Syntactic structures in motion: investigating word order variations in verb-final (Korean) and verb-initial (Tongan) languages.

This study explored sentence processing in two typologically distinct languages: Korean, a verb-final language, and Tongan, a verb-initial language. The first experiment revealed that in Korean, sentences arranged in the scrambled OSV (Object, Subject, Verb) order were processed more slowly than those in the canonical SOV order, highlighting a scrambling effect. It also found that sentences with subject topicalization in the SOV order were processed as swiftly as those in the canonical form, whereas sentences with object topicalization in the OSV order were processed with speeds and accuracy comparable to scrambled sentences.

Antiobesity Effect of -Acetylneuraminic Acid by Enhancing Antioxidative Capacity in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet.

The sialic acid -acetylneuraminic acid (NANA), an essential factor in bioregulation, is a functional food component that is known to have beneficial health effects, but its antiobesity effect has not been clearly understood. Adipocyte dysfunction in obesity involves a decrease in the level of NANA sialylation. In this study, we investigated the antiobesity effect of NANA in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) and in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.

Low-carbohydrate diets adversely impact the skin of a mouse model of photoaging exposed to ultraviolet B radiation.

The study results regarding the effects of low-carbohydrate (LC) diets remain controversial; hence further research is required to assess their safety. Here, we examined whether LC diets cause skin damage in C57BL/6J mice. Six-week-old female mice ( = 20) were fed an LC (protein/fat/carbohydrate energy ratio = 35:45:20) or control diet for eight weeks, after which their backs were shaved, and a subset of the mice were exposed to ultraviolet B radiation thrice per week.

Low-Carbohydrate Diet Inhibits Different Advanced Glycation End Products in Kidney Depending on Lipid Composition but Causes Adverse Morphological Changes in a Non-Obese Model Mice.

Low carbohydrate diets (LC diets) have been noted for adverse health effects. In addition, the effect of lipid composition on an LC diet is unclear. In this study, we used an LC diet containing two different lipids, lard (LC group) and medium-chain triglyceride oil (MCT-LC group), to examine the effect of an LC diet in non-obese mice.

[Promotion of home shifts for terminal cancer patients through intervention of visitor palliative care team].

It has been recommended that terminal cancer patients be shifted from the hospital to their homes. In our hospital, a visitor palliative care team was started for the purpose of the early introduction of palliative care, and home shifts were promoted. The results of home shifts by the visitor palliative care team from 2008 to 2012 were examined.

Effect of fenofibrate on uric acid metabolism in Japanese hyperlipidemic patients.

Forty Type IIb or IV hyperlipidemic patients (serum triglyceride concentrations were higher than 150 mg/dl) were treated with fenofibrate (300 mg/day) for 12 weeks. Lipid profile and uric acid metabolism were evaluated before and after the treatment; the serum concentrations of total cholesterol and triglyceride respectively decreased from 224 +/- 41.9 mg/dl to 199 +/- 35.

Roles of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and p53 in neuronal cell death induced by doxorubicin on cerebellar granule neurons in mouse.

Cell cycle regulators such as cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) and their inhibitors (Ckis) have been reported to be involved in neuronal cell death (NCD) induced by a variety of insults such as ischemia, UV-irradiation, nerve growth factor (NGF)-withdrawal, and anticancer therapeutics. But their precise interactive regulation has still to be unveiled. In the present study, we focused on cell cycle regulators such as Cdk4, p21(WAF1) and p53 to clarify their regulatory mechanisms, using NCD induced by doxorubicin (D-NCD) in mouse cerebellar granule neurons as a model.

Visceral fat: higher responsiveness of fat mass and gene expression to calorie restriction than subcutaneous fat.

Visceral fat accumulation is accompanied by several metabolic disorders. Here, we investigate the improvement of visceral fat accumulation in the early phase of diet. Hyperlipidemic obese patients received a low-calorie diet (1000 kcal/day) for 14 days.