[A Case of Recurrent Gastric GIST with Long-Term Survival after Multidisciplinary Treatment].

An 80-year-old male patient presented with a 2.5 cm-sized submucosal tumor on the greater curvature side of the upper gastric body during an endoscopic examination in 200X. We diagnosed gastric GIST by biopsy and performed laparoscopic- assisted partial gastrectomy.

Highly efficient multi-resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence material toward a BT.2020 deep-blue emitter.

An ultrapure deep-blue multi-resonance-induced thermally activated delayed fluorescence material (DOB2-DABNA-A) is designed and synthesized. Benefiting from a fully resonating extended helical π-conjugated system, this compound has a small ΔE value of 3.6 meV and sufficient spin-orbit coupling to exhibit a high-rate constant for reverse intersystem crossing (k = 1.

Protective effects of imeglimin on the development of atherosclerosis in ApoE KO mice treated with STZ.

Background: Imeglimin is a new anti-diabetic drug which promotes insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells and reduces insulin resistance in insulin target tissues. However, there have been no reports examining the possible anti-atherosclerotic effects of imeglimin. In this study, we investigated the possible anti-atherosclerotic effects of imeglimin using atherosclerosis model ApoE KO mice treated with streptozotocin (STZ).

Development of a processing factor prediction model for pesticides in processed tomato foods using elastic net regularization.

A novel regularized elastic net regression model was developed to predict processing factor (PF) for pesticide residues, which represents a change in the residue levels during food processing. The PF values for tomato juice, wet pomace and dry pomace in the evaluations and reports published by the Joint FAO/WHO Meeting on Pesticide Residues significantly correlated with the physicochemical properties of pesticides, and subsequently the correlation was observed in the present tomato processing study. The elastic net regression model predicted the PF values using the physicochemical properties as predictor variables for both training and test data within a 2-fold range for 80-100% of the pesticides tested in the tomato processing study while overcoming multicollinearity.

The association between sarcopenia and functional outcomes in patients undergoing convalescent rehabilitation.

Sarcopenia is widely believed to be linked to poorer outcomes in inpatient rehabilitation. This study aimed to assess the impact of sarcopenia on functional outcomes and dietary intake during hospitalization in adults undergoing convalescent rehabilitation. We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis at a single rehabilitation institution.

An age-stratified cross-sectional study of antidiabetic and non-antidiabetic drugs prescribed to Japanese outpatients with diabetes.

Polypharmacy, common in patients with diabetes, may cause adverse drug reactions. The number of antidiabetic and non-antidiabetic drugs prescribed to patients in different age groups remains unclear. The aim of this study was to examine the number and class of antidiabetics and non-antidiabetics prescribed to Japanese patients with diabetes, stratified by age for reducing polypharmacy.

Development of Analytical Method and Surveillance ofGibberellic Acid in Banana, Cherry, and Kiwi Fruit.

Gibberellic acid (GA) is commonly used as a plant growth regulator in many food crops owing to its essential signaling functions during plant growth and development. In Japan, a threshold for administrative action for GA content of 0.3 mg/kg applies in produce in which maximum residue limits have not been established.

Ultra-Narrowband Blue Multi-Resonance Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Materials.

Ultra-narrowband blue multi-resonance-induced thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR-TADF) materials (V-DABNA and V-DABNA-F), consisting of three DABNA subunits possessing phenyl or 2,6-difluorophenyl substituents on the peripheral nitrogen atoms are synthesized by one-shot triple borylation. Benefiting from the inductive effect of fluorine atoms, the emission maximum of V-DABNA-F (464 nm) is blueshifted from that of the parent V-DABNA (481 nm), while maintaining a small full width at half maximum (FWHM, 16 nm) and a high rate constant for reverse intersystem crossing (6.5 × 10 s ).

Influence of MDR1 gene polymorphism (2677G>T) on expression and function of P-glycoprotein at the blood-brain barrier: utilizing novel P-glycoprotein humanized mice with mutation.

P-glycoprotein, the encoded product of the MDR1 / ABCB1 gene in humans, is expressed in numerous tissues including brain capillary endothelial cells and restricts the distribution of xenobiotics into the brain as an efflux pump. Although a large number of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the MDR1 gene have been identified, the influence of the nonsynonymous 2677G>T/A single nucleotide polymorphism on P-glycoprotein at the blood-brain barrier has remained unclear. In the present study, we developed a novel P-glycoprotein humanized mouse line carrying the 2677G>T mutation by utilizing a mouse artificial chromosome vector constructed by genetic engineering technology and we evaluated the influence of 2677G>T on the expression and function of P-glycoprotein at the blood-brain barrier in vivo .

Imeglimin exerts favorable effects on pancreatic β-cells by improving morphology in mitochondria and increasing the number of insulin granules.

Imeglimin is a new anti-diabetic drug commercialized in Japan (Twymeeg®) and has been drawing much attention in diabetes research area as well as in clinical practice. In this study, we evaluated the effect of imeglimin on pancreatic β-cells. First, single-dose administration of imeglimin enhanced insulin secretion from β-cells and decreased blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetic db/db mice.

Elastic shell theory for plant cell wall stiffness reveals contributions of cell wall elasticity and turgor pressure in AFM measurement.

The stiffness of a plant cell in response to an applied force is determined not only by the elasticity of the cell wall but also by turgor pressure and cell geometry, which affect the tension of the cell wall. Although stiffness has been investigated using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Young's modulus of the cell wall has occasionally been estimated using the contact-stress theory (Hertz theory), the existence of tension has made the study of stiffness more complex. Elastic shell theory has been proposed as an alternative method; however, the estimation of elasticity remains ambiguous.

Relationship between Phage Lytic Spectra and Sequence Types in Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Isolated in Japan.

The lytic spectrum of phages is usually limited to only a few strains of the same bacterial species that can lyse. In clinical molecular epidemiology, bacterial strains are commonly classified into sequence types (STs) using the multilocus sequence typing (MLST) approach. The aim of this study was to determine the association between the phage lytic spectrum and STs.

One-Shot Synthesis of Expanded Heterohelicene Exhibiting Narrowband Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence.

An expanded heterohelicene consisting of three BN-embedded [4]helicene subunits () has been synthesized by one-shot triple borylation. The key to success is the excessive use of boron tribromide in an autoclave. Based on the multiple resonance effect of three boron and six nitrogen atoms, exhibited a narrowband sky-blue thermally activated delayed fluorescence with a full width at half-maximum of 16 nm.

Early combination therapy of empagliflozin and linagliptin exerts beneficial effects on pancreatic β cells in diabetic db/db mice.

Effects of combination therapy of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor and sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor on β-cells are still unclear, although combination agent of these two drugs has become common in clinical practice. Therefore, we aimed to elucidate the effects of DPP-4 inhibitor and/or SGLT2 inhibitor on β-cell mass and function and compared their effects between in an early and advanced phase of diabetes. We used 7-week-old db/db mice as an early phase and 16-week-old mice as an advanced phase and treated them for 2 weeks with oral administration of linagliptin, empagliflozin, linagliptin + empagliflozin (L + E group), and 0.

In situ measurement of cell stiffness of Arabidopsis roots growing on a glass micropillar support by atomic force microscopy.

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) can measure the mechanical properties of plant tissue at the cellular level, but for in situ observations, the sample must be held in place on a rigid support and it is difficult to obtain accurate data for living plants without inhibiting their growth. To investigate the dynamics of root cell stiffness during seedling growth, we circumvented these problems by using an array of glass micropillars as a support to hold an root for AFM measurements without inhibiting root growth. The root elongated in the gaps between the pillars and was supported by the pillars.

Long-chain monounsaturated fatty acids improve endothelial function with altering microbial flora.

Fish oil-derived long-chain monounsaturated fatty acids (LCMUFAs) with a carbon chain length longer than 18 units ameliorate cardiovascular risk in mice. In this study, we investigated whether LCMUFAs could improve endothelial functions in mice and humans. In a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, multi-center study, healthy subjects were randomly assigned to either an LCMUFA oil (saury oil) or a control oil (olive and tuna oils) group.

Metabolic changes of Japanese schizophrenic patients transferred from hospitalization to outpatients.

It is well known that schizophrenic patients have high incidence of metabolic syndrome and life-style related diseases. There are reports that the rates of these diseases are increased more in outpatients than inpatients, but are also reports that the rates are not different between both patient groups. These differences might be related to the length of hospitalization.

A cross-sectional study on metabolic similarities and differences between inpatients with schizophrenia and those with mood disorders.

Background: One of the main causes of death in psychiatric patients is cardiovascular diseases which are closely related with lifestyle-related diseases. Psychiatric disorders include schizophrenia and mood disorders, whose symptoms and treatment medicines are different, suggesting that they might have different metabolic disorders. Thus, we studied the differences of lifestyle-related diseases between schizophrenia and mood disorders in Japan.

[A Case of Synchronous and Solitary Gallbladder Metastasis from Gastric Cancer].

A 60s woman was found to have wall thickening of the gastric body and gallbladder in the follow-up CT scan after surgery for cervical carcinoma. An endoscopic examination revealed a type 3 tumor, located in the lesser curvature of the middle stomach. Abdominal CT showed lymphadenopathy at the lesser curvature.

Axis elongation during Xenopus tail-bud stage is regulated by GABA expressed in the anterior-to-mid neural tube.

The receptors of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which is a well-known neurotransmitter, are expressed in the anterior-to-mid neural tube at an early stage of Xenopus development, but there has been no report on the role of GABA in the presumptive central nervous system. Therefore, we tried to reveal the function of GABA for Xenopus early embryogenesis. We first confirmed that the region expressing a gene encoding glutamate decarboxylase 1 (gad1), which is an enzyme that catalyzes the decarboxylation of L-glutamate to GABA, overlapped with that of several genes encoding GABA receptors (gabr) in the neural tube.

Effect of Pregnenolone 16α-Carbonitrile on the Expression of P-Glycoprotein in the Intestine, Brain and Liver of Mice.

P-Glycoprotein (P-gp), encoded by the MDR1 (ABCB1) gene in humans and by Mdr1a and Mdr1b genes in rodents, is a member of the superfamily of ATP-binding cassette transporters. Since P-gp is constitutively expressed in numerous tissues and exhibits a broad specificity in substrate recognition, it can play a crucial role in limiting the absorption and distribution of xenobiotics by decreasing their intracellular accumulation. The expression of P-gp is regulated by various nuclear receptors such as pregnane X receptor (PXR).

Characterization of P-Glycoprotein Humanized Mice Generated by Chromosome Engineering Technology: Its Utility for Prediction of Drug Distribution to the Brain in Humans.

P-glycoprotein (P-gp), encoded by the gene in humans and by the / genes in rodents, is expressed in numerous tissues and performs as an efflux pump to limit the distribution and absorption of many drugs. Owing to species differences of P-gp between humans and rodents, it is difficult to predict the impact of P-gp on pharmacokinetics and the tissue distribution of P-gp substrates in humans from the results of animal experiments. Therefore, we generated a novel P-gp humanized mouse model by using a mouse artificial chromosome (MAC) vector [designated human MDR1-MAC (hMDR1-MAC) mice].