Lipase-catalyzed asymmetric synthesis of desprenyl-carquinostatin A and descycloavandulyl-lavanduquinocin.

An asymmetric synthesis of the core carbazole structure, 6-desprenyl-carquinostatin 3 and 6-descycloavandulyl-lavanduquinocin 3, toward a total synthesis of carquinostatin A (1) and lavanduquinocin (2), has been established. Lipase QLM (Meito) catalyzed enantioselective acetylation of the racemic alcohol 6 gave the (-)-acetate 7 and the (+)-alcohol 6 with high enantioselectivity. The absolute stereochemistry of the (-)- and (+)-alcohol 6 have been determined to be R- and S-configurations, respectively, by the advanced Mosher method.

Serotonin-2A and 2C receptor gene polymorphisms in Japanese patients with obstructive sleep apnea.

Objective: The serotonin (5-HT) 2A and 2C receptor subtype plays an important role in the maintenance of upper airway stability and normal breathing in obesity. Polymorphisms in the 5-HT 2A receptor gene (HTR2A) and 5-HT 2C receptor gene (HTR2C) are associated with various diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate whether or not the HTR2A/C genotypes are associated with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Facial axis angle as a risk factor for obstructive sleep apnea.

Objective: Many Japanese patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are less obese than Caucasian OSA patients despite their similar severity of OSA, suggesting that their etiology of OSA may differ. The purpose of this study was to identify bony factors associated with OSA in the Japanese population.

Methods: The clinical records of study subjects were retrospectively reviewed, and cephalometric measurements based on Sella-Nasion references and the Ricketts method were statistically compared.

The cytoplasmic shuttling and subsequent degradation of p27Kip1 mediated by Jab1/CSN5 and the COP9 signalosome complex.

The fifth component of the COP9 signalosome complex, Jab1/CSN5, directly binds to and induces specific down-regulation of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27 (p27(Kip1)). Nuclear-cytoplasmic translocation plays an important role because leptomycin B (LMB), a chemical inhibitor of CRM1-dependent nuclear export, prevents p27 degradation mediated by Jab1/CSN5. Here we show that Jab1/CSN5 functions as an adaptor between p27 and CRM1 to induce nuclear export and subsequent degradation.