Introduction: Enfortumab vedotin (EV) is an antibody-drug conjugate combining a monoclonal antibody targeting nectin-4 with a highly potent microtubule disrupting agent. EV is expected to be a candidate for the third-line treatment for urothelial carcinoma previously treated with platinum-based chemotherapy and PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. Very few cases of patients experienced hyperglycemia of unknown cause.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTorsion is the twisting of an object along the axis, and various structures (organs and tumors) in the body can twist. Torsion causes initial lymphatic and venous outflow obstruction, leading to congestive edema, enlargement, venous hemorrhagic infarction, and surrounding edema. It can also cause subsequent arterial obstruction depending on the degree of torsion, leading to ischemia, infarction, necrosis, gangrene, and surrounding inflammation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Distant metastasis of T1a renal cell carcinoma is rare and whether metastasis is more probable in patients undergoing hemodialysis remains unclear. We report the autopsy case of a patient undergoing hemodialysis with multiple metastases that rapidly progressed from T1a renal cell carcinoma treated with multimodal therapy including nivolumab.
Case Presentation: A 70-year-old male who underwent hemodialysis was diagnosed with clear cell carcinoma (pT1a, G2) after nephrectomy.
Purpose: Complete androgen insensitivity syndrome (CAIS) and Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome (MRKHS) share common clinical features such as female phenotype, vaginal hypoplasia, and primary amenorrhea. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is performed to investigate the cause of primary amenorrhea. However, the MRI features are also similar in both disorders.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: This study aimed to clarify associations between subacute hematoma on placental magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), antenatal bleeding, and preterm deliveries in patients with placenta previa (PP) without placenta accreta spectrum (PAS).
Materials And Methods: This retrospective study investigated 78 consecutive patients with PP (median age, 34.5 years; interquartile range [IQR], 31-37 years) who underwent placental MRI in the third trimester.
Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapies have broadened the armamentarium for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). As the ICI therapy spreads in the clinical settings, immune-related adverse events are more of a concern for clinicians. The present study reports three cases of mRCC treated with pembrolizumab plus axitinib and diagnosed hypopituitarism based on clinical symptoms and hormonal profile.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: To explore how primary care health professionals perceive their own mental health in a conflict-affected setting during and beyond the COVID-19 pandemic and to explore their perspectives on mental health services.
Methods: The Gaza Strip faces a chronic humanitarian crisis and is suffering from the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic; United Nations Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA) health centres were used to recruit participants for this study. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 29 health professionals in UNRWA health centres who were sampled using maximum variation sampling.
Decidualization can originate in ovarian endometrioma by elevated serum progesterone levels during pregnancy, which mimics malignancy on ultrasonography. Moreover, decidualized ovarian endometrioma may rupture and cause acute abdominal pain during pregnancy. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is reportedly useful in differentiating decidualized ovarian endometriomas from malignancies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) experienced a burden of organised violence within 18 low-income and middle-income countries and hosted over 33 million displaced persons in 2019. Community-centred mental health and psychosocial support (cc-MHPSS) programmes may provide insights to address the psychosocial well-being of conflict-affected individuals, though literature is mixed on community impact. This review aimed to synthesise qualitative evidence to understand the kind of experiences conflict-affected participants have and how these experiences occur during cc-MHPSS programme engagement in SSA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Complement Med Ther
August 2021
Background: The popular use of traditional medicine in low-income settings has previously been attributed to poverty, lack of education, and insufficient accessibility to conventional health service. However, in many countries, including in Rwanda, the use of traditional medicine is still popular despite the good accessibility and availability of conventional health services. This study aims to explore why traditional medicine is popularly used in Rwanda where it has achieved universal health coverage.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTranscult Psychiatry
August 2021
Prior studies have traced sociality and temporality as significant features of African healing. However, association between the two has not been explicitly investigated. This paper explores how sociality and temporality are associated in local experiences of distress and healing among northern Rwandans.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: How and why people in a particular setting turn to a specific coping strategy for their distress is pivotal for strengthening mental healthcare and this needs to be understood from a local point of view. Prior research in northern Rwanda documented common local concepts of distress for the population that cannot receive assistance despite severe adversities; however, the locally-perceived causes, manifestation and coping strategies and their associations are still unclear.
Methods: The qualitative study in the Musanze district, northern Rwanda, was informed by Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis.
In the figure 2, "CLBP Low fear" located at the right end of Time of Phase 1 is wrong. The correct statement is "CLBP High fear". The complete correct figure 2 is given below.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: We aimed to kinematically analyze lumbar bending and returning movements and clarify the relationship between fear of movement and kinematic output.
Methods: We recruited 45 participants with CLBP (i.e.
To contribute to understanding the association between silence and suffering in the context of war and political repression, this study sheds light on the meaning-making process and explores the underlying mechanisms by which silence leads to suffering and how this suffering could be alleviated. The ethnographic research was conducted in 2015-2016, with 43 participants from northern Rwanda, who survived massacres after the 1994 genocide but were prevented from speaking about the experience by political constraints. The findings first describe their suffering, through grief, social isolation and loss of meaning in life and death (expressed as existential questions).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGoal-directed movements of a limb are optimized by sensorimotor integration, a process that merges both sensory and motor representations. In a previous study, we revealed that abnormal sensory representation can impair reach-to-grasp movements in patients with spinothalamocortical pathway lesions. This abnormal motor control was significantly recovered when referencing correct somatosensory information with the intact hand.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: Neurorehabilitation techniques using virtual reality (VR) systems have recently become widespread as a rehabilitation method for restoring phantom limb movement and alleviating phantom limb pain (PLP). However, analgesic effects have varied between studies, possibly because of differences in the characteristics of PLP between patients (e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol
January 2019
Objective: To determine the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-detectable morphology of the placental cotyledon, we proposed the first cotyledon appearance scores on MRI. Cotyledon appearance scores consist of two subscores: orthogonal and parallel cotyledon appearance scores. These represent cotyledon appearance orthogonal or parallel to the placental thickness, respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMed Sci (Basel)
October 2018
Recently, discussions have considered how mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) can build upon local resilience in war-affected settings. To contribute to the knowledge in this field, the paper explored the gap between MHPSS and local communities in terms of perceived mental health problems and healing processes, and how the gap could be filled. Qualitative research was conducted in northern Rwanda with 43 participants between 2015 and 2016.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPatients with central post-stroke sensory ataxia (CPSA) suffer from not only somatosensory dysfunction but also the ataxic movement disorder of the affected limb. These sensory and motor impairments possibly interfere each other, but such interference is still unclear. We evaluated smoothness of grasp movements in CPSA patients using a kinematic analysis, and verified the effect of somatosensory reference from the intact hand on grasp movements.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPain-related fear can exacerbate physical disability and pathological pain in complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) patients. We conducted a kinematic analysis of grasping movements with a pediatric patient suffering from CRPS in an upper limb to investigate how pain-related fear affects motor control. Using a three-dimensional measurement system, we recorded the patient's movement while grasping three vertical bars of different diameters (thin, middle, thick) with the affected and intact hands.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) usually affects both sensory and motor function of hands and feet, resulting in impaired skilled hand function (e.g., typing a keyboard).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Phys Ther Sci
January 2017
[Purpose] Although there are several studies on the use of elastic tape to influence muscle strength, results are contradictory and controversial. Our previous studies based on the sliding mechanism between superficial fascia and subcutaneous tissue may help the muscle strength. The purpose of this study was to confirm the effects of new taping methods on muscle strength.
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