Immunohistochemical Analysis of Debris Captured by Filter-Type Distal Embolic Protection Devices for Carotid Artery Stenting.

Background: Little is known about the micro-debris captured in filter-type distal embolic protection devices (EPD) used for carotid stenting (CAS). This study aimed to determine the histological and immunohistochemical characteristics of such debris by using a new liquid-based cytology (LBC) technique.

Methods: Fifteen patients who underwent CAS using a filter-type distal EPD (FilterWire EZ; Boston Scientific, Marlborough, MA, USA) were included in the study.

Computational fluid dynamics analysis of tandem carotid artery stenoses: Investigation of neurological complications after carotid artery stenting.

Background: Combined extra- and intracranial carotid artery stenoses, particularly involving multiple lesions, show complex hemodynamic properties and represent a therapeutic dilemma. We used computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to investigate whether insufficient cerebral blood flow (CBF) in a 70-year-old man with tandem stenoses was the cause of aphasia and right hemiparesis after carotid artery stenting (CAS) of the extracranial stenosis.

Method: Three-dimensional digital subtraction angiography (3D-DSA) was performed before and after balloon angioplasty and CAS in the patient.

Determining the Presence of Thin-Walled Regions at High-Pressure Areas in Unruptured Cerebral Aneurysms by Using Computational Fluid Dynamics.

Background: Thin-walled regions (TWRs) of cerebral aneurysms are at high risk of rupture, and careful attention should be paid during surgical procedures. Despite this, an optimal imaging technique to estimate TWRs has not been established. Previously, pressure elevation at TWRs was reported with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) but not fully evaluated.

Fluid structure interaction analysis reveals facial nerve palsy caused by vertebral-posterior inferior cerebellar artery aneurysm.

Cranial nerve palsy caused by aneurysmal compression has not been fully evaluated. The main causes of symptoms are considered to be direct mechanical compression and aneurysm pulsations. Recent studies indicate that nerve dysfunction is mainly induced by pulsation rather than by direct compression, and successful cases of endovascular surgery have been reported.