Safety and efficacy of abiraterone acetate plus prednisolone in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer: a prospective, observational, post-marketing surveillance study.

Background: Abiraterone acetate plus prednisolone is approved to treat patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer. This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of abiraterone acetate plus prednisolone in castration-resistant prostate cancer patients with or without previous chemotherapy in a real-world setting in Japan.

Methods: This study was an observational, prospective, post-marketing surveillance.

Human NINEIN polymorphism at codon 1111 is associated with the risk of colorectal cancer.

NINEIN serves an essential role in centrosome function as a microtubule organizing center, and in the reformation of the interphase centrosome architecture following mitosis. In the present study, the association between Pro1111Ala (rs2236316), a missense single nucleotide polymorphism, and the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), related to smoking and alcohol consumption habits in 200 patients with CRC and 1,141 cancer-free control participants were assessed in a case-control study performed in Japan. The results showed that the Ala/Ala genotype compared with the Pro/Pro genotype was significantly more associated with an increased risk of CRC, and the males with the Ala/Ala genotype exhibited a significantly increased risk of CRC compared with those with Pro/Pro and Pro/Ala genotypes.

Human RAD 17 Polymorphism at Codon 546 Is Associated with the Risk of Colorectal Cancer.

Human RAD17 acts as an activator of checkpoint signals in response to DNA damage. Here we evaluated the association of hRAD17 Leu546Arg (rs1045051), a missense single nucleotide polymorphism, with the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) in relation to smoking and alcohol consumption habits in 212 CRC patients and 1,142 cancer-free controls in a case-control study conducted in Japan. The results showed that the hRAD17 Leu/Arg genotype compared to the Leu/Leu genotypes was significantly associated with the protective effect on CRC risk with the adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 0.

Genetic polymorphism at codon 546 of the human RAD17 contributes to the risk for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Human RAD17, a human homolog of the Schizosaccharomyces pombe cell cycle checkpoint gene RAD17, plays a significant role in activating checkpoint signals in response to DNA damage. We evaluated the association of hRAD17 Leu546Arg (rs1045051), a missense single nucleotide polymorphism, with the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in relation to smoking and alcohol consumption history in 154 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma male patients and 695 cancer-free male controls by a case-control study conducted in Japan. The results showed that the hRAD17 Arg/Arg genotype compared to the Leu/Leu and Leu/Arg genotypes was significantly associated with the risk of the esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with an adjusted odds ratios of 2.

TP53 codon 72 polymorphism is associated with pancreatic cancer risk in males, smokers and drinkers.

Tumor protein p53 (TP53) is the best-known tumor suppressor gene and plays a crucial role in carcinogenesis. The TP53 Arg 72 Pro polymorphism has been reported to be a risk factor for several types of cancer, but its association with pancreatic cancer has not been fully evaluated. Therefore, we investigated the effects of this polymorphism on pancreatic cancer in relation to smoking and drinking habits by examining the distribution of the SNP genotypes in 226 pancreatic cancer patients and 448 healthy controls.

MR and US imaging for breast cancer patients who underwent conservation surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy: comparison of triple negative breast cancer and other intrinsic subtypes.

Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is commonly utilized to treat operable breast cancer. The purpose of this study was to review the findings of ultrasonography (US) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in patients treated with breast conservation surgery (BCS) after NAC with a focus on intrinsic subtypes.

Methods: Eighty-six patients underwent BCS after NAC.

Missense polymorphisms of PTPRJ and PTPN13 genes affect susceptibility to a variety of human cancers.

Purpose: We investigated the association between incidence of various cancers and four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), two each in two protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) genes, PTPRJ and PTPN13, by a case-control study conducted in Japan.

Methods: The study samples comprised 819 cancer-free controls and 569 cancer cases including lung, head and neck, colorectal, and esophageal cancers.

Results: Compared with the major homozygotes at the Arg326Gln SNP in PTPRJ, a likely homologue of the mouse SCC1 (susceptible to colon cancer), Arg/Gln or Gln/Gln genotypes exhibited an increased colorectal cancer risk with adjusted odds ratios (aOR) of 1.

The evolving non-surgical ablation of breast cancer: MR guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS).

MRgFUS (MR guided Focused Ultrasound) being one of the non-surgical ablation techniques. We have already achieved favorable results in the past clinical study of MRgFUS to local treatment. New twenty one cases of invasive/noninvasive ductal carcinoma of the breast were treated by MRgFUS.

Magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound surgery of breast cancer: reliability and effectiveness.

Background: Magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound surgery (MRgFUS) is a noninvasive technique that has been shown to coagulate benign and malignant tumors. The purpose of this study was to evaluate MRgFUS safety and effectiveness for the ablation of breast carcinomas.

Study Design: Thirty women with biopsy-proved breast cancer underwent MRgFUS treatment.

Single nucleotide polymorphism at codon 133 of the RASSF1 gene is preferentially associated with human lung adenocarcinoma risk.

The RASSF1 gene, a putative tumor suppressor gene located on human chromosome 3p21, garners much attention for the frequent allelic loss and gene silencing via promoter hypermethylation in a variety of human malignancies. An association between a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at codon 133 of the RASSF1 gene, encoding either alanine (GCT) or serine (TCT), and human cancer risk remains undefined. We therefore, investigated the distribution of the Ala133Ser SNP in 101 patients with lung cancer, 63 with head and neck cancer, 72 with colorectal cancer, 56 with esophageal cancer and 110 healthy controls by polymerase chain reaction and restriction enzyme-digestion assay.

Mortality and recurrence rate after pressure ulcer operation for elderly long-term bedridden patients.

We operated on 16 sacral pressure ulcers in elderly and long-term residential patients who were immobile as a result of cerebral vascular disease. The mean age of patients was 76 years. Eight ulcers were treated with local fascial flaps and 8 by simple closure.

[Outcome of immunosuppressive therapy for myelodysplastic syndromes: results of 12 cases from a single institution].

Twelve transfusion-dependent patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) were treated with immunosuppressive therapy; 8 with cyclosporin A (CyA), 3 with CyA and antithymocyte globulin (ATG), one with ATG. G-CSF was combined in 10 patients. Eight patients who consisted of 4 treated with CyA, 3 with ATG/CyA, and one with ATG, achieved transfusion-independence.