Rapid deterioration of primary fourth ventricular outlet obstruction resulting in syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion.

Fourth ventricular outlet obstruction (FVOO) is a rare cause of obstructive hydrocephalus. Although FVOO accompanied by malformative syndrome and secondary causes of obstruction are common, there are few reports of primary FVOO (PFVOO). The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) is a rare presenting feature of hydrocephalus.

Immunohistochemical evidence for the existence of novel mammalian neuropeptides related to the Hydra GLW-amide neuropeptide family.

The GLW-amide family is a neuropeptide family found in cnidarian species and is characterized by the C-terminal amino acid sequence -Gly-Leu-Trp-NH(2). To detect mammalian peptides structurally related to the GLW-amide family, we examined rat brain by immunohistochemistry with an anti-GLW-amide antibody. GLW-amide-like immunoreactivity (GLW-amide-LI) was observed in thin varicose fibers in some regions of the brain.

Phase shifts of the circadian locomotor rhythm induced by pigment-dispersing factor in the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus.

Pigment-dispersing factors (PDFs) are octadeca-peptides widely distributed in insect optic lobes and brain. In this study, we have purified PDF and determined its amino acid sequence in the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus. Its primary structure was NSEIINSLLGLPKVLNDA-NH(2), homologous to other PDH family members so far reported.

Identification of a new member of the GLWamide peptide family: physiological activity and cellular localization in cnidarian polyps.

KPNAYKGKLPIGLWamide, a novel member of the GLWamide peptide family, was isolated from Hydra magnipapillata. The purification was monitored with a bioassay: contraction of the retractor muscle of a sea anemone, Anthopleura fuscoviridis. The new peptide, termed Hym-370, is longer than the other GLWamides previously isolated from H.

Structural and functional diversities of the Aplysia Mytilus inhibitory peptide-related peptides.

Aplysia Mytilus inhibitory peptide-related peptides (AMRPs) are multiple hexapeptides coded on a single precursor. By comparing the AMRP precursors of two species of Aplysia (Aplysia californica and Aplysia kurodai), we found that there are substantial numbers of species-specific AMRPs. We next compared the function of AMRPs on the anterior aorta between A.

The enterins inhibit the contractile activity of the anterior aorta of Aplysia kurodai.

The anterior aorta is one of the largest blood vessels in the marine mollusc Aplysia kurodai. We examined the actions of recently identified neuropeptides, the enterins, on this blood vessel. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the enterin-immunopositive nerve fibers and varicosity-like structures are abundant in the aorta.

Isolation and characterization of a GnRH-like peptide from Octopus vulgaris.

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is the key peptide in the hypothalamo-hypophysial-gonadal axis, the core of regulation of reproduction in vertebrates. In this study, an octopus peptide with structural features similar to vertebrate GnRHs was isolated from brains of Octopus vulgaris. This peptide showed luteinizing hormone-releasing activity in quail anterior pituitary cells.