A case of successful treatment with repeated segmental embolization for downhill esophageal varices caused by giant goiter.

Downhill esophageal varices often develop because of venous hypertension caused by either superior vena cava obstruction or compression. We herein present a case of downhill esophageal varices caused by a giant goiter in a patient with postoperative Graves' disease. A 66-year-old man presented with an enlarged goiter.

Case report: Impact of hyperthyroidism on psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia comorbid with Graves' disease.

Introduction: Auditory hallucinations are the most common type of hallucinations observed in schizophrenia; however, visual hallucinations are not uncommon. In Graves' disease, depression, hypomania, and psychosis can occur. While the association between Graves' disease and psychosis has been explored, understanding of the specific impact of thyroid dysfunction severity on psychiatric symptom severity is limited.

-linked -acetylglucosamine modification is essential for physiological adipose expansion induced by high-fat feeding.

Adipose tissues accumulate excess energy as fat and heavily influence metabolic homeostasis. -linked -acetylglucosamine (-GlcNAc) modification (-GlcNAcylation), which involves the addition of -acetylglucosamine to proteins by -GlcNAc transferase (Ogt), modulates multiple cellular processes. However, little is known about the role of -GlcNAcylation in adipose tissues during body weight gain due to overnutrition.

Ketone bodies: A double-edged sword for mammalian life span.

Accumulating evidence suggests health benefits of ketone bodies, and especially for longevity. However, the precise role of endogenous ketogenesis in mammalian life span, and the safety and efficacy of the long-term exogenous supplementation of ketone bodies remain unclear. In the present study, we show that a deficiency in endogenous ketogenesis, induced by whole-body Hmgcs2 deletion, shortens life span in mice, and that this is prevented by daily ketone body supplementation using a diet containing 1,3-butanediol, a precursor of β-hydroxybutyrate.

A family with type A insulin resistance syndrome caused by a novel insulin receptor mutation.

Summary: A 17-year-old boy was referred to our endocrinology clinic for a clinical investigation of hyperinsulinemia. An oral glucose tolerance test showed plasma glucose concentrations in the normal range. However, insulin concentrations were considerably elevated (0 min: 71 μU/mL; 60 min: 953 μU/mL), suggesting severe insulin resistance.

Coexistence of Pheochromocytoma and Primary Aldosteronism due to Multiple Aldosterone-producing Micronodules in the Ipsilateral Adrenal Gland.

A 46-year-old woman was referred for hypertension and a right adrenal tumor. Primary aldosteronism (PA) was suspected because of the high plasma aldosterone concentration-to-plasma renin activity ratio. However, a subsequent evaluation revealed coexistent PA and pheochromocytoma.

Bilateral non-traumatic elbow luxation in a Yorkshire terrier puppy.

A 10-week-old Yorkshire terrier had lameness of the right forelimb with complete lateral radioulnar luxation at the humerus, consistent with Type III congenital elbow luxation; this is rarely treated in the presence of multiple skeletal deformities. Lateral subluxation of the radial head at the left elbow was diagnosed as Type I congenital elbow luxation. Procurvatum, distal valgus, and external torsion were present in both antebrachiae.

Force plate analysis of ground reaction forces in relation to gait velocity of healthy Beagles.

Objective: To evaluate changes in ground reaction forces (GRFs) in relation to gait velocity using 2 force plates (FPs) for healthy Beagles.

Animals: 18 healthy Beagles were included (body weight, 10.45 ± 1.

Effect of diabetes and prediabetes on the development of disability and mortality among middle-aged Japanese adults: A 22-year follow up of NIPPON DATA90.

Aims/introduction: To examine the association between diabetes and prediabetes at baseline, and disability, mortality over a 22-year period among middle-aged Japanese adults.

Materials And Methods: Participants consisted of 1,788 adults aged 45-64 years at baseline from the cohort study National Integrated Project for Prospective Observation of Non-communicable Disease and its Trends in the Aged 1990 (NIPPON DATA90). Disability, defined as having a decline in activities of daily living (ADL), was assessed by a modified Katz questionnaire at four time points.

Clinical practice of diabetic foot, nephropathy, and retinopathy in Japan: cross-sectional study using local and nationwide questionnaire surveys.

Aims/introduction: It is a reality that there are still many diabetic subjects who suffer from serious complications, but there are few statistics of severe eye complications such as vitrectomy or blindness and diabetic foot including amputations in Japan.

Materials And Methods: To determine the status of medical examination, consultation, and the actual practice for diabetic foot, retinopathy, and nephropathy, we conducted two surveys on diabetic subjects under treatment by the local physicians in Asahikawa area or in the nationwide diabetes-specialized facilities, respectively.

Results: A total of 3649 diabetic subjects responded to the questionnaire from 35 clinics/hospitals in Asahikawa area.

Molluscum contagiosum of the corneal limbus in an AIDS patient: a clinicopathological case report.

Background: Molluscum contagiosum, a pox virus infection, is likely to occur in the eyelid skin; however, corneal involvements by molluscum lesions are extremely rare. We report a case of molluscum contagiosum arising in the corneal limbus in an untreated AIDS patient, together with anterior segment optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings and histopathology of the excised tumor.

Case Presentation: A 46-year-old man with AIDS was referred to our department for the management of an ocular lesion.

Glycaemia and body weight are regulated by sodium-glucose cotransporter 1 (SGLT1) expression via O-GlcNAcylation in the intestine.

Objective: The intestine is an important organ for nutrient metabolism via absorption and endocrine systems. Nutrients regulate O-GlcNAcylation, a post-translational modification of various proteins by O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT). We have previously shown that general OGT knockout induced severe weight loss and hypoglycaemia in mice, but little is known about how O-GlcNAcylation in the intestine modulates nutrient metabolism, especially glucose metabolism, through absorption.

Determining the Variation in the Tibial Tuberosity Transposition Distance That Is Required to Correct the Quadriceps Angle With the Severity of Medial Patellar Luxation of the Canine Stifle Joint.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the transposition distance in in vitro canine medial patellar luxation (MPL) models of different severity grades using a single radiograph of the stifle joint. Each MPL grade model was generated with manipulation and evaluated by palpating the stability of the patella. An anterior-posterior radiograph of the entire hind limb with extended hip and stifle joints, including the iliopubic eminence, was used for all measurements.

Determination of the insertion position of implants for the cross-pin fixation of distal femoral physis fractures.

The cross-pin technique for the treatment of distal femoral physis fractures (specifically, Salter-Harris Type I fractures) was investigated using femurs collected from beagle cadavers. The pin was inserted from the medial surface of the femur at an inclination of approximately 30 to 45° relative to the long axis of the femur in the anteroposterior direction; the pin exit was set proximal to the origin of the long digital extensor tendon. Digital and radiographic images of the femur in the anteroposterior and lateral directions were obtained.

Acromegaly Cases Exhibiting Increased Growth Hormone Levels during Oral Glucose Loading with Preadministration of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitor.

Objective Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) is speculated to worsen growth hormone (GH) hypersecretion in acromegaly and to be a cause of paradoxical increases in GH (PI-GH) during 75-g oral glucose tolerance testing (75-g OGTT). Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4is), which increase the circulating concentration of active GIP, are frequently administered to diabetic patients, including those with acromegaly. We aimed to determine whether or not the administration of a DPP4i increases GH concentration, especially in patients demonstrating PI-GH during a DPP4i-OGTT, in which a DPP4i was administered immediately before 75-g OGTT.

Investigation of the effects of excessive tibial plateau angle and changes in load on ligament tensile forces in the stifle joints of dogs.

Objective: To investigate the effect of an excessive tibial plateau angle (TPA) and change in compressive load on tensile forces experienced by the cranial cruciate, medial collateral, and lateral collateral ligaments (CCL, MCL, and LCL, respectively) of canine stifle joints.

Sample: 16 cadaveric stifle joints from 16 orthopedically normal Beagles.

Procedures: Stifle joints were categorized into unchanged (mean TPA, 30.

A Low-Carbohydrate Diet Improves Glucose Metabolism in Lean Insulinopenic Akita Mice Along With Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitor.

Objective: A low-carbohydrate diet (LC) can be beneficial to obese subjects with type2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) presents prompt glucose-lowering effects in subjects with T2DM. We investigated how LC and SGLT2i could similarly or differently influence on the metabolic changes, including glucose, lipid, and ketone metabolism in lean insulinopenic Akita mice.

Establishment of novel specific assay for short-form glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and evaluation of its secretion in nondiabetic subjects.

The short-form glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) (1-30) is released from islet alpha cells and promotes insulin secretion in a paracrine manner in vitro. However, it is not well elucidated how GIP (1-30) is involved in glucose metabolism in vivo, since a specific assay system for GIP (1-30) has not yet been established. We first developed a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) specific for GIP (1-30) by combining a novel antibody specific to the GIP (1-30) C terminus with the common antibody against GIP N terminus.

Receptor-Mediated Bioassay Reflects Dynamic Change of Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide by Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitor Treatment in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes.

We recently observed a greater increase in plasma levels of bioactive glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) than glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) using the receptor-mediated bioassays in the subjects with normal glycemic tolerance (NGT) treated with dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, which may be unappreciated using conventional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) during oral glucose tolerance test. Thus, we determined incretin levels in addition to glucagon level using the bioassays in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) subjects with or without treatment of DPP-4 inhibitor, to evaluate whether these assays can accurately measure bioactivity of these peptides. We performed single meal tolerance test (MTT) by using a cookie meal (carbohydrate 75.

Contrast medium-induced severe thrombocytopenia in patient on maintenance hemodialysis: a case report and literature review.

A 43-year-old male patient on maintenance hemodialysis had an enhanced computed tomography scan examination with iohexol for the first time 10 min before regular hemodialysis therapy. At the start of hemodialysis, no symptoms were observed, and the platelet count was 148,000/μl. Approximately 1 h after starting hemodialysis, dyspnea and chest discomfort appeared.

Correction to: Japanese Clinical Practice Guideline for Diabetes 2016.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s13340-018-0345-3.].