Protective effects of the SGLT2 inhibitor luseogliflozin on pancreatic β-cells in db/db mice: The earlier and longer, the better.

Aims: We compared the protective effects of sodium glucose co-transporter (SGLT) 2 inhibitor luseogliflozin on pancreatic β-cells between early and advanced stages of diabetes and between short- and long-term use.

Materials And Methods: Diabetic db/db mice were treated with luseogliflozin for 2 weeks in an early stage of diabetes (7-9 weeks of age) and an advanced stage of diabetes (16-18 weeks) for a longer period of time (7-18 weeks). We performed various morphological analyses of pancreatic islets and examined gene expression profiles in islets after such treatment.

Seven-year Observational Study on the Association between Glycemic Control and the New Onset of Macroangiopathy in Japanese Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes.

Objective To examine the association between glycemic control and the new onset of macroangiopathy in Japanese subjects with type 2 diabetes. Methods We examined seven-year follow-up data for 572 patients. We divided the subjects by the average of seven-year glycemic control based on the guidelines.

Influence of atherosclerosis-related risk factors on serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels in patients with type 2 diabetes: Comparison of their influence in obese and non-obese patients.

Aims/introduction: Increased levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) likely leads to the development of atherosclerosis. Therefore, it is very important to know which factors largely influence hs-CRP levels. In the present study, we examined the influence of various atherosclerosis-related factors on hs-CRP levels in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Anti-hypertensive azelnidipine preserves insulin signaling and glucose uptake against oxidative stress in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.

It is known that reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in the development of insulin resistance as well as pancreatic β-cell dysfunction both of which are often observed in type 2 diabetes. In this study, we evaluated the effects of azelnidipine, a calcium channel blocker, on ROS-mediated insulin resistance in adipocytes. When 3T3-L1 adipocytes were exposed to ROS, insulin-mediated glucose uptake was suppressed, but such phenomena were not observed in the presence of azelnidipine.

Concomitant use of miglitol and mitiglinide as initial combination therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of miglitol and mitiglinide alone or in combination on the metabolic profile and incretin secretion in Japanese type 2 diabetes patients.

Methods: Patients on diet and exercise with or without metformin, were randomized to receive either miglitol, mitiglinide, or a combination, three times daily for 12 weeks.

Results: At 12 weeks, HbA1c decreased significantly (p<0.