The efficacy and safety of dydrogesterone for treatment of dysmenorrhea: An open-label multicenter clinical study.

Aims: Dydrogesterone is a retro-progesterone preparation widely used for over a half century. We sought to evaluate the efficacy and safety of dydrogesterone in Japanese women with dysmenorrhea.

Methods: This study was conducted as an open-label, single-arm, multicenter study.

Apigenin inhibits tumor necrosis factor α-induced cell proliferation and prostaglandin E2 synthesis by inactivating NFκB in endometriotic stromal cells.

Apigenin suppressed tumor necrosis factor α-induced cell proliferation and prostaglandin E2 expression via the attenuation of nuclear factor κB pathway in endometriotic stromal cells in vitro. Apigenin reduced the mitogenic activity and inflammatory reaction in endometriotic stromal cells.

TAK1 activation for cytokine synthesis and proliferation of endometriotic cells.

Endometriosis causes pelvic pain and infertility in women of reproductive age. We explored TNFalpha-induced specific signaling pathways and gene expressions in endometriotic stromal cells (ESCs). Based on the data of the pathway specific cDNA array, we analyzed the role of TAK1, which is believed to work as a common mediator for NF-kappaB and MAPK pathways.

TNFalpha gene silencing reduced lipopolysaccharide-promoted proliferation of endometriotic stromal cells.

Problem: We previously reported that lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-promoted endometriotic stromal cell (ESC) proliferation by inducing TNFalpha production. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of TNFalpha gene silencing on LPS-treated ESCs.

Method Of Study: Endometriotic stromal cells (ESCs) and endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) (EMSCs) were obtained from ovarian chocolate cysts and uterine myoma, respectively.

Interleukin-10 attenuates TNF-alpha-induced interleukin-6 production in endometriotic stromal cells.

Objective: To determine whether high levels of interleukin (IL)-10 can attenuate the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha-induced proinflammatory cytokines in endometriotic stromal cells.

Design: Prospective study.

Setting: Department of Ob/Gyn, Tottori University, Japan.

Apoptosis and endometriosis.

Apoptosis plays a critical role in maintaining tissue homeostasis and represents a normal function to eliminate excess or dysfunctional cells. Accumulated evidence suggest that apoptosis helps to maintain cellular homeostasis during the menstrual cycle by eliminating senescent cells from the functional layer of the uterine endometrium during the late secretory and menstrual phase of the cycle. BCL-2 family and Fas/FasL system have been extensively studied in human endometrium and endometriotic tissues.

Ovarian endometrioid adenocarcinoma arising from endometriosis in a young woman.

Background: The risk of ovarian cancer increases in women with a long history of ovarian endometriosis, particularly in postmenopausal women. We present here a case of malignant transformation of endometriosis occurring over a short time in a young woman.

Case: The 27-year-old woman underwent laparoscopic cystectomy and was diagnosed with left ovarian endometrioma with an accompanying high level of serum CA125 (734.