split Brain].

Time information is processed and perceived consciously and unconsciously in our daily life. Since time information is based on multiple inputs from multiple sensory modalities, its processing involves various brain regions. In this study, we investigated the role of the corpus callosum in time perception of task-relevant visual stimuli, with inhibition of the task-irrelevant stimuli, in an individual with agenesis of the corpus callosum.

Optimal multisensory integration leads to optimal time estimation.

Our brain compensates sensory uncertainty by combining multisensory information derived from an event, and by integrating the current sensory signal with the prior knowledge about the statistical structure of previous events. There is growing evidence that both strategies are statistically optimal; however, how these two stages of information integration interact and shape an optimal percept remains an open question. In the present study, we investigated the perception of time as an amodal perceptual attribute.

Multiple Time Intervals of Visual Events Are Represented as Discrete Items in Working Memory.

Previous studies on time perception and temporal memory have focused primarily on single time intervals; it is still unclear how multiple time intervals are perceived and maintained in working memory. In the present study, using Sternberg's item recognition task, we compared the working memory of multiple items with different time intervals and visual textures, for sub- and supra-second ranges, and investigated the characteristics of working memory representation in the framework of the signal detection theory. In Experiments 1-3, gratings with different spatial frequencies and time intervals were sequentially presented as study items, followed by another grating as a probe.

Auditory traits of "own voice".

People perceive their recorded voice differently from their actively spoken voice. The uncanny valley theory proposes that as an object approaches humanlike characteristics, there is an increase in the sense of familiarity; however, eventually a point is reached where the object becomes strangely similar and makes us feel uneasy. The feeling of discomfort experienced when people hear their recorded voice may correspond to the floor of the proposed uncanny valley.

The Amount of Time Dilation for Visual Flickers Corresponds to the Amount of Neural Entrainments Measured by EEG.

The neural basis of time perception has long attracted the interests of researchers. Recently, a conceptual model consisting of neural oscillators was proposed and validated by behavioral experiments that measured the dilated duration in perception of a flickering stimulus (Hashimoto and Yotsumoto, 2015). The model proposed that flickering stimuli cause neural entrainment of oscillators, resulting in dilated time perception.

Periodic Fluctuation of Perceived Duration.

In recent years, several studies have reported that the allocation of spatial attention fluctuates periodically. This periodic attention was revealed by measuring behavioral performance as a function of cue-to-target interval in the Posner cueing paradigm. Previous studies reported behavioral oscillations using target detection tasks.