Clinical characteristics of over-the-counter (OTC) drug abusers in psychiatric practice in Japan: Comparison of single and multiple OTC product abusers.

Objective: To examine the clinical characteristics of over-the-counter (OTC) drug abusers in psychiatric practice in Japan.

Method: We examined the attributes, ICD-10 subcategory, and comorbid mental disorders of patients who mainly abuse OTC products and compared the clinical characteristics of single product and multiple products abusers, using the database of the "2022 Nationwide Mental Hospital Survey of Drug-related Disorders."

Results: Among the 2468 subjects included in this survey, 273 (11.

Ifenprodil for the treatment of methamphetamine use disorder: An exploratory, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Aim: No effective pharmacological interventions have been developed for patients with methamphetamine use disorder. Ifenprodil is a blocker of G protein-activated inwardly rectifying potassium channels, which play a key role in the mechanism of action of addictive substances. We conducted a randomized, double-blind, exploratory, dose-ranging, placebo-controlled trial to examine the clinical efficacy of ifenprodil for the treatment of methamphetamine use disorder.

Risk factors for the onset of dependence and chronic psychosis due to cannabis use: Survey of patients with cannabis-related psychiatric disorders.

Aim: The objective of the current study was to identify risk factors that affect the onset of dependence and chronic psychosis due to cannabis use.

Methods: We examined clinical genetic factors, psychiatric disorders prior to cannabis use, starting age of cannabis use, duration and frequency of cannabis use, types of cannabis products used, combined use of other psychoactive substances, and the psychiatric diagnosis of 71 patients with cannabis-related psychiatric disorders who underwent treatment at nine mental health hospitals in Japan. Information was collected from cross-sectional interview surveys conducted by each patient's attending psychiatrist.

Changes of clinical symptoms in patients with new psychoactive substance (NPS)-related disorders from fiscal year 2012 to 2014: A study in hospitals specializing in the treatment of addiction.

Aims: The use of new psychoactive substances (NPS) has become increasingly widespread over the last decade, in Japan and internationally. NPS are associated with a range of increasingly serious clinical, public, and social issues. Political measures to ameliorate the effects of NPS in Japan have focused on tightening regulation rather than establishing treatment methods.

Study of effects of ifenprodil in patients with methamphetamine dependence: Protocol for an exploratory, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Aims: Pharmacotherapy for methamphetamine dependence has not yet been developed in Japan or elsewhere in the world. Ifenprodil is a blocker of G protein-activated inwardly rectifying potassium channels that play a key role in the mechanism of action of addictive substances. Our aim is to examine the safety, efficacy, and outcomes of ifenprodil for the treatment of methamphetamine dependence in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

The influence of tightening regulations on patients with new psychoactive substance-related disorders in Japan.

Aims: This study aimed to investigate the influence of tightened regulations on new psychoactive substances in patients with disorders related to these drugs in Japan.

Methods: We used a biennial nationwide survey on drug-related psychiatric disorders to examine why individuals who had previously used new psychoactive substances as their primary drug (the drug that had the greatest impact on their psychiatric symptoms) had switched to other drugs, how they had used drugs in the last 12 months and what type of drugs they were now using. We compared the clinical features of these individuals with patients who mainly used new psychoactive substances and had used these drugs at least once in the last 12 months.

Recent changes in the clinical features of patients with new psychoactive-substances-related disorders in Japan: Comparison of the Nationwide Mental Hospital Surveys on Drug-related Psychiatric Disorders undertaken in 2012 and 2014.

Aim: The aim of this study was to examine changes in the psychosocial backgrounds and clinical features of patients with psychiatric disorders associated with new psychoactive substances (NPS) between 2012 and 2014 in Japan.

Methods: Clinical features of patients with NPS-related disorders were compared using data from the Nationwide Mental Hospital Surveys on Drug-related Psychiatric Disorders undertaken in 2012 and 2014. NPS patients were compared with a control group comprising patients with methamphetamine-related disorders, using data from the same period.

[Efficacy of the Serigaya Methamphetamine Relapse Prevention Program (SMARPP): for patients with drug use disorder: A study on factors influencing 1-year follow-up outcomes].

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the Serigaya Methamphetamine Relapse Prevention Program (SMARPP), which is the workbook-based group therapy for individuals with drug dependence, through investigating 1-year follow-up outcomes.

Method And Subjects: The sample was drawn from 231 outpatients diagnosed as DSM-IV substance use disorder, who had firstly consulted the drug dependence clinic of the Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry between September 2009 and June 2013. Of the 231 potential subjects, 79 had participated in SMARPP at least once, and finally 37 who had continued contact this clinic for more than 1 year after due-day of finishing the first SMARPP course were determined as the subjects.

[Response to treatment of patients abusing the "dappou drug" who participated in a group relapse prevention program: a comparison with patients abusing methamphetamine].

In this study, we compared the efficacy of a group relapse prevention program using the cognitive behavioral therapy-based workbook, Serigaya Methamphetamine Relapse Prevention Program (SMARPP), between patients abusing the so-called "dappou drugs" (designer drug in Japan, and those abusing methamphetamine (MAP). Both groups participated in the SMARPP at the Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry. Results showed that, no significant differences were found in the rates of participation in the program or self-reported frequency of drug or alcohol use between the patients abusing "dappou drugs" or MAP.

Clinical features of patients with designer-drug-related disorder in Japan: a comparison with patients with methamphetamine- and hypnotic/anxiolytic-related disorders.

Aim: The aim of this study was to clarify the clinical features of designer-drug-abusing patients through comparisons with methamphetamine-abusing patients and hypnotics/anxiolytics-abusing patients.

Methods: Information on 126 designer-drug-abusing patients, 138 methamphetamine-abusing patients, and 87 hypnotics/anxiolytics-abusing patients was extracted from the 2012 database of 'The Nationwide Mental Hospital Survey on Drug-related Psychiatric Disorders' and the clinical variables of designer-drug-abusing patients compared with those of the other two groups.

Results: Multivariate analysis indicated the following significant differences between designer-drug-abusing patients and the other two types of patients: designer-drug-abusing patients were younger, included more men, had higher education and fewer relationships with antisocial groups, and included more patients meeting ICD-10 F1 sub-classification categories of 'Harmful use' and 'Psychotic disorders' than methamphetamine-abusing patients.

[Clinical characteristics of dappou herb use--disorder patients at the drug dependence clinic: a comparison with methamphetamine use-disorder patients].

Background And Purpose: Use of the so-called "dappou herb," a street drug typically produced by mixing herbs with synthetic cannabinoid (estimated to be the pharmacologically effective ingredient), has recently spread to young people in Japan who consider it a new recreational drug. It is not legally regulated because no illicit ingredients have been detected in the drug by conventional screening tests. It is easily obtained via the Internet or from street vendors.

A case of methamphetamine use disorder treated with the antibiotic drug minocycline.

Methamphetamine (METH) use is one of the major public health concerns worldwide. Long-term use of METH induces not only dependence but also psychosis which is associated with METH-induced brain damage, including neuroinflammation produced by activated microglia. We report the case of a female patient whose psychotic symptoms in METH use disorder were successfully improved by anti-inflammatory drug minocycline therapy.

Pharmacological characterization of [(125)I]CHIBA-1006 binding, a new radioligand for α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, to rat brain membranes.

The α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) play an important role in the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric diseases such as schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease. However, there are currently no suitable small molecule radioligands for imaging α7 nAChRs in the brain. In this study, we synthesized the novel radioligand [(125)I]4-iodophenyl 1,4-diazaicyclo[3.

Characterization of [(3)H]CHIBA-1001 binding to alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the brain from rat, monkey, and human.

Accumulating evidence suggests that the alpha7 subtype of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) plays a role in the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric diseases, including schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease. Currently, there are no suitable small molecule radioligands for alpha7 nAChRs in the brain, although [(125)I]alpha-bungarotoxin has been widely used as a radioligand for alpha7 nAChRs. In the present study, we characterized a new radioligand, 4-[(3)H]methylphenyl 2,5-diazabicyclo[3.

Effects of quetiapine on phencyclidine-induced cognitive deficits in mice: a possible role of alpha1-adrenoceptors.

Accumulating evidence suggests that alpha(1)-adrenoceptors may be involved in the mechanisms of action of some antipsychotic drugs. The present study was undertaken to examine the effects of quetiapine, an atypical antipsychotic drug with alpha(1)-adrenoceptor antagonism, on cognitive deficits in mice after repeated administration of the NMDA receptor antagonist phencyclidine (PCP). Subsequent subchronic (14 days) administration of quetiapine (1.

Phencyclidine-induced cognitive deficits in mice are ameliorated by subsequent subchronic administration of donepezil: role of sigma-1 receptors.

This study was undertaken to examine the effects of two acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (donepezil and physostigmine) on cognitive deficits in mice after repeated administration of the NMDA receptor antagonist phencyclidine (PCP). In the novel object recognition test, PCP (10 mg/kg/day for 10 days)-induced cognitive deficits were significantly improved by subsequent subchronic (14 days) administration of donepezil (1.0 mg/kg/day), but not donepezil (0.