The effects of ipragliflozin on the liver-to-spleen attenuation ratio as assessed by computed tomography and on alanine transaminase levels in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

We assessed the effects of a 12-week ipragliflozin treatment on the liver-to-spleen attenuation ratio (/ ratio) using computed tomography and on alanine transaminase (ALT) levels in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Sixty-two patients with T2DM [age, 56 ± 8 years; hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels, 8.1 ± 0.

Glycemic control indicator levels at diagnosis of neonatal diabetes mellitus: Comparison with other types of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Background: Neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM) is a monogenic insulin-dependent diabetes that develops within 6 months of age. The progression of hyperglycemia until diagnosis is unknown. Glycemic control indicators at diagnosis are useful to estimate the extent and duration of hyperglycemia.

Ipragliflozin lowers small, dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Aims: This preliminary randomized, parallel-group comparative study evaluated the efficacy of ipragliflozin for reduction of small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (sd LDL-C) levels in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: Sixty-two patients with T2DM (age, 56 ± 8 years; hemoglobin A1c levels, 8.1 ± 0.

Serum CETP status is independently associated with reduction rates in LDL-C in pitavastatin-treated diabetic patients and possible involvement of LXR in its association.

Background: Statins decrease cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) levels, which have been positively associated with hepatic lipid content as well as serum low density lipoproteins-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. However, the relationship between the CETP status and statin-induced reductions in LDL-C levels has not yet been elucidated in detail. We herein examined the influence of the CETP status on the lipid-reducing effects of pitavastatin in hypercholesterolemic patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus as well as the molecular mechanism underlying pitavastatin-induced modifications in CETP levels.

Chronic hyperglycemia may attenuate the serum-uric-acid-lowering effect of low-dose febuxostat in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Aims: This study investigated the independent predictors of the serum uric acid (sUA)-lowering effect of low-dose febuxostat, a novel xanthine oxidase inhibitor, in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Materials And Methods: Data of 130 T2DM patients who had been taking febuxostat 10 mg once daily for elevated sUA (≥7 mg/dl) for at least 12 weeks were retrieved from medical records. Spearman's rank correlation coefficients were calculated to determine the correlations between sets of two independent continuous variables.

Switching from atorvastatin to rosuvastatin lowers small, dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in Japanese hypercholesterolemic patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Aims: This open-label, randomized, parallel-group comparative study compared the efficacy of rosuvastatin (5mg/day) and atorvastatin (10mg/day) for reduction of small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (sd LDL-C) levels in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: Patients with T2DM and hypercholesterolemia with detectable sd LDL-C after receiving 10mg/day atorvastatin for ≥ 24 weeks were randomly assigned to receive rosuvastatin (5mg/day; switched treatment) or atorvastatin (10mg/day; continued treatment) for 12 weeks. The primary endpoints were changes in sd LDL-C levels and sd LDL-C/total LDL-C ratio evaluated using the LipoPhor AS(®) system.

Is glycated albumin useful for differential diagnosis between fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus and acute-onset autoimmune type 1 diabetes mellitus?

Background: Markedly elevated plasma glucose and relatively low HbA1c compared to plasma glucose is one diagnostic criterion for fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus (FT1DM). Glycated albumin (GA) is a glycemic control marker that reflects glycemic control in shorter period than HbA1c. This study investigated whether GA is useful for differential diagnosis between FT1DM and acute-onset autoimmune type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1ADM) or not.

Liver fibrosis markers of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the major causes of chronic liver injury. NAFLD includes a wide range of clinical conditions from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), advanced fibrosis, and liver cirrhosis. The histological findings of NASH indicate hepatic steatosis and inflammation with characteristic hepatocyte injury (e.

Renoprotective effects of atorvastatin compared with pravastatin on progression of early diabetic nephropathy.

Introduction: Several studies have shown that statins suppress the progression of diabetic nephropathy. However, few reports have directly compared the renoprotective effects between potent and conventional statins.

Materials And Methods: Patients with diabetic nephropathy, selected as those with a serum creatinine level of 0.

Non-high-density cholesterol level as a predictor of maximum carotid intima-media thickness in Japanese subjects with type 2 diabetes: a comparison with low-density lipoprotein level.

Aim: To determine whether non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) level, in comparison with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level, is useful for predicting the values of various surrogate atherosclerosis markers in Japanese subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2DM).

Methods: Data were retrieved from medical records of 265 subjects with T2DM who underwent laboratory tests to evaluate for atherosclerosis by using the following parameters: brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity, mean and maximum carotid intima-media thickness (mean CIMT and max-CIMT), and ankle-brachial index, with simultaneous fasting blood sampling for routine lipid parameters.

Results: In a multiple stepwise regression analysis, non-HDL-C level, but not LDL-C level, positively correlated with max-CIMT ( coefficient = 0.

Serum albumin-adjusted glycated albumin is an adequate indicator of glycemic control in patients with Cushing's syndrome.

Objectives: We recently reported that glycated albumin (GA) in patients with Cushing's syndrome is low. In the present study, we examined whether serum albumin (SA)-adjusted GA (SAaGA) is an adequate indicator of glycemic control in patients with Cushing's syndrome.

Design And Methods: We studied 26 patients with Cushing's syndrome (13 patients without diabetes and 13 patients with diabetes).

The glycated albumin to glycated haemoglobin ratio increases along with the fibrosis stage in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.

Background: We previously reported that the indicator of glycaemic control, glycated albumin (GA) levels, are low in relation to glycaemia in patients with high alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease because of chronic inflammation, and that the GA/glycated haemoglobin ratio (G/H ratio) is inversely correlated with hepatic function in patients with chronic liver disease. The severity of liver fibrosis is known to be a good indicator for surveillance, and for determining the prognosis and optimal treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). In this study, we aimed to investigate the clinical usefulness of measuring the G/H ratio for predicting the severity of liver fibrosis in patients with NASH.

Obesity may attenuate the HbA1c-lowering effect of sitagliptin in Japanese type 2 diabetic patients.

Unlabelled: Aims/Introduction:  The aim of the present study was to assess the independent predictors of the HbA1c-lowering effect of sitagliptin in Japanese type 2 diabetic patients.

Materials And Methods:   Data were retrieved from the medical records of 151 type 2 diabetic patients who had been taking sitagliptin 25 or 50 mg once daily for inadequate glycemic control for at least 12 weeks, with or without other oral hypoglycemic agents. Spearman's rank correlation coefficients were calculated to investigate correlations between two independent continuous variables.

Glycated albumin levels are higher relative to HbA1c levels in people with autoimmune acute-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus than in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus at the time of diagnosis.

Glycated albumin (GA) is a new glycemic control indicator. GA/HbA1c ratio in autoimmune acute-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus patients was significantly higher than in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at the time of diagnosis. This difference might reflect speed of increase in plasma glucose after the onset of diabetes.

1,5-Anhydroglucitol levels are low irrespective of plasma glucose levels in patients with chronic liver disease.

Background: Serum 1,5-anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG) is a known marker reflecting recent glycaemic control. In this study, we examined serum 1,5-AG levels in chronic liver disease (CLD) patients with and without diabetes mellitus.

Methods: Eighty patients with CLD were compared with 667 subjects without CLD.

Association of serum glycated albumin to haemoglobin A1C ratio with hepatic function tests in patients with chronic liver disease.

Background: In patients with chronic liver disease (CLD), glycated haemoglobin (HbA(1C)) levels have been shown to be apparently lower than real values, whereas serum glycated albumin (GA) levels are apparently higher. The present study was aimed to examine whether both glycaemic indices are influenced by hepatic function.

Methods: Subjects consisted of 82 patients with CLD.

Characteristics of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus in a population undergoing health screening in Japan: target populations for efficient screening.

Aims: To estimate the prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus and its relationship with various risk factors in a population undergoing health screening in Japan.

Methods: Oral glucose tolerance tests were carried out in a total sample of 14,674 Japanese subjects undergoing health screening, aged 20-83 years and without known diabetes. The prevalence of glucose tolerance categories (1999 WHO criteria) was adjusted for sample probabilities.

CLD (chronic liver diseases)-HbA1C as a suitable indicator for estimation of mean plasma glucose in patients with chronic liver diseases.

In patients with chronic liver diseases (CLD), turnover of erythrocytes is increased whereas that of serum albumin is decreased. Thus, glycated hemoglobin (HbA(1C)) and glycated albumin (GA) cannot be used as adequate indicators for chronic plasma glucose control in diabetic patients with CLD. In this investigation, we have proposed CLD-HbA(1C), a novel long-term glycemic control marker by using measured HbA(1C) and GA.

Myxedema ascites with an extremely elevated CA125 Level: a case report.

Carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) is a tumor-marker frequently associated with ovarian malignancies; however, benign gynecologic conditions (e.g. ovarian cysts) commonly cause a smaller increase in CA125 levels.

Pancreatic exocrine and endocrine events occur concomitantly but independently during the course of fulminant type 1 diabetes.

Although pancreatic exocrine enzymes are often elevated in patients with fulminant type 1 diabetes, the onset of this elevation and its significance in disease development remain unclear. We therefore investigated the significance of elevated serum enzyme concentrations and pancreatic swelling in the development of fulminant type 1 diabetes. Serum pancreatic exocrine enzymes, including amylase, elastase-I, lipase and trypsin, were measured during the course of the disease in 11 patients with fulminant type 1 diabetes (3 men and 8 women; a range of age 24-73 years, median 33 years; a range of HbA1c at onset 4.

Significance of IA-2 antibody in Japanese type 1 diabetes: its association with GAD antibody.

To investigate the presence and level of serum antibodies to IA-2 (IA-2A) in Japanese patients with adult type 1 diabetes in order to clarify its association with glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) antibody. Serum samples were obtained from 101 Japanese patients with type 1 diabetes, including 37 patients with slowly progressive form of type 1 diabetes. Serum levels of IA-2A and GADA were determined by radioimmunoassay.